結果

問題 No.995 タピオカオイシクナーレ
ユーザー へのくへのく
提出日時 2020-06-22 16:22:42
言語 Rust
(1.77.0 + proconio)
結果
AC  
実行時間 12 ms / 2,000 ms
コード長 24,928 bytes
コンパイル時間 12,522 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ 389,460 KB
実行使用メモリ 6,948 KB
最終ジャッジ日時 2024-07-03 18:41:54
合計ジャッジ時間 14,342 ms
ジャッジサーバーID
(参考情報)
judge2 / judge3
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力 結果 実行時間
実行使用メモリ
testcase_00 AC 1 ms
6,812 KB
testcase_01 AC 0 ms
6,812 KB
testcase_02 AC 1 ms
6,812 KB
testcase_03 AC 0 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_04 AC 1 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_05 AC 1 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_06 AC 1 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_07 AC 1 ms
6,948 KB
testcase_08 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_09 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_10 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_11 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_12 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_13 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_14 AC 1 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_15 AC 1 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_16 AC 12 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_17 AC 11 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_18 AC 11 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_19 AC 11 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_20 AC 11 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_21 AC 12 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_22 AC 11 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_23 AC 12 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_24 AC 12 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_25 AC 12 ms
6,940 KB
権限があれば一括ダウンロードができます

ソースコード

diff #

#![allow(unused_imports, non_snake_case)]
#![allow(dead_code)]
use crate::nums::{dot, matrix_mul, matrix_pow};
use crate::scanner::Scanner;
modint!();
fn main() {
    let mut scan = Scanner::new();
    let n = scan.read::<i32>();
    let m = scan.read::<i32>();
    let k = scan.read::<i64>();
    let p = Z::new(scan.read::<i64>());
    let q = Z::new(scan.read::<i64>());
    let b = scan.readn::<i64>(n).map(|x| Z::new(x));
    let mat = list! { list ! ( Z :: new ( 1 ) - p / q , p / q ) , list ! ( p / q , Z :: new ( 1 ) - p / q ) };
    let mat_k = matrix_pow(&mat, k);
    let prob_from_tea_to_tea = mat_k[0][0];
    let prob_from_kit_to_tea = mat_k[0][1];
    let mut ret = Z::new(0);
    for i in 0..n {
        if i < m {
            ret += b[i] * prob_from_tea_to_tea;
        } else {
            ret += b[i] * prob_from_kit_to_tea;
        }
    }
    println!("{}", ret);
}
pub mod ext {
    pub mod range {
        use crate::independent::integer::Int;
        use std::cmp::{max, min};
        use std::ops::{Bound, Range, RangeBounds, RangeInclusive};
        pub trait RangeEx<T> {
            fn width(&self) -> T;
            fn empty(&self) -> bool;
            fn contain_range(&self, inner: &Self) -> bool;
            fn separate_range(&self, other: &Self) -> bool;
            type ReturnRange;
            fn overlap(&self, other: &Self) -> Self::ReturnRange;
        }
        impl<T: Int> RangeEx<T> for Range<T> {
            fn width(&self) -> T {
                if self.empty() {
                    T::zero()
                } else {
                    self.end - self.start
                }
            }
            fn empty(&self) -> bool {
                !(self.start < self.end)
            }
            fn contain_range(&self, inner: &Self) -> bool {
                self.start <= inner.start && inner.end <= self.end
            }
            fn separate_range(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
                self.end <= other.start || other.end <= self.start
            }
            type ReturnRange = Range<T>;
            fn overlap(&self, other: &Self) -> Self::ReturnRange {
                let left = max(self.start, other.start);
                let right = min(self.end, other.end);
                left..right
            }
        }
        impl<T: Int> RangeEx<T> for RangeInclusive<T> {
            fn width(&self) -> T {
                if self.empty() {
                    T::zero()
                } else {
                    *self.end() - *self.start() + T::one()
                }
            }
            fn empty(&self) -> bool {
                !(self.start() <= self.end())
            }
            fn contain_range(&self, inner: &Self) -> bool {
                self.start() <= inner.start() && inner.end() <= self.end()
            }
            fn separate_range(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
                self.end() <= other.start() || other.end() <= self.start()
            }
            type ReturnRange = RangeInclusive<T>;
            fn overlap(&self, other: &Self) -> Self::ReturnRange {
                let left = *max(self.start(), other.start());
                let right = *min(self.end(), other.end());
                left..=right
            }
        }
        pub trait IntRangeBounds<U: Int>: RangeBounds<U> {
            #[doc = " inclusive"]
            fn lower_bound(&self, lower_bound: U) -> U {
                match self.start_bound() {
                    Bound::Included(x) => max(lower_bound, *x),
                    Bound::Excluded(x) => max(lower_bound, *x + U::one()),
                    Bound::Unbounded => lower_bound,
                }
            }
            #[doc = " exclusive"]
            fn upper_bound(&self, upper_bound: U) -> U {
                match self.end_bound() {
                    Bound::Included(x) => min(upper_bound, *x + U::one()),
                    Bound::Excluded(x) => min(upper_bound, *x),
                    Bound::Unbounded => upper_bound,
                }
            }
            fn to_harfopen(&self, lb: U, ub: U) -> Range<U> {
                self.lower_bound(lb)..self.upper_bound(ub)
            }
        }
        impl<T: ?Sized, U: Int> IntRangeBounds<U> for T where T: RangeBounds<U> {}
    }
}
pub mod arraylist {
    use crate::{ext::range::IntRangeBounds, independent::integer::Int};
    use std::fmt::Formatter;
    use std::iter::FromIterator;
    use std::ops::{Index, IndexMut, RangeBounds};
    use std::slice::Iter;
    #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
    pub struct List<T> {
        pub vec: Vec<T>,
    }
    impl<T> List<T> {
        #[inline]
        pub fn new() -> List<T> {
            List { vec: vec![] }
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn init(init: T, n: i32) -> List<T>
        where
            T: Clone,
        {
            List {
                vec: vec![init; n as usize],
            }
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn from_vec(vec: Vec<T>) -> List<T> {
            List { vec }
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn ilen(&self) -> i32 {
            self.vec.len() as i32
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_, T> {
            self.vec.iter()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn push(&mut self, item: T) {
            self.vec.push(item);
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn sort(&mut self)
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.vec.sort();
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn reverse(&mut self) {
            self.vec.reverse();
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn sort_by<F>(&mut self, compare: F)
        where
            F: FnMut(&T, &T) -> std::cmp::Ordering,
        {
            self.vec.sort_by(compare)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn sort_by_key<K, F>(&mut self, compare: F)
        where
            F: FnMut(&T) -> K,
            K: Ord,
        {
            self.vec.sort_by_key(compare)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn first(&self) -> Option<&T> {
            self.vec.first()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn last(&self) -> Option<&T> {
            self.vec.last()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn pop(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
            self.vec.pop()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn swap(&mut self, i: i32, j: i32) {
            self.vec.swap(i as usize, j as usize);
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn append(&mut self, mut other: Self) {
            self.vec.append(&mut other.vec);
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn extend(&mut self, other: impl Iterator<Item = T>) {
            self.vec.extend(other);
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn mirror(&self) -> std::iter::Cloned<Iter<T>>
        where
            T: Clone,
        {
            self.iter().cloned()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn join(&self, sep: &str) -> String
        where
            T: std::fmt::Display,
        {
            self.iter()
                .map(|x| format!("{}", x))
                .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                .join(sep)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn map<B, F>(&self, f: F) -> List<B>
        where
            T: Clone,
            F: FnMut(T) -> B,
        {
            self.mirror().map(f).collect()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn filter<P>(&self, predicate: P) -> List<T>
        where
            T: Clone,
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.mirror().filter(predicate).collect()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn filter_map<B, F>(&self, f: F) -> List<B>
        where
            T: Clone,
            F: FnMut(T) -> Option<B>,
        {
            self.mirror().filter_map(f).collect()
        }
        #[doc = " |acc, x| -> acc"]
        #[inline]
        pub fn fold<B, F>(&self, init: B, f: F) -> B
        where
            T: Clone,
            F: FnMut(B, T) -> B,
        {
            self.mirror().fold(init, f)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn any<P>(&self, predicate: P) -> bool
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.iter().any(predicate)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn all<P>(&self, predicate: P) -> bool
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.iter().all(predicate)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn sum(&self) -> T
        where
            T: Int,
        {
            self.iter().cloned().fold(T::zero(), |acc, x| acc + x)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn enumerate(&self) -> List<(i32, T)>
        where
            T: Clone,
        {
            self.mirror()
                .enumerate()
                .map(|p| (p.0 as i32, p.1))
                .collect()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn find<P>(&self, mut predicate: P) -> Option<&T>
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.iter().find(|x| predicate(*x))
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn index_of<P>(&self, mut predicate: P) -> Option<i32>
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.iter()
                .enumerate()
                .find(|&(_i, x)| predicate(x))
                .map(|p| p.0 as i32)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn to<B: FromIterator<T>>(&self) -> B
        where
            T: Clone,
        {
            self.mirror().collect()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn min(&self) -> Option<&T>
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.iter().min()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn max(&self) -> Option<&T>
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.iter().max()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn argmin(&self) -> Option<i32>
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            let item = self.iter().min()?;
            self.iter()
                .enumerate()
                .find(|p| p.1 == item)
                .map(|p| p.0 as i32)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn argmax(&self) -> Option<i32>
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            let item = self.iter().max()?;
            self.iter()
                .enumerate()
                .find(|p| p.1 == item)
                .map(|p| p.0 as i32)
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn part<U>(&self, range: U) -> List<T>
        where
            T: Clone,
            U: RangeBounds<i32>,
        {
            List::from_vec(
                self.vec[range.lower_bound(0) as usize..range.upper_bound(self.ilen()) as usize]
                    .to_vec(),
            )
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn first_exn(&self) -> &T {
            self.first().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn last_exn(&self) -> &T {
            self.last().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn pop_exn(&mut self) -> T {
            self.pop().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn min_exn(&self) -> &T
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.min().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn max_exn(&self) -> &T
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.max().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn argmin_exn(&self) -> i32
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.argmin().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn argmax_exn(&self) -> i32
        where
            T: Ord,
        {
            self.argmax().unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn find_exn<P>(&self, predicate: P) -> &T
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.find(predicate).unwrap()
        }
        #[inline]
        pub fn index_of_exn<P>(&self, predicate: P) -> i32
        where
            P: FnMut(&T) -> bool,
        {
            self.index_of(predicate).unwrap()
        }
    }
    impl<T> Index<i32> for List<T> {
        type Output = T;
        #[inline]
        fn index(&self, index: i32) -> &Self::Output {
            if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
                self.vec.index(index as usize)
            } else {
                unsafe { self.vec.get_unchecked(index as usize) }
            }
        }
    }
    impl<T> IndexMut<i32> for List<T> {
        #[inline]
        fn index_mut(&mut self, index: i32) -> &mut Self::Output {
            if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
                self.vec.index_mut(index as usize)
            } else {
                unsafe { self.vec.get_unchecked_mut(index as usize) }
            }
        }
    }
    impl<T> FromIterator<T> for List<T> {
        fn from_iter<U: IntoIterator<Item = T>>(iter: U) -> Self {
            let mut vec = vec![];
            for i in iter {
                vec.push(i);
            }
            List { vec }
        }
    }
    impl<T> IntoIterator for List<T> {
        type Item = T;
        type IntoIter = std::vec::IntoIter<T>;
        fn into_iter(self) -> std::vec::IntoIter<T> {
            self.vec.into_iter()
        }
    }
    impl<'a, T> IntoIterator for &'a List<T> {
        type Item = &'a T;
        type IntoIter = Iter<'a, T>;
        fn into_iter(self) -> Iter<'a, T> {
            self.vec.iter()
        }
    }
    impl<T: std::fmt::Display> std::fmt::Display for List<T> {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(
                f,
                "{}",
                self.iter()
                    .map(|x| format!("{}", x))
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .join(" ")
            )
        }
    }
    impl<T: std::fmt::Debug> std::fmt::Debug for List<T> {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(
                f,
                "[{}]",
                self.iter()
                    .map(|x| format!("{:?}", x))
                    .collect::<Vec<_>>()
                    .join(", ")
            )
        }
    }
    impl<T> From<Vec<T>> for List<T> {
        fn from(vec: Vec<T>) -> Self {
            Self::from_vec(vec)
        }
    }
    impl<T: Clone> From<&[T]> for List<T> {
        fn from(slice: &[T]) -> Self {
            slice.iter().cloned().collect()
        }
    }
    #[macro_export]
    macro_rules ! list { ( ) => { $ crate :: arraylist :: List :: new ( ) } ; ( $ ( $ v : expr ) ,* ) => { $ crate :: arraylist :: List :: from_vec ( vec ! [ $ ( $ v ) ,* ] ) } ; ( $ v : expr ; $ a : expr ) => { $ crate :: arraylist :: List :: init ( $ v , $ a ) } ; ( $ v : expr ; $ a : expr ; $ ( $ rest : expr ) ;+ ) => { $ crate :: arraylist :: List :: init ( list ! ( $ v ; $ ( $ rest ) ;+ ) , $ a ) } ; }
}
pub mod modulo {
    use crate::independent::integer::Int;
    use std::marker::PhantomData;
    use std::ops::*;
    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    pub struct ModInt<T>(pub i64, PhantomData<*const T>);
    impl<T: ConstValue> ModInt<T> {
        pub fn new<U: Int>(a: U) -> ModInt<T> {
            let x = a.to_i64();
            if x < 0 {
                ModInt::raw(x % T::M + T::M)
            } else if x < T::M {
                ModInt::raw(x)
            } else {
                ModInt::raw(x % T::M)
            }
        }
        pub fn pow<U: Int>(self, x: U) -> Self {
            let mut n = x.to_i64();
            let mut a = self;
            let mut res = Self::raw(1);
            while n > 0 {
                if n & 1 == 1 {
                    res *= a;
                }
                a = a * a;
                n >>= 1;
            }
            res
        }
        pub fn inv(self) -> Self {
            self.pow(T::M - 2)
        }
        #[inline]
        fn raw(x: i64) -> ModInt<T> {
            ModInt(x, PhantomData)
        }
    }
    pub trait ConstValue: PartialEq + Eq + Copy + Clone + std::hash::Hash + Ord {
        const M: i64;
    }
    impl<T> std::fmt::Display for ModInt<T> {
        fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter) -> std::fmt::Result {
            write!(f, "{}", self.0)
        }
    }
    macro_rules ! impl_from_for_modint { ( $ ( $ tpe : ident ) ,* ) => { $ ( impl < T : ConstValue > From <$ tpe > for ModInt < T > { fn from ( n : $ tpe ) -> Self { Self :: new ( n ) } } ) * } ; }
    impl_from_for_modint!(u8, u16, u32, u64, u128, i8, i16, i32, i64, i128, usize, isize);
    impl<T: ConstValue> Add for ModInt<T> {
        type Output = ModInt<T>;
        fn add(self, other: ModInt<T>) -> ModInt<T> {
            let mut ret = self.0 + other.0;
            if ret >= T::M {
                ret -= T::M;
            }
            Self::raw(ret)
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> AddAssign for ModInt<T> {
        fn add_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = self.add(other);
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> Sub for ModInt<T> {
        type Output = ModInt<T>;
        fn sub(self, other: ModInt<T>) -> ModInt<T> {
            let mut ret = self.0 + T::M - other.0;
            if ret >= T::M {
                ret -= T::M
            }
            Self::raw(ret)
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> SubAssign for ModInt<T> {
        fn sub_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = self.sub(other);
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> Mul for ModInt<T> {
        type Output = ModInt<T>;
        fn mul(self, other: ModInt<T>) -> ModInt<T> {
            Self::raw(self.0 * other.0 % T::M)
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> MulAssign for ModInt<T> {
        fn mul_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = self.mul(other);
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> Div for ModInt<T> {
        type Output = ModInt<T>;
        fn div(self, other: ModInt<T>) -> ModInt<T> {
            self * other.inv()
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> DivAssign for ModInt<T> {
        fn div_assign(&mut self, other: Self) {
            *self = self.div(other);
        }
    }
    impl<T: ConstValue> Rem for ModInt<T> {
        type Output = ModInt<T>;
        fn rem(self, other: ModInt<T>) -> ModInt<T> {
            Self::raw(self.0 % other.0)
        }
    }
    #[macro_export]
    macro_rules! modint {
        ( ) => {
            modint!(1000000007);
        };
        ( $ m : expr ) => {
            #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Copy, Clone, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord)]
            pub enum __M {}
            impl $crate::modulo::ConstValue for __M {
                const M: i64 = $m;
            }
            #[allow(dead_code)]
            type Z = $crate::modulo::ModInt<__M>;
        };
    }
    macro_rules ! impl_integer_functions { ( $ ( $ tofn : ident , $ fromfn : ident , $ tpe : ident ) ,* ) => { $ ( fn $ tofn ( & self ) -> $ tpe { self . 0 as $ tpe } fn $ fromfn ( x : $ tpe ) -> Self { Self :: new ( x ) } ) * } ; }
    impl<T: ConstValue> Int for ModInt<T> {
        impl_integer_functions!(
            to_u8, from_u8, u8, to_u16, from_u16, u16, to_u32, from_u32, u32, to_u64, from_u64,
            u64, to_u128, from_u128, u128, to_i8, from_i8, i8, to_i16, from_i16, i16, to_i32,
            from_i32, i32, to_i64, from_i64, i64, to_i128, from_i128, i128, to_usize, from_usize,
            usize, to_isize, from_isize, isize
        );
        fn zero() -> Self {
            Self::new(0)
        }
        fn one() -> Self {
            Self::new(1)
        }
    }
}
pub mod scanner {
    use crate::arraylist::List;
    use std::io::{stdin, BufReader, Bytes, Read, Stdin};
    use std::str::FromStr;
    pub struct Scanner {
        buf: Bytes<BufReader<Stdin>>,
    }
    impl Scanner {
        pub fn new() -> Scanner {
            Scanner {
                buf: BufReader::new(stdin()).bytes(),
            }
        }
        pub fn read_next<T: FromStr>(&mut self) -> Option<T> {
            let token = self
                .buf
                .by_ref()
                .map(|c| c.unwrap() as char)
                .skip_while(|c| c.is_whitespace())
                .take_while(|c| !c.is_whitespace())
                .collect::<String>();
            token.parse::<T>().ok()
        }
        pub fn read<T: FromStr>(&mut self) -> T {
            self.read_next().unwrap()
        }
        pub fn readn<T: FromStr>(&mut self, n: i32) -> List<T> {
            (0..n).map(|_| self.read::<T>()).collect()
        }
        pub fn chars(&mut self) -> List<char> {
            self.read::<String>().chars().collect()
        }
    }
}
pub mod nums {
    use crate::{arraylist::List, independent::integer::Int};
    pub fn gcd(a: i64, b: i64) -> i64 {
        if b == 0 {
            a
        } else {
            gcd(b, a % b)
        }
    }
    pub fn lcm(a: i64, b: i64) -> i64 {
        a / gcd(a, b) * b
    }
    pub fn extgcd(a: i64, b: i64) -> (i64, i64, i64) {
        if b == 0 {
            (a, 1, 0)
        } else {
            let (gcd, x, y) = extgcd(b, a % b);
            (gcd, y, x - (a / b) * y)
        }
    }
    pub fn modinv_extgcd(m: i64, a_: i64) -> i64 {
        let mut a = a_;
        let mut b = m;
        let mut u = 1;
        let mut v = 0;
        while b != 0 {
            let t = a / b;
            a -= t * b;
            std::mem::swap(&mut a, &mut b);
            u -= t * v;
            std::mem::swap(&mut u, &mut v);
        }
        u %= m;
        if u < 0 {
            u += m
        };
        u
    }
    pub fn dot<T: Int>(a: &List<T>, b: &List<T>) -> T {
        let mut c = T::zero();
        for i in 0..a.ilen() {
            c += a[i] * b[i];
        }
        c
    }
    pub fn cross<T: Int>(a: &List<T>, b: &List<T>) -> T {
        a[0] * b[1] - a[1] * b[0]
    }
    pub fn matrix_mul<T: Int>(a: &List<List<T>>, b: &List<List<T>>) -> List<List<T>> {
        let mut c = List::init(List::init(T::zero(), b[0].ilen()), a.ilen());
        for i in 0..a.ilen() {
            for k in 0..b.ilen() {
                for j in 0..b[0].ilen() {
                    c[i][j] = c[i][j] + a[i][k] * b[k][j];
                }
            }
        }
        c
    }
    pub fn matrix_pow<T: Int>(a_: &List<List<T>>, mut n: i64) -> List<List<T>> {
        let mut a = a_.clone();
        let mut b = List::init(List::init(T::zero(), a.ilen()), a.ilen());
        for i in 0..a.ilen() {
            b[i][i] = T::one();
        }
        while n > 0 {
            if n & 1 == 1 {
                b = matrix_mul(&b, &a);
            }
            a = matrix_mul(&a, &a);
            n >>= 1;
        }
        b
    }
    pub fn ceil_div(x: i64, y: i64) -> i64 {
        (x + y - 1) / y
    }
}
pub mod independent {
    pub mod integer {
        pub trait Int:
            std::ops::Add<Output = Self>
            + std::ops::Sub<Output = Self>
            + std::ops::Mul<Output = Self>
            + std::ops::Div<Output = Self>
            + std::ops::Rem<Output = Self>
            + std::ops::AddAssign
            + std::ops::SubAssign
            + std::ops::MulAssign
            + std::ops::DivAssign
            + std::hash::Hash
            + PartialEq
            + Eq
            + PartialOrd
            + Ord
            + Copy
        {
            fn to_u8(&self) -> u8;
            fn to_u16(&self) -> u16;
            fn to_u32(&self) -> u32;
            fn to_u64(&self) -> u64;
            fn to_u128(&self) -> u128;
            fn to_i8(&self) -> i8;
            fn to_i16(&self) -> i16;
            fn to_i32(&self) -> i32;
            fn to_i64(&self) -> i64;
            fn to_i128(&self) -> i128;
            fn to_usize(&self) -> usize;
            fn to_isize(&self) -> isize;
            fn from_u8(x: u8) -> Self;
            fn from_u16(x: u16) -> Self;
            fn from_u32(x: u32) -> Self;
            fn from_u64(x: u64) -> Self;
            fn from_u128(x: u128) -> Self;
            fn from_i8(x: i8) -> Self;
            fn from_i16(x: i16) -> Self;
            fn from_i32(x: i32) -> Self;
            fn from_i64(x: i64) -> Self;
            fn from_i128(x: i128) -> Self;
            fn from_usize(x: usize) -> Self;
            fn from_isize(x: isize) -> Self;
            fn zero() -> Self;
            fn one() -> Self;
            fn next(&self) -> Self {
                *self + Self::one()
            }
        }
        macro_rules ! impl_integer_functions { ( $ selftpe : ident , $ ( $ tofn : ident , $ fromfn : ident , $ tpe : ident ) ,* ) => { $ ( fn $ tofn ( & self ) -> $ tpe { * self as $ tpe } fn $ fromfn ( x : $ tpe ) -> Self { x as $ selftpe } ) * } ; }
        macro_rules ! impl_integer { ( $ ( $ tpe : ident ) ,* ) => { $ ( impl Int for $ tpe { impl_integer_functions ! ( $ tpe , to_u8 , from_u8 , u8 , to_u16 , from_u16 , u16 , to_u32 , from_u32 , u32 , to_u64 , from_u64 , u64 , to_u128 , from_u128 , u128 , to_i8 , from_i8 , i8 , to_i16 , from_i16 , i16 , to_i32 , from_i32 , i32 , to_i64 , from_i64 , i64 , to_i128 , from_i128 , i128 , to_usize , from_usize , usize , to_isize , from_isize , isize ) ; fn zero ( ) -> Self { 0 } fn one ( ) -> Self { 1 } } ) * } ; }
        impl_integer!(u8, u16, u32, u64, u128, i8, i16, i32, i64, i128, usize, isize);
    }
}

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