結果
| 問題 |
No.3182 recurrence relation’s intersection sum
|
| コンテスト | |
| ユーザー |
 hato336
|
| 提出日時 | 2025-06-13 21:54:23 |
| 言語 | C++23 (gcc 13.3.0 + boost 1.87.0) |
| 結果 |
AC
|
| 実行時間 | 3 ms / 2,000 ms |
| コード長 | 37,002 bytes |
| コンパイル時間 | 5,065 ms |
| コンパイル使用メモリ | 326,476 KB |
| 実行使用メモリ | 7,844 KB |
| 最終ジャッジ日時 | 2025-06-13 21:54:38 |
| 合計ジャッジ時間 | 6,069 ms |
|
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報） |
judge4 / judge1 |
（要ログイン）
| ファイルパターン | 結果 |
|---|---|
| sample | AC * 3 |
| other | AC * 40 |
ソースコード
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define all(...) std::begin(__VA_ARGS__), std::end(__VA_ARGS__)
#define rall(...) std::rbegin(__VA_ARGS__), std::rend(__VA_ARGS__)
#define OVERLOAD_REP(_1, _2, _3, _4, name, ...) name
#define REP1(n) for(ll i=0;i<(n);i++)
#define REP2(i, n) for (ll i=0;i<(n);i++)
#define REP3(i, a, n) for (ll i=a;i<(n);i++)
#define REP4(i, a, b, n) for(ll i=a;i<(n);i+=b)
#define rep(...) OVERLOAD_REP(__VA_ARGS__, REP4, REP3, REP2, REP1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define OVERLOAD_RREP(_1, _2, _3, _4, name, ...) name
#define RREP1(n) for(ll i=(n)-1;i>=0;i--)
#define RREP2(i, n) for(ll i=(n)-1;i>=0;i--)
#define RREP3(i, a, n) for(ll i=(n)-1;i>=(a);i--)
#define RREP4(i, a, b, n) for(ll i=(n)-1;i>=(a);i-=(b))
#define rrep(...) OVERLOAD_RREP(__VA_ARGS__, RREP4, RREP3, RREP2, RREP1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define uniq(a) sort(all(a));a.erase(unique(all(a)),end(a))
#define len(n) (long long)(n).size()
using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using vi = vector<int>;
using vvi = vector<vi>;
using vvvi = vector<vvi>;
using vll = vector<ll>;
using vvll = vector<vll>;
using vvvll = vector<vvll>;
using vs = vector<string>;
using vvs = vector<vs>;
using vvvs = vector<vvs>;
using vld = vector<ld>;
using vvld = vector<vld>;
using vvvld = vector<vvld>;
using vc = vector<char>;
using vvc = vector<vc>;
using vvvc = vector<vvc>;
using pll = pair<ll,ll>;
using vpll = vector<pll>;
using vvpll = vector<vpll>;
ll intpow(ll a,ll b){
ll ans = 1;
while (b){
if (b & 1){
ans *= a;
}
a *= a;
b /= 2;
}
return ans;
}
ll modpow(ll a,ll b,ll c){
ll ans = 1;
while (b){
if (b & 1){
ans *= a;
ans %= c;
}
a *= a;
a %= c;
b /= 2;
}
return ans;
}
template<class... T>
void input(T&... a){
(cin >> ... >> a);
}
#define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define ULL(...) ull __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define CHA(...) char __VA_ARGS__; input(__VA_ARGS__)
#define VLL(name,length) vll name(length);rep(i,length){cin >> name[i];}
#define VVLL(name,h,w) vvll name(h,vll(w));rep(i,h)rep(j,w){cin >> name[i][j];}
#define VVVLL(name,a,b,c) vvvll name(a,vvll(b,vll(c)));rep(i,a)rep(j,b)rep(k,c){cin >> name[i][j][k];}
#define VI(name,length) vi name(length);rep(i,length){cin >> name[i];}
#define VVI(name,h,w) vvi name(h,vi(w));rep(i,h)rep(j,w){cin >> name[i][j];}
#define VVVI(name,a,b,c) vvvi name(a,vvll(b,vi(c)));rep(i,a)rep(j,b)rep(k,c){cin >> name[i][j][k];}
#define VLD(name,length) vld name(length);rep(i,length){cin >> name[i];}
#define VVLD(name,h,w) vvld name(h,vld(w));rep(i,h)rep(j,w){cin >> name[i][j];}
#define VVVLD(name,a,b,c) vvvld name(a,vvld(b,vld(c)));rep(i,a)rep(j,b)rep(k,c){cin >> name[i][j][k];}
#define VC(name,length) vc name(length);rep(i,length){cin >> name[i];}
#define VVC(name,h,w) vvc name(h,vc(w));rep(i,h)rep(j,w){cin >> name[i][j];}
#define VVVC(name,a,b,c) vvvc name(a,vvc(b,vc(c)));rep(i,a)rep(j,b)rep(k,c){cin >> name[i][j][k];}
#define VS(name,length) vs name(length);rep(i,length){cin >> name[i];}
#define VVS(name,h,w) vvs name(h,vs(w));rep(i,h)rep(j,w){cin >> name[i][j];}
#define VVVS(name,a,b,c) vvvs name(a,vvs(b,vs(c)));rep(i,a)rep(j,b)rep(k,c){cin >> name[i][j][k];}
#define PLL(name) pll name;cin>>name.first>>name.second;
#define VPLL(name,length) vpll name(length);rep(i,length){cin>>name[i].first>>name[i].second;}
void print(){cout << "\n";}
template <typename T1, typename T2>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::pair<T1, T2>& p) {
os << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")";
return os;
}
template <typename T>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::vector<T>& vec) {
os << "[";
for (size_t i = 0; i < vec.size(); ++i) {
os << vec[i];
if (i + 1 < vec.size()) os << ", ";
}
os << "]";
return os;
}
template <typename T1, typename T2>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::vector<std::pair<T1, T2>>& a) {
os << "[";
for (size_t j = 0; j < a.size(); ++j) {
os << "(" << a[j].first << ", " << a[j].second << ")";
if (j + 1 < a.size()) os << ", ";
}
os << "]";
return os;
}
template <typename T1, typename T2>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::vector<std::vector<std::pair<T1, T2>>>& mat) {
os << "[";
for (size_t i = 0; i < mat.size(); ++i) {
os << "[";
for (size_t j = 0; j < mat[i].size(); ++j) {
os << "(" << mat[i][j].first << ", " << mat[i][j].second << ")";
if (j + 1 < mat[i].size()) os << ", ";
}
os << "]";
if (i + 1 < mat.size()) os << ", ";
}
os << "]";
return os;
}
template <typename T>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::set<T>& s) {
os << "{";
bool first = true;
for (const auto& x : s) {
if (!first) os << ", ";
os << x;
first = false;
}
os << "}";
return os;
}
template <typename K, typename V>
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& os, const std::map<K, V>& m) {
os << "{";
bool first = true;
for (const auto& [key, val] : m) {
if (!first) os << ", ";
os << key << ": " << val;
first = false;
}
os << "}";
return os;
}
template<class T, class... Ts>
void print(const T& a, const Ts&... b){cout << a;(cout << ... << (cout << ' ', b));cout << '\n';}
void write(){cout << "\n";}
template<class T, class... Ts>
void write(const T& a, const Ts&... b){cout << a;(cout << ... << (cout << ' ', b));cout << '\n';}
void write(vll x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i];if(i!=len(x)-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvll x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j];if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vi x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i];if(i!=len(x)-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvi x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j];if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvvi x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i]))rep(k,len(x[i][j])){cout << x[i][j][k];if(k!=len(x[i][j])-1){cout << " ";}else if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " | ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vld x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i];if(i!=len(x)-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvld x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j];if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvvld x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i]))rep(k,len(x[i][j])){cout << x[i][j][k];if(k!=len(x[i][j])-1){cout << " ";}else if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " | ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vc x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i];if(i!=len(x)-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvc x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j];if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvvc x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i]))rep(k,len(x[i][j])){cout << x[i][j][k];if(k!=len(x[i][j])-1){cout << " ";}else if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " | ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vs x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i];if(i!=len(x)-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvs x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j];if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(vvvs x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i]))rep(k,len(x[i][j])){cout << x[i][j][k];if(k!=len(x[i][j])-1){cout << " ";}else if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " | ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
void write(pll x){cout << x.first << ' ' << x.second << '\n';}
void write(vpll x){rep(i,len(x)){cout << x[i].first << ' ' << x[i].second << '\n';}}
void write(vvpll x){rep(i,len(x))rep(j,len(x[i])){cout << x[i][j].first << ' ' << x[i][j].second;if(j!=len(x[i])-1){cout << " ";}else{cout << '\n';}}}
template <typename T>
T sum(const std::vector<T>& v) {
return std::accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), T(0));
}
template<class T> bool chmin(T& a, const T& b){ if(a > b){ a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T> bool chmax(T& a, const T& b){ if(a < b){ a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T, class U> bool chmin(T& a, const U& b){ if(a > T(b)){ a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T, class U> bool chmax(T& a, const U& b){ if(a < T(b)){ a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
//https://nyaannyaan.github.io/library/multiplicative-function/divisor-multiple-transform.hpp
#line 2 "modint/arbitrary-montgomery-modint.hpp"
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <typename Int, typename UInt, typename Long, typename ULong, int id>
struct ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase {
using mint = ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase;
inline static UInt mod;
inline static UInt r;
inline static UInt n2;
static constexpr int bit_length = sizeof(UInt) * 8;
static UInt get_r() {
UInt ret = mod;
while (mod * ret != 1) ret *= UInt(2) - mod * ret;
return ret;
}
static void set_mod(UInt m) {
assert(m < (UInt(1u) << (bit_length - 2)));
assert((m & 1) == 1);
mod = m, n2 = -ULong(m) % m, r = get_r();
}
UInt a;
ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase() : a(0) {}
ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase(const Long &b)
: a(reduce(ULong(b % mod + mod) * n2)){};
static UInt reduce(const ULong &b) {
return (b + ULong(UInt(b) * UInt(-r)) * mod) >> bit_length;
}
mint &operator+=(const mint &b) {
if (Int(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
mint &operator-=(const mint &b) {
if (Int(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
mint &operator*=(const mint &b) {
a = reduce(ULong(a) * b.a);
return *this;
}
mint &operator/=(const mint &b) {
*this *= b.inverse();
return *this;
}
mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; }
mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; }
mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; }
mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; }
bool operator==(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
bool operator!=(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
mint operator-() const { return mint(0) - mint(*this); }
mint operator+() const { return mint(*this); }
mint pow(ULong n) const {
mint ret(1), mul(*this);
while (n > 0) {
if (n & 1) ret *= mul;
mul *= mul, n >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) {
return os << b.get();
}
friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) {
Long t;
is >> t;
b = ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase(t);
return (is);
}
mint inverse() const {
Int x = get(), y = get_mod(), u = 1, v = 0;
while (y > 0) {
Int t = x / y;
swap(x -= t * y, y);
swap(u -= t * v, v);
}
return mint{u};
}
UInt get() const {
UInt ret = reduce(a);
return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret;
}
static UInt get_mod() { return mod; }
};
// id に適当な乱数を割り当てて使う
template <int id>
using ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt =
ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase<int, unsigned int, long long,
unsigned long long, id>;
template <int id>
using ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModInt64bit =
ArbitraryLazyMontgomeryModIntBase<long long, unsigned long long, __int128_t,
__uint128_t, id>;
#line 2 "multiplicative-function/divisor-multiple-transform.hpp"
#include <map>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;
#line 2 "prime/prime-enumerate.hpp"
// Prime Sieve {2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, ...}
vector<int> prime_enumerate(int N) {
vector<bool> sieve(N / 3 + 1, 1);
for (int p = 5, d = 4, i = 1, sqn = sqrt(N); p <= sqn; p += d = 6 - d, i++) {
if (!sieve[i]) continue;
for (int q = p * p / 3, r = d * p / 3 + (d * p % 3 == 2), s = 2 * p,
qe = sieve.size();
q < qe; q += r = s - r)
sieve[q] = 0;
}
vector<int> ret{2, 3};
for (int p = 5, d = 4, i = 1; p <= N; p += d = 6 - d, i++)
if (sieve[i]) ret.push_back(p);
while (!ret.empty() && ret.back() > N) ret.pop_back();
return ret;
}
#line 8 "multiplicative-function/divisor-multiple-transform.hpp"
struct divisor_transform {
template <typename T>
static void zeta_transform(vector<T> &a) {
int N = a.size() - 1;
auto sieve = prime_enumerate(N);
for (auto &p : sieve)
for (int k = 1; k * p <= N; ++k) a[k * p] += a[k];
}
template <typename T>
static void mobius_transform(vector<T> &a) {
int N = a.size() - 1;
auto sieve = prime_enumerate(N);
for (auto &p : sieve)
for (int k = N / p; k > 0; --k) a[k * p] -= a[k];
}
template <typename I, typename T>
static void zeta_transform(map<I, T> &a) {
for (auto p = rbegin(a); p != rend(a); p++)
for (auto &x : a) {
if (p->first == x.first) break;
if (p->first % x.first == 0) p->second += x.second;
}
}
template <typename I, typename T>
static void mobius_transform(map<I, T> &a) {
for (auto &x : a) {
for (auto p = rbegin(a); p != rend(a); p++) {
if (x.first == p->first) break;
if (p->first % x.first == 0) p->second -= x.second;
}
}
}
};
struct multiple_transform {
template <typename T>
static void zeta_transform(vector<T> &a) {
int N = a.size() - 1;
auto sieve = prime_enumerate(N);
for (auto &p : sieve)
for (int k = N / p; k > 0; --k) a[k] += a[k * p];
}
template <typename T>
static void mobius_transform(vector<T> &a) {
int N = a.size() - 1;
auto sieve = prime_enumerate(N);
for (auto &p : sieve)
for (int k = 1; k * p <= N; ++k) a[k] -= a[k * p];
}
template <typename I, typename T>
static void zeta_transform(map<I, T> &a) {
for (auto &x : a)
for (auto p = rbegin(a); p->first != x.first; p++)
if (p->first % x.first == 0) x.second += p->second;
}
template <typename I, typename T>
static void mobius_transform(map<I, T> &a) {
for (auto p1 = rbegin(a); p1 != rend(a); p1++)
for (auto p2 = rbegin(a); p2 != p1; p2++)
if (p2->first % p1->first == 0) p1->second -= p2->second;
}
};
/**
* @brief 倍数変換・約数変換
* @docs docs/multiplicative-function/divisor-multiple-transform.md
*/
#line 2 "fps/nth-term.hpp"
#line 2 "fps/berlekamp-massey.hpp"
template <typename mint>
vector<mint> BerlekampMassey(const vector<mint> &s) {
const int N = (int)s.size();
vector<mint> b, c;
b.reserve(N + 1);
c.reserve(N + 1);
b.push_back(mint(1));
c.push_back(mint(1));
mint y = mint(1);
for (int ed = 1; ed <= N; ed++) {
int l = int(c.size()), m = int(b.size());
mint x = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < l; i++) x += c[i] * s[ed - l + i];
b.emplace_back(mint(0));
m++;
if (x == mint(0)) continue;
mint freq = x / y;
if (l < m) {
auto tmp = c;
c.insert(begin(c), m - l, mint(0));
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) c[m - 1 - i] -= freq * b[m - 1 - i];
b = tmp;
y = x;
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) c[l - 1 - i] -= freq * b[m - 1 - i];
}
}
reverse(begin(c), end(c));
return c;
}
#line 2 "fps/kitamasa.hpp"
#line 2 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
#line 2 "fps/ntt-friendly-fps.hpp"
#line 2 "ntt/ntt.hpp"
template <typename mint>
struct NTT {
static constexpr uint32_t get_pr() {
uint32_t _mod = mint::get_mod();
using u64 = uint64_t;
u64 ds[32] = {};
int idx = 0;
u64 m = _mod - 1;
for (u64 i = 2; i * i <= m; ++i) {
if (m % i == 0) {
ds[idx++] = i;
while (m % i == 0) m /= i;
}
}
if (m != 1) ds[idx++] = m;
uint32_t _pr = 2;
while (1) {
int flg = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < idx; ++i) {
u64 a = _pr, b = (_mod - 1) / ds[i], r = 1;
while (b) {
if (b & 1) r = r * a % _mod;
a = a * a % _mod;
b >>= 1;
}
if (r == 1) {
flg = 0;
break;
}
}
if (flg == 1) break;
++_pr;
}
return _pr;
};
static constexpr uint32_t mod = mint::get_mod();
static constexpr uint32_t pr = get_pr();
static constexpr int level = __builtin_ctzll(mod - 1);
mint dw[level], dy[level];
void setwy(int k) {
mint w[level], y[level];
w[k - 1] = mint(pr).pow((mod - 1) / (1 << k));
y[k - 1] = w[k - 1].inverse();
for (int i = k - 2; i > 0; --i)
w[i] = w[i + 1] * w[i + 1], y[i] = y[i + 1] * y[i + 1];
dw[1] = w[1], dy[1] = y[1], dw[2] = w[2], dy[2] = y[2];
for (int i = 3; i < k; ++i) {
dw[i] = dw[i - 1] * y[i - 2] * w[i];
dy[i] = dy[i - 1] * w[i - 2] * y[i];
}
}
NTT() { setwy(level); }
void fft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
if (k == 1) {
mint a1 = a[1];
a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
a[0] = a[0] + a1;
return;
}
if (k & 1) {
int v = 1 << (k - 1);
for (int j = 0; j < v; ++j) {
mint ajv = a[j + v];
a[j + v] = a[j] - ajv;
a[j] += ajv;
}
}
int u = 1 << (2 + (k & 1));
int v = 1 << (k - 2 - (k & 1));
mint one = mint(1);
mint imag = dw[1];
while (v) {
// jh = 0
{
int j0 = 0;
int j1 = v;
int j2 = j1 + v;
int j3 = j2 + v;
for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j1] = t0p2 - t1p3;
a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j3] = t0m2 - t1m3;
}
}
// jh >= 1
mint ww = one, xx = one * dw[2], wx = one;
for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
ww = xx * xx, wx = ww * xx;
int j0 = jh * v;
int je = j0 + v;
int j2 = je + v;
for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v] * xx, t2 = a[j2] * ww,
t3 = a[j2 + v] * wx;
mint t0p2 = t0 + t2, t1p3 = t1 + t3;
mint t0m2 = t0 - t2, t1m3 = (t1 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p2 + t1p3, a[j0 + v] = t0p2 - t1p3;
a[j2] = t0m2 + t1m3, a[j2 + v] = t0m2 - t1m3;
}
xx *= dw[__builtin_ctzll((jh += 4))];
}
u <<= 2;
v >>= 2;
}
}
void ifft4(vector<mint> &a, int k) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
if (k == 1) {
mint a1 = a[1];
a[1] = a[0] - a[1];
a[0] = a[0] + a1;
return;
}
int u = 1 << (k - 2);
int v = 1;
mint one = mint(1);
mint imag = dy[1];
while (u) {
// jh = 0
{
int j0 = 0;
int j1 = v;
int j2 = v + v;
int j3 = j2 + v;
for (; j0 < v; ++j0, ++j1, ++j2, ++j3) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j1], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j3];
mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
mint t0m1 = t0 - t1, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * imag;
a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = t0p1 - t2p3;
a[j1] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j3] = t0m1 - t2m3;
}
}
// jh >= 1
mint ww = one, xx = one * dy[2], yy = one;
u <<= 2;
for (int jh = 4; jh < u;) {
ww = xx * xx, yy = xx * imag;
int j0 = jh * v;
int je = j0 + v;
int j2 = je + v;
for (; j0 < je; ++j0, ++j2) {
mint t0 = a[j0], t1 = a[j0 + v], t2 = a[j2], t3 = a[j2 + v];
mint t0p1 = t0 + t1, t2p3 = t2 + t3;
mint t0m1 = (t0 - t1) * xx, t2m3 = (t2 - t3) * yy;
a[j0] = t0p1 + t2p3, a[j2] = (t0p1 - t2p3) * ww;
a[j0 + v] = t0m1 + t2m3, a[j2 + v] = (t0m1 - t2m3) * ww;
}
xx *= dy[__builtin_ctzll(jh += 4)];
}
u >>= 4;
v <<= 2;
}
if (k & 1) {
u = 1 << (k - 1);
for (int j = 0; j < u; ++j) {
mint ajv = a[j] - a[j + u];
a[j] += a[j + u];
a[j + u] = ajv;
}
}
}
void ntt(vector<mint> &a) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
fft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
}
void intt(vector<mint> &a) {
if ((int)a.size() <= 1) return;
ifft4(a, __builtin_ctz(a.size()));
mint iv = mint(a.size()).inverse();
for (auto &x : a) x *= iv;
}
vector<mint> multiply(const vector<mint> &a, const vector<mint> &b) {
int l = a.size() + b.size() - 1;
if (min<int>(a.size(), b.size()) <= 40) {
vector<mint> s(l);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i)
for (int j = 0; j < (int)b.size(); ++j) s[i + j] += a[i] * b[j];
return s;
}
int k = 2, M = 4;
while (M < l) M <<= 1, ++k;
setwy(k);
vector<mint> s(M);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)a.size(); ++i) s[i] = a[i];
fft4(s, k);
if (a.size() == b.size() && a == b) {
for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= s[i];
} else {
vector<mint> t(M);
for (int i = 0; i < (int)b.size(); ++i) t[i] = b[i];
fft4(t, k);
for (int i = 0; i < M; ++i) s[i] *= t[i];
}
ifft4(s, k);
s.resize(l);
mint invm = mint(M).inverse();
for (int i = 0; i < l; ++i) s[i] *= invm;
return s;
}
void ntt_doubling(vector<mint> &a) {
int M = (int)a.size();
auto b = a;
intt(b);
mint r = 1, zeta = mint(pr).pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (M << 1));
for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) b[i] *= r, r *= zeta;
ntt(b);
copy(begin(b), end(b), back_inserter(a));
}
};
#line 2 "fps/formal-power-series.hpp"
template <typename mint>
struct FormalPowerSeries : vector<mint> {
using vector<mint>::vector;
using FPS = FormalPowerSeries;
FPS &operator+=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator+=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] += r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const FPS &r) {
if (r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i];
return *this;
}
FPS &operator-=(const mint &r) {
if (this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] -= r;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator*=(const mint &v) {
for (int k = 0; k < (int)this->size(); k++) (*this)[k] *= v;
return *this;
}
FPS &operator/=(const FPS &r) {
if (this->size() < r.size()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1;
if ((int)r.size() <= 64) {
FPS f(*this), g(r);
g.shrink();
mint coeff = g.back().inverse();
for (auto &x : g) x *= coeff;
int deg = (int)f.size() - (int)g.size() + 1;
int gs = g.size();
FPS quo(deg);
for (int i = deg - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
quo[i] = f[i + gs - 1];
for (int j = 0; j < gs; j++) f[i + j] -= quo[i] * g[j];
}
*this = quo * coeff;
this->resize(n, mint(0));
return *this;
}
return *this = ((*this).rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev();
}
FPS &operator%=(const FPS &r) {
*this -= *this / r * r;
shrink();
return *this;
}
FPS operator+(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) += r; }
FPS operator+(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) += v; }
FPS operator-(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) -= r; }
FPS operator-(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) -= v; }
FPS operator*(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) *= r; }
FPS operator*(const mint &v) const { return FPS(*this) *= v; }
FPS operator/(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) /= r; }
FPS operator%(const FPS &r) const { return FPS(*this) %= r; }
FPS operator-() const {
FPS ret(this->size());
for (int i = 0; i < (int)this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i];
return ret;
}
void shrink() {
while (this->size() && this->back() == mint(0)) this->pop_back();
}
FPS rev() const {
FPS ret(*this);
reverse(begin(ret), end(ret));
return ret;
}
FPS dot(FPS r) const {
FPS ret(min(this->size(), r.size()));
for (int i = 0; i < (int)ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i];
return ret;
}
// 前 sz 項を取ってくる。sz に足りない項は 0 埋めする
FPS pre(int sz) const {
FPS ret(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int)this->size(), sz));
if ((int)ret.size() < sz) ret.resize(sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator>>(int sz) const {
if ((int)this->size() <= sz) return {};
FPS ret(*this);
ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz);
return ret;
}
FPS operator<<(int sz) const {
FPS ret(*this);
ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, mint(0));
return ret;
}
FPS diff() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(max(0, n - 1));
mint one(1), coeff(1);
for (int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * coeff;
coeff += one;
}
return ret;
}
FPS integral() const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
FPS ret(n + 1);
ret[0] = mint(0);
if (n > 0) ret[1] = mint(1);
auto mod = mint::get_mod();
for (int i = 2; i <= n; i++) ret[i] = (-ret[mod % i]) * (mod / i);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] *= (*this)[i];
return ret;
}
mint eval(mint x) const {
mint r = 0, w = 1;
for (auto &v : *this) r += w * v, w *= x;
return r;
}
FPS log(int deg = -1) const {
assert(!(*this).empty() && (*this)[0] == mint(1));
if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral();
}
FPS pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const {
const int n = (int)this->size();
if (deg == -1) deg = n;
if (k == 0) {
FPS ret(deg);
if (deg) ret[0] = 1;
return ret;
}
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if ((*this)[i] != mint(0)) {
mint rev = mint(1) / (*this)[i];
FPS ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg);
ret *= (*this)[i].pow(k);
ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg);
if ((int)ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, mint(0));
return ret;
}
if (__int128_t(i + 1) * k >= deg) return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
return FPS(deg, mint(0));
}
static void *ntt_ptr;
static void set_fft();
FPS &operator*=(const FPS &r);
void ntt();
void intt();
void ntt_doubling();
static int ntt_pr();
FPS inv(int deg = -1) const;
FPS exp(int deg = -1) const;
};
template <typename mint>
void *FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr = nullptr;
/**
* @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ
* @docs docs/fps/formal-power-series.md
*/
#line 5 "fps/ntt-friendly-fps.hpp"
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::set_fft() {
if (!ntt_ptr) ntt_ptr = new NTT<mint>;
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint>& FormalPowerSeries<mint>::operator*=(
const FormalPowerSeries<mint>& r) {
if (this->empty() || r.empty()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
set_fft();
auto ret = static_cast<NTT<mint>*>(ntt_ptr)->multiply(*this, r);
return *this = FormalPowerSeries<mint>(ret.begin(), ret.end());
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt() {
set_fft();
static_cast<NTT<mint>*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt(*this);
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::intt() {
set_fft();
static_cast<NTT<mint>*>(ntt_ptr)->intt(*this);
}
template <typename mint>
void FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_doubling() {
set_fft();
static_cast<NTT<mint>*>(ntt_ptr)->ntt_doubling(*this);
}
template <typename mint>
int FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_pr() {
set_fft();
return static_cast<NTT<mint>*>(ntt_ptr)->pr;
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::inv(int deg) const {
assert((*this)[0] != mint(0));
if (deg == -1) deg = (int)this->size();
FormalPowerSeries<mint> res(deg);
res[0] = {mint(1) / (*this)[0]};
for (int d = 1; d < deg; d <<= 1) {
FormalPowerSeries<mint> f(2 * d), g(2 * d);
for (int j = 0; j < min((int)this->size(), 2 * d); j++) f[j] = (*this)[j];
for (int j = 0; j < d; j++) g[j] = res[j];
f.ntt();
g.ntt();
for (int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j];
f.intt();
for (int j = 0; j < d; j++) f[j] = 0;
f.ntt();
for (int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j];
f.intt();
for (int j = d; j < min(2 * d, deg); j++) res[j] = -f[j];
}
return res.pre(deg);
}
template <typename mint>
FormalPowerSeries<mint> FormalPowerSeries<mint>::exp(int deg) const {
using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
assert((*this).size() == 0 || (*this)[0] == mint(0));
if (deg == -1) deg = this->size();
fps inv;
inv.reserve(deg + 1);
inv.push_back(mint(0));
inv.push_back(mint(1));
auto inplace_integral = [&](fps& F) -> void {
const int n = (int)F.size();
auto mod = mint::get_mod();
while ((int)inv.size() <= n) {
int i = inv.size();
inv.push_back((-inv[mod % i]) * (mod / i));
}
F.insert(begin(F), mint(0));
for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) F[i] *= inv[i];
};
auto inplace_diff = [](fps& F) -> void {
if (F.empty()) return;
F.erase(begin(F));
mint coeff = 1, one = 1;
for (int i = 0; i < (int)F.size(); i++) {
F[i] *= coeff;
coeff += one;
}
};
fps b{1, 1 < (int)this->size() ? (*this)[1] : 0}, c{1}, z1, z2{1, 1};
for (int m = 2; m < deg; m *= 2) {
auto y = b;
y.resize(2 * m);
y.ntt();
z1 = z2;
fps z(m);
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) z[i] = y[i] * z1[i];
z.intt();
fill(begin(z), begin(z) + m / 2, mint(0));
z.ntt();
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) z[i] *= -z1[i];
z.intt();
c.insert(end(c), begin(z) + m / 2, end(z));
z2 = c;
z2.resize(2 * m);
z2.ntt();
fps x(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min<int>(this->size(), m));
x.resize(m);
inplace_diff(x);
x.push_back(mint(0));
x.ntt();
for (int i = 0; i < m; ++i) x[i] *= y[i];
x.intt();
x -= b.diff();
x.resize(2 * m);
for (int i = 0; i < m - 1; ++i) x[m + i] = x[i], x[i] = mint(0);
x.ntt();
for (int i = 0; i < 2 * m; ++i) x[i] *= z2[i];
x.intt();
x.pop_back();
inplace_integral(x);
for (int i = m; i < min<int>(this->size(), 2 * m); ++i) x[i] += (*this)[i];
fill(begin(x), begin(x) + m, mint(0));
x.ntt();
for (int i = 0; i < 2 * m; ++i) x[i] *= y[i];
x.intt();
b.insert(end(b), begin(x) + m, end(x));
}
return fps{begin(b), begin(b) + deg};
}
/**
* @brief NTT mod用FPSライブラリ
* @docs docs/fps/ntt-friendly-fps.md
*/
/**
* @brief 多項式/形式的冪級数ライブラリ
* @docs docs/fps/formal-power-series.md
*/
#line 4 "fps/kitamasa.hpp"
template <typename mint>
mint LinearRecurrence(long long k, FormalPowerSeries<mint> Q,
FormalPowerSeries<mint> P) {
Q.shrink();
mint ret = 0;
if (P.size() >= Q.size()) {
auto R = P / Q;
P -= R * Q;
P.shrink();
if (k < (int)R.size()) ret += R[k];
}
if ((int)P.size() == 0) return ret;
FormalPowerSeries<mint>::set_fft();
if (FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_ptr == nullptr) {
P.resize((int)Q.size() - 1);
while (k) {
auto Q2 = Q;
for (int i = 1; i < (int)Q2.size(); i += 2) Q2[i] = -Q2[i];
auto S = P * Q2;
auto T = Q * Q2;
if (k & 1) {
for (int i = 1; i < (int)S.size(); i += 2) P[i >> 1] = S[i];
for (int i = 0; i < (int)T.size(); i += 2) Q[i >> 1] = T[i];
} else {
for (int i = 0; i < (int)S.size(); i += 2) P[i >> 1] = S[i];
for (int i = 0; i < (int)T.size(); i += 2) Q[i >> 1] = T[i];
}
k >>= 1;
}
return ret + P[0];
} else {
int N = 1;
while (N < (int)Q.size()) N <<= 1;
P.resize(2 * N);
Q.resize(2 * N);
P.ntt();
Q.ntt();
vector<mint> S(2 * N), T(2 * N);
vector<int> btr(N);
for (int i = 0, logn = __builtin_ctz(N); i < (1 << logn); i++) {
btr[i] = (btr[i >> 1] >> 1) + ((i & 1) << (logn - 1));
}
mint dw = mint(FormalPowerSeries<mint>::ntt_pr())
.inverse()
.pow((mint::get_mod() - 1) / (2 * N));
while (k) {
mint inv2 = mint(2).inverse();
// even degree of Q(x)Q(-x)
T.resize(N);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) T[i] = Q[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1];
S.resize(N);
if (k & 1) {
// odd degree of P(x)Q(-x)
for (auto &i : btr) {
S[i] = (P[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1] -
P[(i << 1) | 1] * Q[(i << 1) | 0]) *
inv2;
inv2 *= dw;
}
} else {
// even degree of P(x)Q(-x)
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
S[i] = (P[(i << 1) | 0] * Q[(i << 1) | 1] +
P[(i << 1) | 1] * Q[(i << 1) | 0]) *
inv2;
}
}
swap(P, S);
swap(Q, T);
k >>= 1;
if (k < N) break;
P.ntt_doubling();
Q.ntt_doubling();
}
P.intt();
Q.intt();
return ret + (P * (Q.inv()))[k];
}
}
template <typename mint>
mint kitamasa(long long N, FormalPowerSeries<mint> Q,
FormalPowerSeries<mint> a) {
assert(!Q.empty() && Q[0] != 0);
if (N < (int)a.size()) return a[N];
assert((int)a.size() >= int(Q.size()) - 1);
auto P = a.pre((int)Q.size() - 1) * Q;
P.resize(Q.size() - 1);
return LinearRecurrence<mint>(N, Q, P);
}
/**
* @brief 線形漸化式の高速計算
* @docs docs/fps/kitamasa.md
*/
#line 5 "fps/nth-term.hpp"
template <typename mint>
mint nth_term(long long n, const vector<mint> &s) {
using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
auto bm = BerlekampMassey<mint>(s);
return kitamasa(n, fps{begin(bm), end(bm)}, fps{begin(s), end(s)});
}
/**
* @brief 線形回帰数列の高速計算(Berlekamp-Massey/Bostan-Mori)
* @docs docs/fps/nth-term.md
*/
#line 2 "modint/montgomery-modint.hpp"
template <uint32_t mod>
struct LazyMontgomeryModInt {
using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt;
using i32 = int32_t;
using u32 = uint32_t;
using u64 = uint64_t;
static constexpr u32 get_r() {
u32 ret = mod;
for (i32 i = 0; i < 4; ++i) ret *= 2 - mod * ret;
return ret;
}
static constexpr u32 r = get_r();
static constexpr u32 n2 = -u64(mod) % mod;
static_assert(mod < (1 << 30), "invalid, mod >= 2 ^ 30");
static_assert((mod & 1) == 1, "invalid, mod % 2 == 0");
static_assert(r * mod == 1, "this code has bugs.");
u32 a;
constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt() : a(0) {}
constexpr LazyMontgomeryModInt(const int64_t &b)
: a(reduce(u64(b % mod + mod) * n2)){};
static constexpr u32 reduce(const u64 &b) {
return (b + u64(u32(b) * u32(-r)) * mod) >> 32;
}
constexpr mint &operator+=(const mint &b) {
if (i32(a += b.a - 2 * mod) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator-=(const mint &b) {
if (i32(a -= b.a) < 0) a += 2 * mod;
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator*=(const mint &b) {
a = reduce(u64(a) * b.a);
return *this;
}
constexpr mint &operator/=(const mint &b) {
*this *= b.inverse();
return *this;
}
constexpr mint operator+(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) += b; }
constexpr mint operator-(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) -= b; }
constexpr mint operator*(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) *= b; }
constexpr mint operator/(const mint &b) const { return mint(*this) /= b; }
constexpr bool operator==(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) == (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
constexpr bool operator!=(const mint &b) const {
return (a >= mod ? a - mod : a) != (b.a >= mod ? b.a - mod : b.a);
}
constexpr mint operator-() const { return mint() - mint(*this); }
constexpr mint operator+() const { return mint(*this); }
constexpr mint pow(u64 n) const {
mint ret(1), mul(*this);
while (n > 0) {
if (n & 1) ret *= mul;
mul *= mul;
n >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
constexpr mint inverse() const {
int x = get(), y = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t = 0, tmp = 0;
while (y > 0) {
t = x / y;
x -= t * y, u -= t * v;
tmp = x, x = y, y = tmp;
tmp = u, u = v, v = tmp;
}
return mint{u};
}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const mint &b) {
return os << b.get();
}
friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, mint &b) {
int64_t t;
is >> t;
b = LazyMontgomeryModInt<mod>(t);
return (is);
}
constexpr u32 get() const {
u32 ret = reduce(a);
return ret >= mod ? ret - mod : ret;
}
static constexpr u32 get_mod() { return mod; }
};
using mint = LazyMontgomeryModInt<998244353>;
using fps = FormalPowerSeries<mint>;
int main(){
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
std::cin.tie(nullptr);
LL(k,l,r);
vector<mint> a;
a.push_back(1);
rep(i,1000){
a.push_back(a.back() * k + mint(i).pow(k) + mint(k).pow(i));
}
rep(i,len(a)-1){
a[i+1] += a[i];
}
mint x = (l>=1?nth_term(l-1,a):mint(0));
mint y = nth_term(r,a);
write(y-x);
}