#pragma GCC target("avx2")
#pragma GCC optimize("Ofast,unroll-loops")
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>
#define rep(i, n) for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
#define per(i, n) for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--)
#define ALL(a) a.begin(), a.end()
typedef long double ldouble;
#undef long
#define long long long
#define ll long
#define vec vector
using namespace std;
using mint = atcoder::modint;
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, mint a)
{
	return os << a.val();
}
template <typename T>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, vector<T> &a)
{
	const int n = a.size();
	rep(i, n)
	{
		os << a[i];
		if (i + 1 != n)
			os << " ";
	}
	return os;
}
template <typename T, size_t n>
ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, array<T, n> &a)
{
	rep(i, n) os << a[i] << " \n"[i + 1 == n];
	return os;
}
template <typename T>
istream &operator>>(istream &is, vector<T> &a)
{
	for (T &i : a)
		is >> i;
	return is;
}
template <typename T>
bool chmin(T &x, T y)
{
	if (x > y)
	{
		x = y;
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
template <typename T>
bool chmax(T &x, T y)
{
	if (x < y)
	{
		x = y;
		return true;
	}
	return false;
}
void solve()
{
	int n;
	cin >> n;
	vec<long> a(n);
	cin >> a;
	long ans = 0;
	for (int i = 1; i < n; i++)
		chmax(ans, a[i - 1] - a[i] + 1);
	cout << ans << '\n';
}
int main()
{
	// srand((unsigned)time(NULL));
	cin.tie(nullptr);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
	// cout << fixed << setprecision(400);
	int t = 1;
	cin >> t;
	while (t--)
		solve();
	return 0;
}