#include #include using namespace std; #define lli long long int #define REP(i, s, n) for (lli i = s; i < n; i++) #define INF (1LL << 62) #define mp(a, b) make_pair(a, b) #define SORT(V) sort(V.begin(), V.end()) #define PI (3.141592653589794) #define TO_STRING(VariableName) #VariableName #define LOG1(x) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " << endl; #define LOG2(x, y) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " << TO_STRING(y) << "=" << y << endl; #define LOG3(x, y, z) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " << TO_STRING(y) << "=" << y << " " \ << TO_STRING(z) << "=" << z << endl; #define LOG4(w, x, y, z) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(w) << "=" << w << " " << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " \ << TO_STRING(y) << "=" << y << " " << TO_STRING(z) << "=" << z \ << endl; #define LOG5(w, x, y, z, a) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(w) << "=" << w << " " << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " \ << TO_STRING(y) << "=" << y << " " << TO_STRING(z) << "=" << z << " " \ << TO_STRING(a) << "=" << a << endl; #define LOG6(w, x, y, z, a, b) \ if (DEBUG) \ cout << TO_STRING(w) << "=" << w << " " << TO_STRING(x) << "=" << x << " " \ << TO_STRING(y) << "=" << y << " " << TO_STRING(z) << "=" << z << " " \ << TO_STRING(a) << "=" << a << " " << TO_STRING(b) << "=" << b \ << endl; #define overload6(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, ...) g #define LOG(...) \ overload6(__VA_ARGS__, LOG6, LOG5, LOG4, LOG3, LOG2, LOG1)(__VA_ARGS__) template bool chmax(T &a, const T &b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } template bool chmin(T &a, const T &b) { if (b < a) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } mt19937 engine; std::chrono::system_clock::time_point start, endTime; std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &dest, __int128_t value) { std::ostream::sentry s(dest); if (s) { __uint128_t tmp = value < 0 ? -value : value; char buffer[128]; char *d = std::end(buffer); do { --d; *d = "0123456789"[tmp % 10]; tmp /= 10; } while (tmp != 0); if (value < 0) { --d; *d = '-'; } int len = std::end(buffer) - d; if (dest.rdbuf()->sputn(d, len) != len) { dest.setstate(std::ios_base::badbit); } } return dest; } __int128 parse(string &s) { __int128 ret = 0; for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) { if ('0' <= s[i] && s[i] <= '9') { ret = 10 * ret + s[i] - '0'; } } return ret; } template struct Edge { int from, to; T cost; int idx; Edge() = default; Edge(int from, int to, T cost = 1, int idx = -1) : from(from), to(to), cost(cost), idx(idx) {} operator int() const { return to; } }; template struct Graph { vector>> g; int es; Graph() = default; explicit Graph(int n) : g(n), es(0) {} size_t size() const { return g.size(); } void add_directed_edge(int from, int to, T cost = 1) { g[from].emplace_back(from, to, cost, es++); } void add_edge(int from, int to, T cost = 1) { g[from].emplace_back(from, to, cost, es); g[to].emplace_back(to, from, cost, es++); } void read(int M, int padding = -1, bool weighted = false, bool directed = false) { for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) { int a, b; cin >> a >> b; a += padding; b += padding; T c = T(1); if (weighted) cin >> c; if (directed) add_directed_edge(a, b, c); else add_edge(a, b, c); } } inline vector> &operator[](const int &k) { return g[k]; } inline const vector> &operator[](const int &k) const { return g[k]; } }; template using Edges = vector>; template struct StronglyConnectedComponents : Graph { public: using Graph::Graph; using Graph::g; vector comp; Graph dag; vector> group; void build() { rg = Graph(g.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < g.size(); i++) { for (auto &e : g[i]) { rg.add_directed_edge(e.to, e.from, e.cost); } } comp.assign(g.size(), -1); used.assign(g.size(), 0); for (size_t i = 0; i < g.size(); i++) dfs(i); reverse(begin(order), end(order)); int ptr = 0; for (int i : order) if (comp[i] == -1) rdfs(i, ptr), ptr++; dag = Graph(ptr); for (size_t i = 0; i < g.size(); i++) { for (auto &e : g[i]) { int x = comp[e.from], y = comp[e.to]; if (x == y) continue; dag.add_directed_edge(x, y, e.cost); } } group.resize(ptr); for (size_t i = 0; i < g.size(); i++) { group[comp[i]].emplace_back(i); } } int operator[](int k) const { return comp[k]; } private: vector order, used; Graph rg; void dfs(int idx) { if (exchange(used[idx], true)) return; for (auto &to : g[idx]) dfs(to); order.push_back(idx); } void rdfs(int idx, int cnt) { if (comp[idx] != -1) return; comp[idx] = cnt; for (auto &to : rg.g[idx]) rdfs(to, cnt); } }; #define DEBUG 0 void solve() { // write your code here lli N; cin >> N; StronglyConnectedComponents scc(N); REP(i, 0, N) { lli M; cin >> M; REP(j, 0, M) { lli a; cin >> a; a--; scc.add_directed_edge(i, a); } } scc.build(); //自分を指す人がいない箇所から、DFSをして、最後まで行ったときに全点に到達していればよい auto nowScc = scc.dag; if (DEBUG) { REP(i, 0, nowScc.size()) { cout << i << " : "; for (auto e : nowScc[i]) { cout << e << " "; } cout << endl; } } int startNum = scc.comp[0]; set visited; lli nowNum = startNum; while (true) { LOG(nowNum, nowScc.size(), nowScc[nowNum].size()); visited.insert(nowNum); LOG(nowNum); if (visited.size() == nowScc.size()) { cout << "Yes" << endl; return; } set targets; for (auto e : nowScc[nowNum]) { targets.insert(e); } if (targets.size() == 0) { cout << "No" << endl; return; } if (targets.size() >= 2) { cout << "No" << endl; return; } nowNum = *targets.begin(); } } // Generated by 2.13.0 https://github.com/kyuridenamida/atcoder-tools (tips: // You use the default template now. You can remove this line by using your // custom template) int main() { // Failed to predict input format lli N = 1; // cin >> N; while (N--) solve(); return 0; }