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No.2674 k-Walk on Bipartite

レベル : / AI推定難易度 : 1500 / 実行時間制限 : 1ケース 2.000秒 / メモリ制限 : 512 MB / 標準ジャッジ問題
タグ : (解説公開後に AC するまで非表示) / 解いたユーザー数 55
作問者 : nu50218 / テスター : Xelmeph null ngtkana NokonoKotlin eoeo
お気に入りにしたユーザー ProblemId : 10651 / 自分の提出
問題文最終更新日: 2024-03-15 21:22:03
This statement was translated by AI (claude-opus-5-5, effort medium) and may contain errors or differ in nuance from the original. The original statement takes precedence. Back to the original
yukicoder contest 421 (NUPC2023) (順位表) の他の問題:

Problem Statement

For vertices $s, t$ of a graph, a route that starts at $s$ and reaches $t$ by repeating a move to an adjacent vertex $k$ times is called a walk of length $k$ from $s$ to $t$.

First, eoeo came up with the following problem.

頂点集合 $V$ と辺集合 $E$ からなる単純無向二部グラフ $G$ 、その頂点 $s, t$、正整数 $k$ が与えられます。
グラフ $G$ に $s$ から $t$ への長さ $k$ の歩道が存在するか判定してください。

However, this is too simple as it stands. nu50218 added a twist to the problem above: instead of the edge set $E$, the input gives $F$, which is obtained by deleting $0$ or more edges from $E$. Solve the following modified problem.

You are given the number of vertices $N$ of a simple undirected bipartite graph $G$, a subset $F \subseteq E$ of its edge set, vertices $s, t$, and a positive integer $k$.

Based only on the given information, print:

  • Yes if it is certain that a walk of length $k$ from $s$ to $t$ exists in the graph $G$,
  • No if it is certain that no such walk exists,
  • Unknown if neither of the above holds.

Formal Problem Statement

More strictly, considering every simple undirected bipartite graph $H$ with $N$ vertices that contains the graph $(V, F)$ as a subgraph,

  • print Yes if the graph $H$ always has a walk of length $k$ from $s$ to $t$,
  • print No if the graph $H$ never has a walk of length $k$ from $s$ to $t$,

and print Unknown if neither of the above holds.

Input

The input is given from Standard Input in the following format.

The $N$ vertices of the graph are numbered $1, 2, \dots, N$.

$M = |F|$, and $A_i, B_i$ are the endpoints of the $i$-th edge of $F$.

$N$ $M$
$s$ $t$ $k$
$A_1$ $B_1$
$A_2$ $B_2$
$\vdots$
$A_M$ $B_M$

Output

Print the answer on a single line to Standard Output, followed by a newline.

Constraints

The input satisfies the following constraints.

  • All input values are integers.
  • $1 \leq N \leq 2 \times 10^5$
  • $0 \leq M \leq 2 \times 10^5$
  • $1 \leq s, t \leq N$
  • $1 \leq k \leq 10^9$
  • $1 \leq A_i < B_i \leq N$
  • If $i \neq j$, then $(A_i, B_i) \neq (A_j, B_j)$
  • The graph $(V, F)$ is bipartite.

Sample

Sample 1
Input
4 3
1 4 5
1 2
2 3
3 4
Output
Yes

The edge set $E$ is either $F$ or $F$ with the edge $\{1, 4\}$ added. In the latter case, for example, $1 \rightarrow 4 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 2 \rightarrow 3 \rightarrow 4$ exists as a walk of length $5$ from vertex $1$ to vertex $4$.

Sample 2
Input
4 3
1 3 3
1 2
2 3
3 4
Output
No

The edge set $E$ is either $F$ or $F$ with the edge $\{1, 4\}$ added. In either case, it can be shown that no walk of length $3$ from vertex $1$ to vertex $3$ exists.

Sample 3
Input
4 3
1 4 1
1 2
2 3
3 4
Output
Unknown

The edge set $E$ is either $F$ or $F$ with the edge $\{1, 4\}$ added. In the latter case, for example, $1 \rightarrow 4$ exists as a walk of length $1$ from vertex $1$ to vertex $4$. On the other hand, it can be shown that no such walk exists in the former case.

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