#include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include using namespace std; #define endl "\n" #define ll long long #define ch char #define vec vector #define vll vector #define sll set #define pll pair #define mkp make_pair #define mll map #define puf push_front #define pub push_back #define pof pop_front() #define pob pop_back() #define em empty() #define fi first #define se second #define fr front() #define ba back() #define be begin() #define rbe rbegin() #define en end() #define ren rend() #define all(x) x.begin(),x.end() #define rall(x) x.rbegin(),x.rend() #define fo(i,x,y) for(ll i=x;i<=y;++i) #define fa(i,v) for(auto &i:v) #define re return #define sz size() #define so(v) sort(all(v)) #define pop_count(x) __builtin_popcount(x) #define rso(v) sort(rall(v)) #define rev(v) reverse(all(v)) #define i(x) for(ll i=0;i void ff(T a,A... b){ cout< void cc(T a,A... b){ cout< void cl(T a,A... b){ cout< void cn(T a,A... b){ cout< void ci(A&... a){ (cin>>...>>a); }; templatevoid ou(T v){fa(i,v)cout<void oun(T v){fa(i,v)cout<void ouu(T v){fa(i,v){fa(j,i)cout< void oul(T v){fa(i,v)cout<void in(T &v){fa(i,v)cin>>i;} templatevoid inn(T &v){fa(i,v)fa(j,i)cin>>j;} templatevoid oump(T &v){fa(i,v)ff(i.fi,i.se);} templatevoid pi(pair &p){ci(p.fi,p.se);} templatevoid po(pair &p){ff(p.fi,p.se);} template void fl(T a,A... b){ cout< dist1(1.0, 100000); i(10000){ // 各分布法に基いて乱数を生成 ll n = dist1(engine); } return 0; } */ mll to_prime(ll x){ mll mp; for(ll i=2;i*i<=x;++i){ while(x%i==0){ ++mp[i]; x/=i; } } if(x!=1) ++mp[x]; re mp; } #define acc(v) accumulate(v.begin(),v.end(),0LL) #define acci(v,i) accumulate(v.begin(),v.begin()+i,0LL) #define dll deque int main(void){ init(); solve(); return 0; } template class pnt{ public: T x,y; pnt(T x=0,T y=0):x(x),y(y){} pnt operator + (const pnt r)const { return pnt(x+r.x,y+r.y);} pnt operator - (const pnt r)const { return pnt(x-r.x,y-r.y);} pnt operator * (const pnt r)const { return pnt(x*r.x,y*r.y);} pnt operator / (const pnt r)const { return pnt(x/r.x,y/r.y);} pnt &operator += (const pnt r){ x+=r.x;y+=r.y;return *this;} pnt &operator -= (const pnt r){ x-=r.x;y-=r.y;return *this;} pnt &operator *= (const pnt r){ x*=r.x;y*=r.y;return *this;} pnt &operator /= (const pnt r){ x/=r.x;y/=r.y;return *this;} ll dist(const pnt r){ re (x-r.x)*(x-r.x)+(y-r.y)*(y-r.y); } ll man(const pnt r){ re abs(x-r.x)+abs(y-r.y); } pnt rot(const dou theta){ T xx,yy; xx=cos(theta)*x-sin(theta)*y; yy=sin(theta)*x+cos(theta)*y; return pnt(xx,yy); } }; istream &operator >> (istream &is,pnt &r){is>>r.x>>r.y;return is;} ostream &operator << (ostream &os,pnt &r){os<bool chmaxeq(T& a, const T& b) { if (a <= b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } templatebool chmineq(T& a, const T& b) { if (b <= a) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } templatebool chmax(T& a, const T& b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } templatebool chmin(T& a, const T& b) { if (b < a) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; } struct Trie{ struct Node{ vll nxt; vec done; ll dep,cnt=0; Node(ll c_):nxt(30),dep(c_){} }; ll root=0; vectree={Node(root)}; void ins(st s){ ll c=0; for(ll i=0;i1)++ans; else break; c=to; } re ans; } }; #define fo(i,x,y) for(ll i=x;i<=y;++i) #define rfo(_ii,_xx,_yy) for(ll _ii=_xx;_ii>=_yy;--_ii) #define qll queue template using pq= priority_queue; template using pqg= priority_queue,greater>; vec>rle(st s){//run_length_encoding ll n=s.sz; vec>ans; for(ll i=0;i> mat_mul(vector> a, vector> b, ll mod) { // 行列乗算 int n = a.size(); vector> res(n, vector(n)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) { for (int k = 0; k < n; k++) { res[i][j] += a[i][k] * b[k][j]; res[i][j] %= mod; } } } return res; } vector> mat_pow(vector> a, ll b, ll mod) { // 行列累乗 int n = a.size(); vector> res(n, vector(n)); for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) res[i][i] = 1; while (b) { if (b & 1) res = mat_mul(res, a, mod); a = mat_mul(a, a, mod); b >>= 1; } return res; } void Yes(bool f){ ff(f?"Yes":"No");re; } void yes(bool f){ ff(f?"yes":"no");re; } void YES(bool f){ ff(f?"YES":"NO");re; } void sub(); template struct Edge { int rv, from, to; // rev:逆向きの辺の番号 T cap, original_cap; Edge(int f, int t, T c,int r ) : rv(r), from(f), to(t), cap(c), original_cap(c) {} }; struct UF{ vll par,rk,siz; UF(ll n):par(n+5,-1),rk(n+5,0){ } ll root(ll x){ if(par[x]<0)return x; else return par[x]=root(par[x]); } bool same(ll x,ll y){ return root(x)==root(y); } bool unite(ll x,ll y){ ll rx=root(x),ry=root(y); if(rx==ry) return 0; if(rk[rx]>e(n); vll dis(n+50,MAX); pqgq;q.push({0ll,start}); dis[start]=0; while(q.em^1){ auto [d,now]=q.top();q.pop(); if(dis[now]>cost){//O((n+m)log(n)) vll dis(n+5,MAX); pqgq;q.push({0ll,start}); dis[start]=0; while(q.em^1){ auto [d,now]=q.top();q.pop(); if(dis[now]np) ret[i-np-1]=Z[i]; R--; }else{ j= i-L; if (Z[j]np) ret[i-np-1]=Z[i]; } } //ff("z"); ou(Z); re ret; } // 2^10 = 1024 //vll dy={-1,-1,-1,0,0,1,1,1},dx={-1,0,1,-1,1,-1,0,1}; /* O(2*10^8) 9*10^18 1LL<<62 4*10^18 ~~(v.be,v.be+n,x); not include v.be+n set.lower_bound(x); ->. *++~ ! /%* +- << < == & && +=?: */ // 12345678901234567890 //vll dy={-1,0,0,1},dx={0,-1,1,0}; const ll INF = mod * mod; typedef pairP; #define per(i,n) for(int i=n-1;i>=0;i--) #define Rep(i,sta,n) for(int i=sta;i=1;i--) #define Rep1(i,sta,n) for(int i=sta;i<=n;i++) ll mod_pow(ll x, ll n, ll m = mod) { if (n < 0) { ll res = mod_pow(x, -n, m); return mod_pow(res, m - 2, m); } if (abs(x) >= m)x %= m; if (x < 0)x += m; //if (x == 0)return 0; ll res = 1; while (n) { if (n & 1)res = res * x % m; x = x * x % m; n >>= 1; } return res; } //mod should be <2^31 struct mint { int n; mint() :n(0) { ; } mint(ll m) { if (m < 0 || mod <= m) { m %= mod; if (m < 0)m += mod; } n = m; } operator int() { return n; } }; bool operator==(mint a, mint b) { return a.n == b.n; } bool operator<(mint a, mint b) { return a.n < b.n; } mint operator+=(mint& a, mint b) { a.n += b.n; if (a.n >= mod)a.n -= (int)mod; return a; } mint operator-=(mint& a, mint b) { a.n -= b.n; if (a.n < 0)a.n += (int)mod; return a; } mint operator*=(mint& a, mint b) { a.n = ((ll)a.n * b.n) % mod; return a; } mint operator+(mint a, mint b) { return a += b; } mint operator-(mint a, mint b) { return a -= b; } mint operator*(mint a, mint b) { return a *= b; } mint operator^(mint a, ll n) { if (n == 0)return mint(1); mint res = (a * a) ^ (n / 2); if (n % 2)res = res * a; return res; } ll inv(ll a, ll p) { return (a == 1 ? 1 : (1 - p * inv(p % a, a)) / a + p); } mint operator/(mint a, mint b) { return a * mint(inv(b, mod)); } mint operator/=(mint& a, mint b) { a = a / b; return a; } bool operator==(mint a, ll b) {re a==mint(b);} bool operator<(mint a, ll b) {re a> (istream &is,pnt &r){is>>r.x>>r.y;return is;} //ostream &operator << (ostream &os,pnt &r){os<> (istream &is, mint &x) { ll m; is >> m; if (m < 0 || mod <= m) { m %= mod; if (m < 0)m += mod; } x.n = m; return is; } ostream &operator << (ostream &os, mint &i) { os << i.n; return os; } const int max_n = 1 << 21; mint fact[max_n], factinv[max_n]; void init_f() { fact[0] = mint(1); for (int i = 0; i < max_n - 1; i++) { fact[i + 1] = fact[i] * mint(i + 1); } factinv[max_n - 1] = mint(1) / fact[max_n - 1]; for (int i = max_n - 2; i >= 0; i--) { factinv[i] = factinv[i + 1] * mint(i + 1); } } mint comb(int a, int b) { if (a < 0 || b < 0 || a < b)return 0; return fact[a] * factinv[b] * factinv[a - b]; } mint combP(int a, int b) { if (a < 0 || b < 0 || a < b)return 0; return fact[a] * factinv[a - b]; } ll gcd(ll a, ll b) { a = abs(a); b = abs(b); if (a < b)swap(a, b); while (b) { ll r = a % b; a = b; b = r; } return a; } struct HLD { int n; vector siz, top, dep, parent, in, out, seq; vector> adj; int cur; HLD() {} HLD(int n) { init(n); } void init(int n) {//初期化 this->n = n; siz.resize(n);//部分木のサイズ top.resize(n);//列の先頭 dep.resize(n);//深さ parent.resize(n);//親 in.resize(n); //新しい番号 out.resize(n);//部分木の最後の番号+1 seq.resize(n);//order iの頂点はseq[i] cur = 0; adj.assign(n, {});//隣接リスト } void add(int u, int v) {//辺を追加 adj[u].push_back(v); adj[v].push_back(u); } void work(int root = 0) {//ビルド top[root] = root; dep[root] = 0; parent[root] = -1; dfs1(root); dfs2(root); } void dfs1(int u) { if (parent[u] != -1) { adj[u].erase(find(adj[u].begin(), adj[u].end(), parent[u])); //親を隣接リストから消す } siz[u] = 1; for (auto &v : adj[u]) { parent[v] = u; dep[v] = dep[u] + 1; dfs1(v); siz[u] += siz[v]; //adj[u][0]をheavyになるようにする if (siz[v] > siz[adj[u][0]]) { swap(v, adj[u][0]); } } } void dfs2(int u) { in[u] = cur++;//新しい番号を割り振る seq[in[u]] = u;//order in[u]の頂点はu for (auto v : adj[u]) { top[v] = v == adj[u][0] ? top[u] : v; dfs2(v); } out[u] = cur; } int lca(int u, int v) { while (top[u] != top[v]) {//同じ列でない間 if (dep[top[u]] > dep[top[v]]) {//深い方から上る u = parent[top[u]]; } else { v = parent[top[v]]; } } return dep[u] < dep[v] ? u : v; } int dist(int u, int v) { return dep[u] + dep[v] - 2 * dep[lca(u, v)]; } int jump(int u, int k) { if (dep[u] < k) { return -1; } int d = dep[u] - k; while (dep[top[u]] > d) { u = parent[top[u]]; } return seq[in[u] - dep[u] + d]; } bool isAncester(int u, int v) { return in[u] <= in[v] && in[v] < out[u]; } int rootedChild(int u, int v) { if (u == v) { return u; } if (!isAncester(u, v)) { return parent[u]; } auto it = std::upper_bound(adj[u].begin(), adj[u].end(), v, [&](int x, int y) { return in[x] < in[y]; }) - 1; return *it; } int rootedSize(int u, int v) { if (u == v) { return n; } if (!isAncester(v, u)) { return siz[v]; } return n - siz[rootedChild(v, u)]; } int rootedLca(int a, int b, int c) { return lca(a, b) ^ lca(b, c) ^ lca(c, a); } }; void init(){ ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cin.tie(0); } void solve(){ //ge(ll,t); ll t=1; xx(t){ sub(); } } /* Rerooting: 全方位木 DP 問題ごとに以下を書き換える - 型DPと単位元 - 型DPに対する二項演算 merge - まとめたDPを用いて新たな部分木のDPを計算する add_root 計算量: O(N) */ vll vc; struct Rerooting { /* start 問題ごとに書き換え */ struct DP { // DP の型 long long dp; ll s=0; DP(long long dp_) : dp(dp_){} DP(long long dp_,ll s_) : dp(dp_),s(s_){} }; const DP identity = DP(0); // 単位元(末端の値は add_root(identity) になるので注意) function merge = [](DP dp_cum, DP d) -> DP { return DP(dp_cum.dp + d.dp ,dp_cum.s+d.s); }; struct Edge { int to; }; function add_root = [](DP d,ll v) -> DP { return DP(d.dp+d.s , vc[v]+d.s ); }; /* end 問題ごとに書き換え */ // グラフの定義 using Graph = vector>; vector> dp; // dp[v][i]: vから出るi番目の有向辺に対応する部分木のDP vector ans; // ans[v]: 頂点vを根とする木の答え Graph G; Rerooting(int N) : G(N) {//ここからスタート dp.resize(N); ans.assign(N, identity); } void add_edge(int a, int b) { G[a].push_back({b}); } void build() { dfs(0); // 普通に木DP bfs(0, identity); // 残りの部分木に対応するDPを計算 } DP dfs(int v, int p = -1) { // 頂点v, 親p DP dp_cum = identity; int deg = G[v].size();//次数 dp[v] = vector(deg, identity);//vを根とする for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) { int u = G[v][i].to; if (u == p) continue; dp[v][i] = dfs(u, v); dp_cum = merge(dp_cum, dp[v][i]); } return add_root(dp_cum,v); } void bfs(int v, const DP& dp_p, int p = -1) { // bfs だが、実装が楽なので中身は dfs になっている int deg = G[v].size(); for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) { // 前のbfsで計算した有向辺に対応する部分木のDPを保存 if (G[v][i].to == p) dp[v][i] = dp_p; } vector dp_l(deg + 1, identity), dp_r(deg + 1, identity); // 累積merge for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) { dp_l[i + 1] = merge(dp_l[i], dp[v][i]); } for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) { dp_r[i] = merge(dp_r[i + 1], dp[v][i]); } ans[v] = add_root(dp_l[deg],v); // 頂点 v の答え for (int i = 0; i < deg; i++) { // 一つ隣の頂点に対しても同様に計算 int u = G[v][i].to; if (u == p) continue; bfs(u, add_root(merge(dp_l[i], dp_r[i + 1]),v), v); } } }; /* SegTreeLazy(n,fx,fa,fm,ex,em): モノイド(集合X, 二項演算fx,fa,fm, 単位元ex,em)についてサイズnで構築 set(int i, X x), build(): i番目の要素をxにセット。まとめてセグ木を構築する。O(n) update(l,r,x): [l,r) O(log(n)) query(a,b): [a,b) 全てにfxを作用させた値を取得。O(log(n)) */ /* SegTreeLazy(n,fx,fa,fm,ex,em): モノイド(集合X, 二項演算fx,fa,fm, 単位元ex,em)についてサイズnで構築 set(int i, X x), build(): i番目の要素をxにセット。まとめてセグ木を構築する。O(n) update(l,r,x): [l,r) O(log(n)) query(a,b): [a,b) 全てにfxを作用させた値を取得。O(log(n)) */ #define rep(i,n) for (int i = 0; i < (n); ++i) // Coodinate Compression // https://youtu.be/fR3W5IcBGLQ?t=8550 template struct CC { bool initialized; vector xs; CC(): initialized(false) {} void add(T x) { xs.push_back(x);} void init() { sort(xs.begin(), xs.end()); xs.erase(unique(xs.begin(),xs.end()),xs.end()); initialized = true; } int operator()(T x) { if (!initialized) init(); return upper_bound(xs.begin(), xs.end(), x) - xs.begin() - 1; } T operator[](int i) { if (!initialized) init(); return xs[i]; } int size() { if (!initialized) init(); return xs.size(); } }; struct SCC { using Edge = int; using SGraph = vector>; // input SGraph D, rD; // result vector> cmp;//連結成分の配列 vector par;//vがどの連結成分に属するか SGraph dag; //新たに作成されたdag // constructor SCC(int N) : D(N), rD(N) {} // add edge void addedge(int u, int v) { D[u].push_back(v); rD[v].push_back(u); } // decomp vector seen; vector vs, rvs; void dfs(int v) { seen[v] = true; for (auto head : D[v]) if (!seen[head]) dfs(head); vs.push_back(v); } void rdfs(int v, int k) { seen[v] = true; par[v] = k; for (auto e : rD[v]) if (!seen[e]) rdfs(e, k); rvs.push_back(v); } // reconstruct set> newEdges; void reconstruct() { int N = (int)D.size(); int dV = (int)cmp.size(); dag.assign(dV, vector()); newEdges.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) { int u = par[i]; for (auto e : D[i]) { int v = par[e]; if (u == v) continue; if (!newEdges.count({u, v})) { dag[u].push_back(v); newEdges.insert({u, v}); } } } } // main void build() { // first dfs int N = (int)D.size(); seen.assign(N, false); vs.clear(); for (int v = 0; v < N; ++v) if (!seen[v]) dfs(v); // back dfs int k = 0; cmp.clear(); par.assign(N, -1); seen.assign(N, false); for (int i = N - 1; i >= 0; --i) { if (!seen[vs[i]]) { rvs.clear(); rdfs(vs[i], k++); cmp.push_back(rvs); } } // reconstruct reconstruct(); } }; template struct Fp {//formal power long long val; constexpr Fp(long long v = 0) noexcept : val(v % MOD) { if (val < 0) val += MOD; } constexpr int getmod() const { return MOD; } constexpr Fp operator - () const noexcept { return val ? MOD - val : 0; } constexpr Fp operator + (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) += r; } constexpr Fp operator - (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) -= r; } constexpr Fp operator * (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) *= r; } constexpr Fp operator / (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return Fp(*this) /= r; } constexpr Fp& operator += (const Fp& r) noexcept { val += r.val; if (val >= MOD) val -= MOD; return *this; } constexpr Fp& operator -= (const Fp& r) noexcept { val -= r.val; if (val < 0) val += MOD; return *this; } constexpr Fp& operator *= (const Fp& r) noexcept { val = val * r.val % MOD; return *this; } constexpr Fp& operator /= (const Fp& r) noexcept { long long a = r.val, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0; while (b) { long long t = a / b; a -= t * b, swap(a, b); u -= t * v, swap(u, v); } val = val * u % MOD; if (val < 0) val += MOD; return *this; } constexpr bool operator == (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return this->val == r.val; } constexpr bool operator != (const Fp& r) const noexcept { return this->val != r.val; } friend constexpr istream& operator >> (istream& is, Fp& x) noexcept { is >> x.val; x.val %= MOD; if (x.val < 0) x.val += MOD; return is; } friend constexpr ostream& operator << (ostream& os, const Fp& x) noexcept { return os << x.val; } friend constexpr Fp modpow(const Fp& r, long long n) noexcept { if (n == 0) return 1; if (n < 0) return modpow(modinv(r), -n); auto t = modpow(r, n / 2); t = t * t; if (n & 1) t = t * r; return t; } friend constexpr Fp modinv(const Fp& r) noexcept { long long a = r.val, b = MOD, u = 1, v = 0; while (b) { long long t = a / b; a -= t * b, swap(a, b); u -= t * v, swap(u, v); } return Fp(u); } }; namespace NTT { long long modpow(long long a, long long n, int mod) { long long res = 1; while (n > 0) { if (n & 1) res = res * a % mod; a = a * a % mod; n >>= 1; } return res; } long long modinv(long long a, int mod) { long long b = mod, u = 1, v = 0; while (b) { long long t = a / b; a -= t * b, swap(a, b); u -= t * v, swap(u, v); } u %= mod; if (u < 0) u += mod; return u; } int calc_primitive_root(int mod) { if (mod == 2) return 1; if (mod == 167772161) return 3; if (mod == 469762049) return 3; if (mod == 754974721) return 11; if (mod == 998244353) return 3; int divs[20] = {}; divs[0] = 2; int cnt = 1; long long x = (mod - 1) / 2; while (x % 2 == 0) x /= 2; for (long long i = 3; i * i <= x; i += 2) { if (x % i == 0) { divs[cnt++] = i; while (x % i == 0) x /= i; } } if (x > 1) divs[cnt++] = x; for (int g = 2;; g++) { bool ok = true; for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) { if (modpow(g, (mod - 1) / divs[i], mod) == 1) { ok = false; break; } } if (ok) return g; } } int get_fft_size(int N, int M) { int size_a = 1, size_b = 1; while (size_a < N) size_a <<= 1; while (size_b < M) size_b <<= 1; return max(size_a, size_b) << 1; } // number-theoretic transform template void trans(vector& v, bool inv = false) { if (v.empty()) return; int N = (int)v.size(); int MOD = v[0].getmod(); int PR = calc_primitive_root(MOD); static bool first = true; static vector vbw(30), vibw(30); if (first) { first = false; for (int k = 0; k < 30; ++k) { vbw[k] = modpow(PR, (MOD - 1) >> (k + 1), MOD); vibw[k] = modinv(vbw[k], MOD); } } for (int i = 0, j = 1; j < N - 1; j++) { for (int k = N >> 1; k > (i ^= k); k >>= 1); if (i > j) swap(v[i], v[j]); } for (int k = 0, t = 2; t <= N; ++k, t <<= 1) { long long bw = vbw[k]; if (inv) bw = vibw[k]; for (int i = 0; i < N; i += t) { mint w = 1; for (int j = 0; j < t/2; ++j) { int j1 = i + j, j2 = i + j + t/2; mint c1 = v[j1], c2 = v[j2] * w; v[j1] = c1 + c2; v[j2] = c1 - c2; w *= bw; } } } if (inv) { long long invN = modinv(N, MOD); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) v[i] = v[i] * invN; } } // for garner static constexpr int MOD0 = 754974721; static constexpr int MOD1 = 167772161; static constexpr int MOD2 = 469762049; using mint0 = Fp; using mint1 = Fp; using mint2 = Fp; static const mint1 imod0 = 95869806; // modinv(MOD0, MOD1); static const mint2 imod1 = 104391568; // modinv(MOD1, MOD2); static const mint2 imod01 = 187290749; // imod1 / MOD0; // small case (T = mint, long long) template vector naive_mul (const vector& A, const vector& B) { if (A.empty() || B.empty()) return {}; int N = (int)A.size(), M = (int)B.size(); vector res(N + M - 1); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) for (int j = 0; j < M; ++j) res[i + j] += A[i] * B[j]; return res; } // mint template vector mul (const vector& A, const vector& B) { if (A.empty() || B.empty()) return {}; int N = (int)A.size(), M = (int)B.size(); if (min(N, M) < 30) return naive_mul(A, B); int MOD = A[0].getmod(); int size_fft = get_fft_size(N, M); if (MOD == 998244353) { vector a(size_fft), b(size_fft), c(size_fft); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) a[i] = A[i]; for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) b[i] = B[i]; trans(a), trans(b); vector res(size_fft); for (int i = 0; i < size_fft; ++i) res[i] = a[i] * b[i]; trans(res, true); res.resize(N + M - 1); return res; } vector a0(size_fft, 0), b0(size_fft, 0), c0(size_fft, 0); vector a1(size_fft, 0), b1(size_fft, 0), c1(size_fft, 0); vector a2(size_fft, 0), b2(size_fft, 0), c2(size_fft, 0); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) a0[i] = A[i].val, a1[i] = A[i].val, a2[i] = A[i].val; for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) b0[i] = B[i].val, b1[i] = B[i].val, b2[i] = B[i].val; trans(a0), trans(a1), trans(a2), trans(b0), trans(b1), trans(b2); for (int i = 0; i < size_fft; ++i) { c0[i] = a0[i] * b0[i]; c1[i] = a1[i] * b1[i]; c2[i] = a2[i] * b2[i]; } trans(c0, true), trans(c1, true), trans(c2, true); static const mint mod0 = MOD0, mod01 = mod0 * MOD1; vector res(N + M - 1); for (int i = 0; i < N + M - 1; ++i) { int y0 = c0[i].val; int y1 = (imod0 * (c1[i] - y0)).val; int y2 = (imod01 * (c2[i] - y0) - imod1 * y1).val; res[i] = mod01 * y2 + mod0 * y1 + y0; } return res; } // long long vector mul_ll (const vector& A, const vector& B) { if (A.empty() || B.empty()) return {}; int N = (int)A.size(), M = (int)B.size(); if (min(N, M) < 30) return naive_mul(A, B); int size_fft = get_fft_size(N, M); vector a0(size_fft, 0), b0(size_fft, 0), c0(size_fft, 0); vector a1(size_fft, 0), b1(size_fft, 0), c1(size_fft, 0); vector a2(size_fft, 0), b2(size_fft, 0), c2(size_fft, 0); for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) a0[i] = A[i], a1[i] = A[i], a2[i] = A[i]; for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) b0[i] = B[i], b1[i] = B[i], b2[i] = B[i]; trans(a0), trans(a1), trans(a2), trans(b0), trans(b1), trans(b2); for (int i = 0; i < size_fft; ++i) { c0[i] = a0[i] * b0[i]; c1[i] = a1[i] * b1[i]; c2[i] = a2[i] * b2[i]; } trans(c0, true), trans(c1, true), trans(c2, true); static const long long mod0 = MOD0, mod01 = mod0 * MOD1; vector res(N + M - 1); for (int i = 0; i < N + M - 1; ++i) { int y0 = c0[i].val; int y1 = (imod0 * (c1[i] - y0)).val; int y2 = (imod01 * (c2[i] - y0) - imod1 * y1).val; res[i] = mod01 * y2 + mod0 * y1 + y0; } return res; } }; // Binomial Coefficient template struct BiCoef { vector fact_, inv_, finv_; constexpr BiCoef() {} constexpr BiCoef(int n) noexcept : fact_(n, 1), inv_(n, 1), finv_(n, 1) { init(n); } constexpr void init(int n) noexcept { fact_.assign(n, 1), inv_.assign(n, 1), finv_.assign(n, 1); int MOD = fact_[0].getmod(); for(int i = 2; i < n; i++){ fact_[i] = fact_[i-1] * i; inv_[i] = -inv_[MOD%i] * (MOD/i); finv_[i] = finv_[i-1] * inv_[i]; } } constexpr T com(int n, int k) const noexcept { if (n < k || n < 0 || k < 0) return 0; return fact_[n] * finv_[k] * finv_[n-k]; } constexpr T fact(int n) const noexcept { if (n < 0) return 0; return fact_[n]; } constexpr T inv(int n) const noexcept { if (n < 0) return 0; return inv_[n]; } constexpr T finv(int n) const noexcept { if (n < 0) return 0; return finv_[n]; } }; // Formal Power Series template struct FPS : vector { using vector::vector; // constructor FPS(const vector& r) : vector(r) {} // core operator inline FPS pre(int siz) const { return FPS(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), siz)); } inline FPS rv() const { FPS res = *this; rev(res); return res; } inline FPS& normalize() { while (!this->empty() && this->back() == 0) this->pop_back(); return *this; } // basic operator inline FPS operator - () const noexcept { FPS res = (*this); for (int i = 0; i < (int)res.size(); ++i) res[i] = -res[i]; return res; } inline FPS operator + (const mint& v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; } inline FPS operator + (const FPS& r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; } inline FPS operator - (const mint& v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; } inline FPS operator - (const FPS& r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; } inline FPS operator * (const mint& v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; } inline FPS operator * (const FPS& r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; } inline FPS operator / (const mint& v) const { return FPS(*this) /= v; } inline FPS operator << (int x) const { return FPS(*this) <<= x; } inline FPS operator >> (int x) const { return FPS(*this) >>= x; } inline FPS& operator += (const mint& v) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] += v; return *this; } inline FPS& operator += (const FPS& r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); ++i) (*this)[i] += r[i]; return this->normalize(); } inline FPS& operator -= (const mint& v) { if (this->empty()) this->resize(1); (*this)[0] -= v; return *this; } inline FPS& operator -= (const FPS& r) { if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size()); for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); ++i) (*this)[i] -= r[i]; return this->normalize(); } inline FPS& operator *= (const mint& v) { for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); ++i) (*this)[i] *= v; return *this; } inline FPS& operator *= (const FPS& r) { return *this = NTT::mul((*this), r); } inline FPS& operator /= (const mint& v) { assert(v != 0); mint iv = modinv(v); for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); ++i) (*this)[i] *= iv; return *this; } inline FPS& operator <<= (int x) { FPS res(x, 0); res.insert(res.end(), begin(*this), end(*this)); return *this = res; } inline FPS& operator >>= (int x) { FPS res; res.insert(res.end(), begin(*this) + x, end(*this)); return *this = res; } inline mint eval(const mint& v){ mint res = 0; for (int i = (int)this->size()-1; i >= 0; --i) { res *= v; res += (*this)[i]; } return res; } inline friend FPS gcd(const FPS& f, const FPS& g) { if (g.empty()) return f; return gcd(g, f % g); } // advanced operation // df/dx inline friend FPS diff(const FPS& f) { int n = (int)f.size(); FPS res(n-1); for (int i = 1; i < n; ++i) res[i-1] = f[i] * i; return res; } // \int f dx inline friend FPS integ(const FPS& f) { int n = (int)f.size(); FPS res(n+1, 0); for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) res[i+1] = f[i] / (i+1); return res; } // inv(f), f[0] must not be 0 inline friend FPS inv(const FPS& f, int deg) { assert(f[0] != 0); if (deg < 0) deg = (int)f.size(); FPS res({mint(1) / f[0]}); for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) { res = (res + res - res * res * f.pre(i << 1)).pre(i << 1); } res.resize(deg); return res; } inline friend FPS inv(const FPS& f) { return inv(f, f.size()); } // division, r must be normalized (r.back() must not be 0) inline FPS& operator /= (const FPS& r) { assert(!r.empty()); assert(r.back() != 0); this->normalize(); if (this->size() < r.size()) { this->clear(); return *this; } int need = (int)this->size() - (int)r.size() + 1; *this = ((*this).rv().pre(need) * inv(r.rv(), need)).pre(need).rv(); return *this; } inline FPS& operator %= (const FPS &r) { assert(!r.empty()); assert(r.back() != 0); this->normalize(); FPS q = (*this) / r; return *this -= q * r; } inline FPS operator / (const FPS& r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; } inline FPS operator % (const FPS& r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; } // log(f) = \int f'/f dx, f[0] must be 1 inline friend FPS log(const FPS& f, int deg) { assert(f[0] == 1); // FPS res = integ(diff(f) * inv(f, deg)); res.resize(deg); return res; } inline friend FPS log(const FPS& f) { return log(f, f.size()); } // exp(f), f[0] must be 0 inline friend FPS exp(const FPS& f, int deg) { assert(f[0] == 0); FPS res(1, 1); for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) { res = res * (f.pre(i<<1) - log(res, i<<1) + 1).pre(i<<1); } res.resize(deg); return res; } inline friend FPS exp(const FPS& f) { return exp(f, f.size()); } // pow(f) = exp(e * log f) inline friend FPS pow(const FPS& f, long long e, int deg) { long long i = 0; while (i < (int)f.size() && f[i] == 0) ++i; if (i == (int)f.size()) return FPS(deg, 0); if (i * e >= deg) return FPS(deg, 0); mint k = f[i]; FPS res = exp(log((f >> i) / k, deg) * e, deg) * modpow(k, e) << (e * i); res.resize(deg); return res; } inline friend FPS pow(const FPS& f, long long e) { return pow(f, e, f.size()); } // sqrt(f), f[0] must be 1 inline friend FPS sqrt_base(const FPS& f, int deg) { assert(f[0] == 1); mint inv2 = mint(1) / 2; FPS res(1, 1); for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) { res = (res + f.pre(i << 1) * inv(res, i << 1)).pre(i << 1); for (mint& x : res) x *= inv2; } res.resize(deg); return res; } inline friend FPS sqrt_base(const FPS& f) { return sqrt_base(f, f.size()); } }; //int modl[5] = {998244353, 1000000007, 1000000009, 1000000021, 1000000033}; int modl[5] = { 10000019,10000079,10000103,10000121,10000139}; struct Hash{ vll h; Hash(st s):h(5) { for(ll i=0;i; int n; vector dat; segtree(int n_):dat(n_*4,ex){ int x = 1; while (n_ > x) x *= 2; n = x; //fl("n",n); } void set(int i, X x) { dat[i + n - 1] = x; } void build() { for (int k = n - 2; k >= 0; k--) dat[k] = opx(dat[2 * k + 1], dat[2 * k + 2]); } void update(int i, X x) { i += n - 1; dat[i] = x; while (i > 0) { i = (i - 1) / 2; // parent dat[i] = opx(dat[i * 2 + 1], dat[i * 2 + 2]); } } X query_sub(int a, int b, int k, int l, int r) { if (r <= a || b <= l) { // 完全に外側の時 return ex; } else if (a <= l && r <= b) { // 完全に内側の時 return dat[k]; } else { // 一部区間が被る時 X vl = query_sub(a, b, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2); X vr = query_sub(a, b, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r); return opx(vl, vr); } } X query(int a, int b) { return query_sub(a, b, 0, 0, n); } }; struct lazy { struct X{ //a*x+b; mint x; X(ll _x):x(_x){;} bool operator==(X r) {re r.x==x;} }; struct A { mint a; A(mint _a):a(_a){;} bool operator==(A r) {re a==r.a;} }; X opx(X x1,X x2) { x1.x+=x2.x; return x1; } X ex=X(0ll); X opax(A a,X x) { x.x+=a.a; return x; } A opa(A a1,A a2) { a1.a+=a2.a; return a1; } A ea=A(0ll); using FX = function; using FAX = function; using FA = function; int n; vector dat; vector v_lazy; lazy(int n_):dat(n_*4,ex),v_lazy(n_*4,ea){ int x = 1; while (n_ > x) x *= 2; n = x; //fl("n",n); } void set(int i, X x) { dat[i + n - 1] = x; } void build() { for (int k = n - 2; k >= 0; k--) dat[k] = opx(dat[2 * k + 1], dat[2 * k + 2]); } /* lazy eval */ void eval(int k) { if (v_lazy[k] == ea) return; // 更新するものが無ければ終了 if (k < n - 1) { // 葉でなければ子に伝搬 v_lazy[k * 2 + 1] = opa(v_lazy[k * 2 + 1], v_lazy[k]); v_lazy[k * 2 + 2] = opa(v_lazy[k * 2 + 2], v_lazy[k]); } // 自身を更新 dat[k] = opax(v_lazy[k],dat[k]); v_lazy[k] = ea; } void update(int a, int b, A x, int k, int l, int r) { eval(k); if (a <= l && r <= b) { // 完全に内側の時 v_lazy[k] = opa(v_lazy[k], x); eval(k); } else if (a < r && l < b) { // 一部区間が被る時 update(a, b, x, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2); // 左の子 update(a, b, x, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r); // 右の子 dat[k] = opx(dat[k * 2 + 1], dat[k * 2 + 2]); } } void update(int L, int R, A a) { update(L, R, a, 0, 0, n); } void update(int L, int R, mint a) { A Aa=A(a); update(L, R, Aa, 0, 0, n); } X query_sub(int a, int b, int k, int l, int r) { eval(k); if (r <= a || b <= l) { // 完全に外側の時 return ex; } else if (a <= l && r <= b) { // 完全に内側の時 return dat[k]; } else { // 一部区間が被る時 X vl = query_sub(a, b, k * 2 + 1, l, (l + r) / 2); X vr = query_sub(a, b, k * 2 + 2, (l + r) / 2, r); return opx(vl, vr); } } X query(int a, int b) { return query_sub(a, b, 0, 0, n); } }; void sub() { mod=mod9; ge(ll,N,K); lazy sg(N+1); sg.update(0,1,mint(1)); for(ll i=0;i<=N;++i) { sg.update(i+K,N+1,sg.query(i,i+1).x); /* fo(i,0,N) ff(i,sg.query(i,i+1).x); ff(); */ } ff(sg.query(0,N+1).x); }