結果

問題 No.2513 Power Eraser
ユーザー tofu_dra2tofu_dra2
提出日時 2023-10-22 06:32:48
言語 C++17
(gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0)
結果
AC  
実行時間 5,458 ms / 6,000 ms
コード長 24,751 bytes
コンパイル時間 6,710 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ 318,476 KB
実行使用メモリ 17,700 KB
最終ジャッジ日時 2023-10-22 06:35:12
合計ジャッジ時間 103,818 ms
ジャッジサーバーID
(参考情報)
judge14 / judge15
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力 結果 実行時間
実行使用メモリ
testcase_00 AC 2 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_01 AC 2 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_02 AC 2 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_03 AC 6 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_04 AC 45 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_05 AC 8 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_06 AC 66 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_07 AC 25 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_08 AC 57 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_09 AC 84 ms
4,352 KB
testcase_10 AC 54 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_11 AC 7 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_12 AC 38 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_13 AC 1,601 ms
9,732 KB
testcase_14 AC 3,790 ms
15,684 KB
testcase_15 AC 3,978 ms
16,096 KB
testcase_16 AC 2,176 ms
10,388 KB
testcase_17 AC 2,720 ms
11,368 KB
testcase_18 AC 3,773 ms
15,592 KB
testcase_19 AC 5,393 ms
17,444 KB
testcase_20 AC 1,806 ms
9,852 KB
testcase_21 AC 3,947 ms
15,896 KB
testcase_22 AC 3,942 ms
15,884 KB
testcase_23 AC 5,386 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_24 AC 5,409 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_25 AC 5,413 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_26 AC 5,391 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_27 AC 5,380 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_28 AC 5,397 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_29 AC 5,398 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_30 AC 5,384 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_31 AC 5,396 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_32 AC 5,406 ms
17,668 KB
testcase_33 AC 2 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_34 AC 2 ms
4,348 KB
testcase_35 AC 5,403 ms
17,700 KB
testcase_36 AC 5,458 ms
17,700 KB
7_evil_case_1.txt TLE -
7_evil_case_2.txt TLE -
7_evil_case_3.txt TLE -
7_evil_case_4.txt TLE -
7_evil_case_5.txt TLE -
権限があれば一括ダウンロードができます

ソースコード

diff #

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#include <atcoder/all>

typedef long long int ll;
typedef long double ld;

using namespace std;
using namespace atcoder;

template <uint32_t mod>
struct LazyMontgomeryModInt {
  using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt;
  using i32 = int32_t;
  using u32 = uint32_t;
  using u64 = uint64_t;

  static constexpr u32 get_r() {
    u32 ret = mod;
    for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret;
    return ret;
  }

  static constexpr u32 r = get_r();
  static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod;
  static_assert(r * mod == 1, "invalid, r * mod != 1");
  static_assert(mod < (1 << 30), "invalid, mod >= 2 ^ 30");
  static_assert((mod & 1) == 1, "invalid, mod % 2 == 0");

  u32 a;

  constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {}
  constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b)
      : a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){};

  static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) {
    return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32;
  }

  constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint &b) {
    if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
    return *this;
  }

  constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint &b) {
    if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
    return *this;
  }

  constexpr mint &operator*=(const mint &b) {
    a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a);
    return *this;
  }

  constexpr mint &operator/=(const mint &b) {
    *this *= b.inverse();
    return *this;
  }

  constexpr mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; }
  constexpr mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; }
  constexpr mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; }
  constexpr mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; }
  constexpr bool operator==(const mint &b) const {
    return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
  }
  constexpr bool operator!=(const mint &b) const {
    return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
  }
  constexpr mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); }

  constexpr mint pow(u64 n) const {
    mint ret(1), mul(*this);
    while (n > 0) {
      if (n & 1) ret *= mul;
      mul *= mul;
      n >>= 1;
    }
    return ret;
  }
  
  constexpr mint inverse() const { return pow(mod - 2); }

  friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) {
    return os << b.get();
  }

  friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) {
    int64_t t;
    is >> t;
    b = LazyMontgomeryModInt<mod>(t);
    return (is);
  }
  
  constexpr u32 get() const {
    u32 ret = reduce(a);
    return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret;
  }

  static constexpr u32 get_mod() { return mod; }
};

template <typename mint>
struct NTT {
  static constexpr uint32_t get_pr() {
    uint32_t _mod = mint::get_mod();
    using u64 = uint64_t;
    u64 ds[32] = {};
    int idx = 0;
    u64 m = _mod - 1;
    for (u64 i = 2; i * i <= m; ++i) {
      if (m % i == 0) {
        ds[idx++] = i;
        while (m % i == 0) m /= i;
      }
    }
    if (m != 1) ds[idx++] = m;

    uint32_t _pr = 2;
    while (1) {
      int flg = 1;
      for (int i = 0; i < idx; ++i) {
        u64 a = _pr, b = (_mod - 1) / ds[i], r = 1;
        while (b) {
          if (b & 1) r = r * a % _mod;
          a = a * a % _mod;
          b >>= 1;
        }
        if (r == 1) {
          flg = 0;
          break;
        }
      }
      if (flg == 1) break;
      ++_pr;
    }
    return _pr;
  };

  static constexpr uint32_t mod = mint::get_mod();
  static constexpr uint32_t pr = get_pr();
  static constexpr int level = __builtin_ctzll(mod - 1);
  mint dw[level], dy[level];

  void setwy(int k) {
    mint w[level], y[level];
    w[k - 1] = mint(pr).pow((mod - 1) / (1 << k));
    y[k - 1] = w[k - 1].inverse();
    for (int i = k - 2; i > 0; --i)
      w[i] = w[i + 1] * w[i + 1], y[i] = y[i + 1] * y[i + 1];
    dw[1] = w[1], dy[1] = y[1], dw[2] = w[2], dy[2] = y[2];
    for (int i = 3; i < k; ++i) {
      dw[i] = dw[i - 1] * y[i - 2] * w[i];
      dy[i] = dy[i - 1] * w[i - 2] * y[i];
    }
  }

  NTT() { setwy(level); }

  void fft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
    if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
    if (k == 1) {
      mint a1 = a[1];
      a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
      a[0] = a[0] + a1;
      return;
    }
    if (k & 1) {
      int v = 1 << (k - 1);
      for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) {
        mint ajv = a[j + v];
        a[j + v] = a[j] - ajv;
        a[j] += ajv;
      }
    }
    int u = 1 << (2 + (k & 1));
    int v = 1 << (k - 2 - (k & 1));
    mint one = mint(1);
    mint imag = dw[1];
    while (v) {
      // jh = 0
      {
        int j0 = 0;
        int j1 = v;
        int j2 = j1 + v;
        int j3 = j2 + v;
        for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
          mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
          mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
          mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
          a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j1] = t0p2 - t1p3;
          a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j3] = t0m2 - t1m3;
        }
      }
      // jh >= 1
      mint ww = one, xx = one * dw[2], wx = one;
      for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
        ww = xx * xx, wx = ww * xx;
        int j0 = jh * v;
        int je = j0 + v;
        int j2 = je + v;
        for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
          mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v] * xx, t2 = a[j2] * ww,
               t3 = a[j2 + v] * wx;
          mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
          mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
          a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j0 + v] = t0p2 - t1p3;
          a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j2 + v] = t0m2 - t1m3;
        }
        xx *= dw[__builtin_ctzll((jh += 4))];
      }
      u <<= 2;
      v >>= 2;
    }
  }

  void ifft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
    if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
    if (k == 1) {
      mint a1 = a[1];
      a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
      a[0] = a[0] + a1;
      return;
    }
    int u = 1 << (k - 2);
    int v = 1;
    mint one = mint(1);
    mint imag = dy[1];
    while (u) {
      // jh = 0
      {
        int j0 = 0;
        int j1 = v;
        int j2 = v + v;
        int j3 = j2 + v;
        for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
          mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
          mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
          mint t0m1 = t0 - t1, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * imag;
          a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = t0p1 - t2p3;
          a[j1] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j3] = t0m1 - t2m3;
        }
      }
      // jh >= 1
      mint ww = one, xx = one * dy[2], yy = one;
      u <<= 2;
      for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
        ww = xx * xx, yy = xx * imag;
        int j0 = jh * v;
        int je = j0 + v;
        int j2 = je + v;
        for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
          mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j2 + v];
          mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
          mint t0m1 = (t0 - t1) * xx, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * yy;
          a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = (t0p1 - t2p3) * ww;
          a[j0 + v] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j2 + v] = (t0m1 - t2m3) * ww;
        }
        xx *= dy[__builtin_ctzll(jh += 4)];
      }
      u >>= 4;
      v <<= 2;
    }
    if (k & 1) {
      u = 1 << (k - 1);
      for (int j = 0; j < u; ++j) {
        mint ajv = a[j] - a[j + u];
        a[j] += a[j + u];
        a[j + u] = ajv;
      }
    }
  }

  void ntt(vector<mint> &a) {
    if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
    fft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
  }

  void intt(vector<mint> &a) {
    if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
    ifft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
    mint iv = mint(a.size()).inverse();
    for (auto &x : a) x *= iv;
  }

  vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint> &a, const vector<mint> &b) {
    int l = a.size() + b.size() - 1;
    if (min<int>(a.size(), b.size()) <= 40) {
      vector<mint> s(l);
      for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i)
        for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) s[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
      return s;
    }
    int k = 2, M = 4;
    while (M < l) M <<= 1, ++k;
    setwy(k);
    vector<mint> s(M), t(M);
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i];
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i];
    fft4(s, k);
    fft4(t, k);
    for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= t[i];
    ifft4(s, k);
    s.resize(l);
    mint invm = mint(M).inverse();
    for (int i = 0; i < l; ++i) s[i] *= invm;
    return s;
  }

  void ntt_doubling(vector<mint> &a) {
    int M = (int)a.size();
    auto b = a;
    intt(b);
    mint r = 1, zeta = mint(pr).pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (M << 1));
    for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) b[i] *= r, r *= zeta;
    ntt(b);
    copy(begin(b), end(b), back_inserter(a));
  }
};

namespace ArbitraryNTT {
using i64 = int64_t;
using u128 = __uint128_t;
constexpr int32_t m0 = 167772161;
constexpr int32_t m1 = 469762049;
constexpr int32_t m2 = 754974721;
using mint0 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m0>;
using mint1 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m1>;
using mint2 = LazyMontgomeryModInt<m2>;
constexpr int r01 = mint1(m0).inverse().get();
constexpr int r02 = mint2(m0).inverse().get();
constexpr int r12 = mint2(m1).inverse().get();
constexpr int r02r12 = i64(r02) * r12 % m2;
constexpr i64 w1 = m0;
constexpr i64 w2 = i64(m0) * m1;

template <typename T, typename submint>
vector<submint> mul(const vector<T> &a, const vector<T> &b) {
  static NTT<submint> ntt;
  vector<submint> s(a.size()), t(b.size());
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = i64(a[i] % submint::get_mod());
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = i64(b[i] % submint::get_mod());
  return ntt.multiply(s, t);
}

template <typename T>
vector<int> multiply(const vector<T> &s, const vector<T> &t, int mod) {
  auto d0 = mul<T, mint0>(s, t);
  auto d1 = mul<T, mint1>(s, t);
  auto d2 = mul<T, mint2>(s, t);
  int n = d0.size();
  vector<int> ret(n);
  const int W1 = w1 % mod;
  const int W2 = w2 % mod;
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    int n1 = d1[i].get(), n2 = d2[i].get(), a = d0[i].get();
    int b = i64(n1 + m1 - a) * r01 % m1;
    int c = (i64(n2 + m2 - a) * r02r12 + i64(m2 - b) * r12) % m2;
    ret[i] = (i64(a) + i64(b) * W1 + i64(c) * W2) % mod;
  }
  return ret;
}

template <typename mint>
vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint> &a, const vector<mint> &b) {
  if (a.size() == 0 && b.size() == 0) return {};
  if (min<int>(a.size(), b.size()) < 128) {
    vector<mint> ret(a.size() + b.size() - 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i)
      for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) ret[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
    return ret;
  }
  vector<int> s(a.size()), t(b.size());
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i].get();
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i].get();
  vector<int> u = multiply<int>(s, t, mint::get_mod());
  vector<mint> ret(u.size());
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)u.size(); ++i) ret[i] = mint(u[i]);
  return ret;
}

template <typename T>
vector<u128> multiply_u128(const vector<T> &s, const vector<T> &t) {
  if (s.size() == 0 && t.size() == 0) return {};
  if (min<int>(s.size(), t.size()) < 128) {
    vector<u128> ret(s.size() + t.size() - 1);
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)s.size(); ++i)
      for (int j = 0; j < (int)t.size(); ++j) ret[i + j] += i64(s[i]) * t[j];
    return ret;
  }
  auto d0 = mul<T, mint0>(s, t);
  auto d1 = mul<T, mint1>(s, t);
  auto d2 = mul<T, mint2>(s, t);
  int n = d0.size();
  vector<u128> ret(n);
  for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
    i64 n1 = d1[i].get(), n2 = d2[i].get();
    i64 a = d0[i].get();
    i64 b = (n1 + m1 - a) * r01 % m1;
    i64 c = ((n2 + m2 - a) * r02r12 + (m2 - b) * r12) % m2;
    ret[i] = a + b * w1 + u128(c) * w2;
  }
  return ret;
}
}  // namespace ArbitraryNTT

template <typename mint>
struct FormalPowerSeries : vector<mint> {
  using vector<mint>::vector;
  using FPS = FormalPowerSeries;

  FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) {
    if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i];
    return *this;
  }

  FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) {
    if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
    (*this)[0] += r;
    return *this;
  }

  FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) {
    if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i];
    return *this;
  }

  FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) {
    if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
    (*this)[0] -= r;
    return *this;
  }

  FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) {
    for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v;
    return *this;
  }

  FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) {
    if (this->size() < r.size()) {
      this->clear();
      return *this;
    }
    int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1;
    if ((int)r.size() <= 64) {
      FPS f(*this), g(r);
      g.shrink();
      mint coeff = g.back().inverse();
      for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff;
      int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1;
      int gs = g.size();
      FPS quo(deg);
      for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1];
        for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j];
      }
      *this = quo * coeff;
      this->resize(n, mint(0));
      return *this;
    }
    return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev();
  }

  FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) {
    *this -= *this / r * r;
    shrink();
    return *this;
  }

  FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; }
  FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; }
  FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; }
  FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; }
  FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; }
  FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; }
  FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; }
  FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; }
  FPS operator-() const {
    FPS ret(this->size());
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i];
    return ret;
  }

  void shrink() {
    while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back();
  }

  FPS rev() const {
    FPS ret(*this);
    reverse(begin(ret), end(ret));
    return ret;
  }

  FPS dot(FPS r) const {
    FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size()));
    for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i];
    return ret;
  }

  FPS pre(int sz) const {
    return FPS(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz));
  }

  FPS operator>>(int sz) const {
    if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {};
    FPS ret(*this);
    ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz);
    return ret;
  }

  FPS operator<<(int sz) const {
    FPS ret(*this);
    ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0));
    return ret;
  }

  FPS diff() const {
    const int n = (int)this->size();
    FPS ret(max(0, n - 1));
    mint one(1), coeff(1);
    for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
      ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff;
      coeff += one;
    }
    return ret;
  }

  FPS integral() const {
    const int n = (int)this->size();
    FPS ret(n + 1);
    ret[0] = mint(0);
    if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1);
    auto mod = mint::get_mod();
    for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i];
    return ret;
  }

  mint eval(mint x) const {
    mint r = 0, w = 1;
    for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x;
    return r;
  }

  FPS log(int deg = -1) const {
    assert((*this)[0] == mint(1));
    if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
    return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral();
  }

  FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const {
    const int n = (int)this->size();
    if (deg == -1) deg = n;
    if (k == 0) {
      FPS ret(deg);
      if (deg) ret[0] = 1;
      return ret;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) {
        mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i];
        FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg);
        ret *= (*this)[i].pow(k);
        ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg);
        if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0));
        return ret;
      }
      if (__int128_t(i + 1) * k >= deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0));
    }
    return FPS(deg, mint(0));
  }

  static void *ntt_ptr;
  static void set_fft();
  FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r);
  void ntt();
  void intt();
  void ntt_doubling();
  static int ntt_pr();
  FPS inv(int deg = -1) const;
  FPS exp(int deg = -1) const;
};
template <typename mint>
void *FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr = nullptr;

template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::set_fft() {
  ntt_ptr = nullptr;
}

template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt() {
  exit(1);
}

template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::intt() {
  exit(1);
}

template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_doubling() {
  exit(1);
}

template <typename mint>
int FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_pr() {
  exit(1);
}

template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint>& FormalPowerSeries<mint>::operator*=(
    const FormalPowerSeries<mint>& r) {
  if (this->empty() || r.empty()) {
    this->clear();
    return *this;
  }
  auto ret = ArbitraryNTT::multiply(*this, r);
  return *this = FormalPowerSeries<mint>(ret.begin(), ret.end());
}

template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::inv(int deg) const {
  assert((*this)[0] != mint(0));
  if (deg == -1) deg = (*this).size();
  FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret({mint(1) / (*this)[0]});
  for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1)
    ret = (ret + ret - ret * ret * (*this).pre(i << 1)).pre(i << 1);
  return ret.pre(deg);
}

template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::exp(int deg) const {
  assert((*this).size() == 0 || (*this)[0] == mint(0));
  if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
  FormalPowerSeries<mint> ret({mint(1)});
  for (int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) {
    ret = (ret * (pre(i << 1) + mint(1) - ret.log(i << 1))).pre(i << 1);
  }
  return ret.pre(deg);
}

// f *= (1 + c x^n)
template <typename mint>
void sparse_mul(FormalPowerSeries<mint>& f, int n, mint c, int expand = false) {
  if (expand) f.resize(f.size() + n);
  for (int i = (int)f.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
    if (i - n >= 0) f[i] += f[i - n] * c;
  }
}

// f /= (1 + c x^n)
template <typename mint>
void sparse_div(FormalPowerSeries<mint>& f, int n, mint c) {
  for (int i = 0; i < (int)f.size(); ++i) {
    if (i + n < (int)f.size()) f[i + n] -= f[i] * c;
  }
}

// FPS(形式的べき級数)のライブラリ Nyaanさん
// mod1000000007で使える
// resize(m+1) m乗の項までセット
// rev() reverse
// dot(r) dot積(項ごとに積)
// pre(sz) szまでを残して後を切り捨て
// diff() 微分
// integral() 積分
// eval(x) xを代入した時の合計を求める
// log(deg) 定数項が1である必要がある、log(f)を返す
// f = f.pow(k,deg) k乗する
// inv(deg)
// exp(deg)
// (degの項まで計算する,-1で元のサイズ)
// sparse_mul(FPS f,n,(mint)c,expand) *= (1+cx^n) (expand=1であればresize)
// sparse_div(FPS f,n,(mint)c) /= (1+cx^n)

// retやmodのマクロがバグるので消しておくこと!

// using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt<1000000007>;
// FormalPowerSeries<mint> f;

template <typename mint>
struct ProductTree {
  using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
  const vector<mint> &xs;
  vector<fps> buf;
  int N, xsz;
  vector<int> l, r;
  ProductTree(const vector<mint> &xs_) : xs(xs_), xsz(xs.size()) {
    N = 1;
    while (N < (int)xs.size()) N *= 2;
    buf.resize(2 * N);
    l.resize(2 * N, xs.size());
    r.resize(2 * N, xs.size());
    fps::set_fft();
    if (fps::ntt_ptr == nullptr)
      build();
    else
      build_ntt();
  }

  void build() {
    for (int i = 0; i < xsz; i++) {
      l[i + N] = i;
      r[i + N] = i + 1;
      buf[i + N] = {-xs[i], 1};
    }
    for (int i = N - 1; i > 0; i--) {
      l[i] = l[(i << 1) | 0];
      r[i] = r[(i << 1) | 1];
      if (buf[(i << 1) | 0].empty())
        continue;
      else if (buf[(i << 1) | 1].empty())
        buf[i] = buf[(i << 1) | 0];
      else
        buf[i] = buf[(i << 1) | 0] * buf[(i << 1) | 1];
    }
  }

  void build_ntt() {
    fps f;
    f.reserve(N * 2);
    for (int i = 0; i < xsz; i++) {
      l[i + N] = i;
      r[i + N] = i + 1;
      buf[i + N] = {-xs[i] + 1, -xs[i] - 1};
    }
    for (int i = N - 1; i > 0; i--) {
      l[i] = l[(i << 1) | 0];
      r[i] = r[(i << 1) | 1];
      if (buf[(i << 1) | 0].empty())
        continue;
      else if (buf[(i << 1) | 1].empty())
        buf[i] = buf[(i << 1) | 0];
      else if (buf[(i << 1) | 0].size() == buf[(i << 1) | 1].size()) {
        buf[i] = buf[(i << 1) | 0];
        f.clear();
        copy(begin(buf[(i << 1) | 1]), end(buf[(i << 1) | 1]),
             back_inserter(f));
        buf[i].ntt_doubling();
        f.ntt_doubling();
        for (int j = 0; j < (int)buf[i].size(); j++) buf[i][j] *= f[j];
      } else {
        buf[i] = buf[(i << 1) | 0];
        f.clear();
        copy(begin(buf[(i << 1) | 1]), end(buf[(i << 1) | 1]),
             back_inserter(f));
        buf[i].ntt_doubling();
        f.intt();
        f.resize(buf[i].size(), mint(0));
        f.ntt();
        for (int j = 0; j < (int)buf[i].size(); j++) buf[i][j] *= f[j];
      }
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 2 * N; i++) {
      buf[i].intt();
      buf[i].shrink();
    }
  }
};

template <typename mint>
vector<mint> InnerMultipointEvaluation(const FormalPowerSeries<mint> &f,
                                       const vector<mint> &xs,
                                       const ProductTree<mint> &ptree) {
  using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
  vector<mint> ret;
  ret.reserve(xs.size());
  auto rec = [&](auto self, fps a, int idx) {
    if (ptree.l[idx] == ptree.r[idx]) return;
    a %= ptree.buf[idx];
    if ((int)a.size() <= 64) {
      for (int i = ptree.l[idx]; i < ptree.r[idx]; i++)
        ret.push_back(a.eval(xs[i]));
      return;
    }
    self(self, a, (idx << 1) | 0);
    self(self, a, (idx << 1) | 1);
  };
  rec(rec, f, 1);
  return ret;
}

template <typename mint>
vector<mint> MultipointEvaluation(const FormalPowerSeries<mint> &f,
                                  const vector<mint> &xs) {
  if(f.empty() || xs.empty()) return vector<mint>(xs.size(), mint(0));
  return InnerMultipointEvaluation(f, xs, ProductTree<mint>(xs));
}

#define inf 1010000000
#define llinf 1001000000000000000ll
#define pi 3.141592653589793238
#define rep(i, n) for(ll i = 0; i < (n); i++)
#define rep1(i, n) for(ll i = 1; i <= (n); i++)
#define rep2(i,l,r) for(ll i = (l); i < (r); i++)
#define per(i, n) for(ll i = (n)-1; i >= 0; i--)
#define each(x, v) for (auto&& x : v)
#define rng(a) a.begin(),a.end()
#define fi first
#define se second
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define pob pop_back
#define st string
#define pcnt __builtin_popcountll
#define bit(n) (1LL<<(n))

template <class T = ll>
inline T in(){ T x; cin >> x; return (x);}
#define vcin(x,n) {for(ll loop=0; loop<(n); loop++) cin>>x[loop];}

#define dame { puts("-1"); return 0;}
#define yes { puts("Yes"); return 0;}
#define no { puts("No"); return 0;}
#define ret(x) { cout<<(x)<<endl;}
#define rets(x) { cout<<(x)<< " ";}
#define Endl cout<<endl;
#define dump(x) { cout << #x << " = " << (x) << endl;}

template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false;}
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false;}

// 仮マクロ 便利だったら昇格
#define unique(v) v.erase( unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end())
// ここまで仮マクロ

// clock()/CLOCKS_PER_SEC 秒数を知りたいときに用いる

vector<ll> dx={1,0,-1,0};
vector<ll> dy={0,1,0,-1};

using pl = pair<ll,ll>;
using ppl = pair<pl,ll>;
// G.assign(n, vector<ll>()); グローバル変数にGを置く時に置く

// 関数を置くのはここ以下

int main() {
  cin.tie(nullptr);
  ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
  cout << fixed << setprecision(20);
  using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt<998244353>;
  ll n = in();
  ll a[n]; vcin(a,n); reverse(a,a+n);

  auto f = [&a,&n](auto self, ll l, ll r){
    mint ans = 1;
    if(r-l==1) return ans;

    ans *= self(self,l,l+(r-l)/2);
    ans *= self(self,l+(r-l)/2,r);

    // 分割統治でfpを生成する
    deque<FormalPowerSeries<mint>> dq;
    rep2(i,l,l+(r-l)/2){
      FormalPowerSeries<mint> g;
      g.eb(-a[i]);
      g.eb(1);
      dq.push_back(g);
    }
    while(dq.size()>=2){
      FormalPowerSeries<mint> p = dq.front();
      dq.pop_front();
      FormalPowerSeries<mint> q = dq.front();
      dq.pop_front();
      p *= q;
      dq.push_back(p);
    }

    // multipoint evaluationの取得したい部分
    vector<mint> v;
    rep2(i,l+(r-l)/2,r){
      v.eb(a[i]);
    }

    auto v2 = MultipointEvaluation(dq[0],v);
    each(x,v2) ans *= x;
    return ans;
  };
  
  ret(f(f,0,n))
}
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