結果

問題 No.1302 Random Tree Score
ユーザー maroon_kurimaroon_kuri
提出日時 2020-11-27 21:48:59
言語 C++17
(gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0)
結果
AC  
実行時間 178 ms / 3,000 ms
コード長 21,689 bytes
コンパイル時間 3,518 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ 247,324 KB
実行使用メモリ 35,936 KB
最終ジャッジ日時 2024-07-26 12:13:46
合計ジャッジ時間 5,999 ms
ジャッジサーバーID
（参考情報） 		judge4 / judge5
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力 結果 実行時間
実行使用メモリ
testcase_00 AC 28 ms
27,972 KB
testcase_01 AC 28 ms
27,972 KB
testcase_02 AC 63 ms
29,876 KB
testcase_03 AC 99 ms
31,948 KB
testcase_04 AC 64 ms
29,820 KB
testcase_05 AC 176 ms
35,536 KB
testcase_06 AC 176 ms
35,560 KB
testcase_07 AC 63 ms
29,796 KB
testcase_08 AC 101 ms
31,952 KB
testcase_09 AC 178 ms
35,716 KB
testcase_10 AC 174 ms
35,388 KB
testcase_11 AC 62 ms
29,740 KB
testcase_12 AC 172 ms
35,936 KB
testcase_13 AC 30 ms
28,100 KB
testcase_14 AC 176 ms
35,604 KB
testcase_15 AC 174 ms
35,736 KB
testcase_16 AC 29 ms
27,972 KB
権限があれば一括ダウンロードができます

ソースコード

diff # 

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

using ll=long long;
#define int ll

#define rng(i,a,b) for(int i=int(a);i<int(b);i++)
#define rep(i,b) rng(i,0,b)
#define gnr(i,a,b) for(int i=int(b)-1;i>=int(a);i--)
#define per(i,b) gnr(i,0,b)
#define pb push_back
#define eb emplace_back
#define a first
#define b second
#define bg begin()
#define ed end()
#define all(x) x.bg,x.ed
#define si(x) int(x.size())
#ifdef LOCAL
#define dmp(x) cerr<<__LINE__<<" "<<#x<<" "<<x<<endl
#else
#define dmp(x) void(0)
#endif

template<class t,class u> void chmax(t&a,u b){if(a<b)a=b;}
template<class t,class u> void chmin(t&a,u b){if(b<a)a=b;}

template<class t> using vc=vector<t>;
template<class t> using vvc=vc<vc<t>>;

using pi=pair<int,int>;
using vi=vc<int>;

template<class t,class u>
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const pair<t,u>& p){
	return os<<"{"<<p.a<<","<<p.b<<"}";
}

template<class t> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os,const vc<t>& v){
	os<<"{";
	for(auto e:v)os<<e<<",";
	return os<<"}";
}

#define mp make_pair
#define mt make_tuple
#define one(x) memset(x,-1,sizeof(x))
#define zero(x) memset(x,0,sizeof(x))
#ifdef LOCAL
void dmpr(ostream&os){os<<endl;}
template<class T,class... Args>
void dmpr(ostream&os,const T&t,const Args&... args){
	os<<t<<" ";
	dmpr(os,args...);
}
#define dmp2(...) dmpr(cerr,__LINE__,##__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define dmp2(...) void(0)
#endif

using uint=unsigned;
using ull=unsigned long long;

template<class t,size_t n>
ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const array<t,n>&a){
	return os<<vc<t>(all(a));
}

template<int i,class T>
void print_tuple(ostream&,const T&){
}

template<int i,class T,class H,class ...Args>
void print_tuple(ostream&os,const T&t){
	if(i)os<<",";
	os<<get<i>(t);
	print_tuple<i+1,T,Args...>(os,t);
}

template<class ...Args>
ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const tuple<Args...>&t){
	os<<"{";
	print_tuple<0,tuple<Args...>,Args...>(os,t);
	return os<<"}";
}

template<class t>
void print(t x,int suc=1){
	cout<<x;
	if(suc==1)
		cout<<"\n";
	if(suc==2)
		cout<<" ";
}

ll read(){
	ll i;
	cin>>i;
	return i;
}

vi readvi(int n,int off=0){
	vi v(n);
	rep(i,n)v[i]=read()+off;
	return v;
}

pi readpi(int off=0){
	int a,b;cin>>a>>b;
	return pi(a+off,b+off);
}

template<class T>
void print(const vector<T>&v,int suc=1){
	rep(i,v.size())
		print(v[i],i==int(v.size())-1?suc:2);
}

string readString(){
	string s;
	cin>>s;
	return s;
}

template<class T>
T sq(const T& t){
	return t*t;
}

//#define CAPITAL
void yes(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"YES"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Yes"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void no(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"NO"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"No"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void possible(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"POSSIBLE"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Possible"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}
void impossible(bool ex=true){
	#ifdef CAPITAL
	cout<<"IMPOSSIBLE"<<"\n";
	#else
	cout<<"Impossible"<<"\n";
	#endif
	if(ex)exit(0);
	#ifdef LOCAL
	cout.flush();
	#endif
}

constexpr ll ten(int n){
	return n==0?1:ten(n-1)*10;
}

const ll infLL=LLONG_MAX/3;

#ifdef int
const int inf=infLL;
#else
const int inf=INT_MAX/2-100;
#endif

int topbit(signed t){
	return t==0?-1:31-__builtin_clz(t);
}
int topbit(ll t){
	return t==0?-1:63-__builtin_clzll(t);
}
int botbit(signed a){
	return a==0?32:__builtin_ctz(a);
}
int botbit(ll a){
	return a==0?64:__builtin_ctzll(a);
}
int popcount(signed t){
	return __builtin_popcount(t);
}
int popcount(ll t){
	return __builtin_popcountll(t);
}
bool ispow2(int i){
	return i&&(i&-i)==i;
}
ll mask(int i){
	return (ll(1)<<i)-1;
}

bool inc(int a,int b,int c){
	return a<=b&&b<=c;
}

template<class t> void mkuni(vc<t>&v){
	sort(all(v));
	v.erase(unique(all(v)),v.ed);
}

ll rand_int(ll l, ll r) { //[l, r]
	#ifdef LOCAL
	static mt19937_64 gen;
	#else
	static mt19937_64 gen(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
	#endif
	return uniform_int_distribution<ll>(l, r)(gen);
}

template<class t>
void myshuffle(vc<t>&a){
	rep(i,si(a))swap(a[i],a[rand_int(0,i)]);
}

template<class t>
int lwb(const vc<t>&v,const t&a){
	return lower_bound(all(v),a)-v.bg;
}

vvc<int> readGraph(int n,int m){
	vvc<int> g(n);
	rep(i,m){
		int a,b;
		cin>>a>>b;
		//sc.read(a,b);
		a--;b--;
		g[a].pb(b);
		g[b].pb(a);
	}
	return g;
}

vvc<int> readTree(int n){
	return readGraph(n,n-1);
}

struct modinfo{uint mod,root;};
template<modinfo const&ref>
struct modular{
	static constexpr uint const &mod=ref.mod;
	static modular root(){return modular(ref.root);}
	uint v;
	//modular(initializer_list<uint>ls):v(*ls.bg){}
	modular(ll vv=0){s(vv%mod+mod);}
	modular& s(uint vv){
		v=vv<mod?vv:vv-mod;
		return *this;
	}
	modular operator-()const{return modular()-*this;}
	modular& operator+=(const modular&rhs){return s(v+rhs.v);}
	modular&operator-=(const modular&rhs){return s(v+mod-rhs.v);}
	modular&operator*=(const modular&rhs){
		v=ull(v)*rhs.v%mod;
		return *this;
	}
	modular&operator/=(const modular&rhs){return *this*=rhs.inv();}
	modular operator+(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)+=rhs;}
	modular operator-(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)-=rhs;}
	modular operator*(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)*=rhs;}
	modular operator/(const modular&rhs)const{return modular(*this)/=rhs;}
	modular pow(int n)const{
		modular res(1),x(*this);
		while(n){
			if(n&1)res*=x;
			x*=x;
			n>>=1;
		}
		return res;
	}
	modular inv()const{return pow(mod-2);}
	/*modular inv()const{
		int x,y;
		int g=extgcd<ll>(v,mod,x,y);
		assert(g==1);
		if(x<0)x+=mod;
		return modular(x);
	}*/
	friend modular operator+(int x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)+y;
	}
	friend modular operator-(int x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)-y;
	}
	friend modular operator*(int x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)*y;
	}
	friend modular operator/(int x,const modular&y){
		return modular(x)/y;
	}
	friend ostream& operator<<(ostream&os,const modular&m){
		return os<<m.v;
	}
	friend istream& operator>>(istream&is,modular&m){
		ll x;is>>x;
		m=modular(x);
		return is;
	}
	bool operator<(const modular&r)const{return v<r.v;}
	bool operator==(const modular&r)const{return v==r.v;}
	bool operator!=(const modular&r)const{return v!=r.v;}
	explicit operator bool()const{
		return v;
	}
};

#define USE_GOOD_MOD

//size of input must be a power of 2
//output of forward fmt is bit-reversed
//output elements are in the range [0,mod*4)
//input of inverse fmt should be bit-reversed
template<class mint>
void inplace_fmt(const int n,mint*const f,bool inv){
	static constexpr uint mod=mint::mod;
	static constexpr uint mod2=mod*2;
	static const int L=30;
	static mint g[L],ig[L],p2[L];
	if(g[0].v==0){
		rep(i,L){
			mint w=-mint::root().pow(((mod-1)>>(i+2))*3);
			g[i]=w;
			ig[i]=w.inv();
			p2[i]=mint(1<<i).inv();
		}
	}
	if(!inv){
		int b=n;
		if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod)
			rep(i,b){
				uint x=f[i+b].v;
				f[i+b].v=f[i].v+mod-x;
				f[i].v+=x;
			}
		}
		if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*2)
			mint p=1;
			for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
				rng(j,i,i+b){
					uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
					f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
					f[j].v+=x;
				}
				p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
			}
		}
		while(b){
			if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*3)
				mint p=1;
				for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
					rng(j,i,i+b){
						uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
						f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
						f[j].v+=x;
					}
					p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
				}
			}
			if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*4)
				mint p=1;
				for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
					rng(j,i,i+b){
						uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
						f[j].v=(f[j].v<mod2?f[j].v:f[j].v-mod2);
						f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
						f[j].v+=x;
					}
					p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
				}
			}
		}
	}else{
		int b=1;
		if(b<n/2){//input:[0,mod)
			mint p=1;
			for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
				rng(j,i,i+b){
					ull x=f[j].v+mod-f[j+b].v;
					f[j].v+=f[j+b].v;
					f[j+b].v=x*p.v%mod;
				}
				p*=ig[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
			}
			b<<=1;
		}
		for(;b<n/2;b<<=1){
			mint p=1;
			for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
				rng(j,i,i+b/2){//input:[0,mod*2)
					ull x=f[j].v+mod2-f[j+b].v;
					f[j].v+=f[j+b].v;
					f[j].v=(f[j].v)<mod2?f[j].v:f[j].v-mod2;
					f[j+b].v=x*p.v%mod;
				}
				rng(j,i+b/2,i+b){//input:[0,mod)
					ull x=f[j].v+mod-f[j+b].v;
					f[j].v+=f[j+b].v;
					f[j+b].v=x*p.v%mod;
				}
				p*=ig[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
			}
		}
		if(b<n){//input:[0,mod*2)
			rep(i,b){
				uint x=f[i+b].v;
				f[i+b].v=f[i].v+mod2-x;
				f[i].v+=x;
			}
		}
		mint z=p2[__lg(n)];
		rep(i,n)f[i]*=z;
	}
}

template<class mint>
void inplace_fmt(vector<mint>&f,bool inv){
	inplace_fmt(si(f),f.data(),inv);
}

template<class mint>
void half_fmt(const int n,mint*const f){
	static constexpr uint mod=mint::mod;
	static constexpr uint mod2=mod*2;
	static const int L=30;
	static mint g[L],h[L];
	if(g[0].v==0){
		rep(i,L){
			g[i]=-mint::root().pow(((mod-1)>>(i+2))*3);
			h[i]=mint::root().pow((mod-1)>>(i+2));
		}
	}
	int b=n;
	int lv=0;
	if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod)
		mint p=h[lv++];
		for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
			rng(j,i,i+b){
				uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
				f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
				f[j].v+=x;
			}
			p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
		}
	}
	if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*2)
		mint p=h[lv++];
		for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
			rng(j,i,i+b){
				uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
				f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
				f[j].v+=x;
			}
			p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
		}
	}
	while(b){
		if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*3)
			mint p=h[lv++];
			for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
				rng(j,i,i+b){
					uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
					f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
					f[j].v+=x;
				}
				p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
			}
		}
		if(b>>=1){//input:[0,mod*4)
			mint p=h[lv++];
			for(int i=0,k=0;i<n;i+=b*2){
				rng(j,i,i+b){
					uint x=(f[j+b]*p).v;
					f[j].v=(f[j].v<mod2?f[j].v:f[j].v-mod2);
					f[j+b].v=f[j].v+mod-x;
					f[j].v+=x;
				}
				p*=g[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
			}
		}
	}
}

template<class mint>
void half_fmt(vector<mint>&f){
	half_fmt(si(f),f.data());
}

#ifdef USE_GOOD_MOD

template<class mint>
vc<mint> multiply(vc<mint> x,const vc<mint>&y,bool same=false){
	int n=si(x)+si(y)-1;
	int s=1;
	while(s<n)s*=2;
	x.resize(s);inplace_fmt(x,false);
	if(!same){
		vc<mint> z(s);
		rep(i,si(y))z[i]=y[i];
		inplace_fmt(z,false);
		rep(i,s)x[i]*=z[i];
	}else{
		rep(i,s)x[i]*=x[i];
	}
	inplace_fmt(x,true);x.resize(n);
	return x;
}

#else

//59501818244292734739283969-1=5.95*10^25 までの値を正しく計算
//最終的な列の大きさが 2^24 までなら動く
//最終的な列の大きさが 2^20 以下のときは，下の 3 つの素数を使ったほうが速い（は？）
//VERIFY: yosupo
//Yukicoder No980 (same=true)
namespace arbitrary_convolution{
	//constexpr modinfo base0{167772161,3};//2^25 * 5 + 1
	//constexpr modinfo base1{469762049,3};//2^26 * 7 + 1
	//constexpr modinfo base2{754974721,11};//2^24 * 45 + 1
	extern constexpr modinfo base0{1045430273,3};//2^20 * 997 + 1
	extern constexpr modinfo base1{1051721729,6};//2^20 * 1003 + 1
	extern constexpr modinfo base2{1053818881,7};//2^20 * 1005 + 1
	using mint0=modular<base0>;
	using mint1=modular<base1>;
	using mint2=modular<base2>;
	template<class t,class mint>
	vc<t> sub(const vc<mint>&x,const vc<mint>&y,bool same=false){
		int n=si(x)+si(y)-1;
		int s=1;
		while(s<n)s*=2;
		vc<t> z(s);rep(i,si(x))z[i]=x[i].v;
		inplace_fmt(z,false);
		if(!same){
			vc<t> w(s);rep(i,si(y))w[i]=y[i].v;
			inplace_fmt(w,false);
			rep(i,s)z[i]*=w[i];
		}else{
			rep(i,s)z[i]*=z[i];
		}
		inplace_fmt(z,true);z.resize(n);
		return z;
	}
	template<class mint>
	vc<mint> multiply(const vc<mint>&x,const vc<mint>&y,bool same=false){
		auto d0=sub<mint0>(x,y,same);
		auto d1=sub<mint1>(x,y,same);
		auto d2=sub<mint2>(x,y,same);
		int n=si(d0);
		vc<mint> res(n);
		static const mint1 r01=mint1(mint0::mod).inv();
		static const mint2 r02=mint2(mint0::mod).inv();
		static const mint2 r12=mint2(mint1::mod).inv();
		static const mint2 r02r12=r02*r12;
		static const mint w1=mint(mint0::mod);
		static const mint w2=w1*mint(mint1::mod);
		rep(i,n){
			ull a=d0[i].v;
			ull b=(d1[i].v+mint1::mod-a)*r01.v%mint1::mod;
			ull c=((d2[i].v+mint2::mod-a)*r02r12.v+(mint2::mod-b)*r12.v)%mint2::mod;
			res[i].v=(a+b*w1.v+c*w2.v)%mint::mod;
		}
		return res;
	}
}
using arbitrary_convolution::multiply;

#endif

namespace integer_convolution{
	extern constexpr modinfo base0{1045430273,3};//2^20 * 997 + 1
	extern constexpr modinfo base1{1051721729,6};//2^20 * 1003 + 1
	using mint0=modular<base0>;
	using mint1=modular<base1>;
	template<class t>
	vc<t> sub(const vi&x,const vi&y,bool same=false){
		int n=si(x)+si(y)-1;
		int s=1;
		while(s<n)s*=2;
		vc<t> z(s);rep(i,si(x))z[i]=x[i];
		inplace_fmt(z,false);
		if(!same){
			vc<t> w(s);rep(i,si(y))w[i]=y[i];
			inplace_fmt(w,false);
			rep(i,s)z[i]*=w[i];
		}else{
			rep(i,s)z[i]*=z[i];
		}
		inplace_fmt(z,true);z.resize(n);
		return z;
	}
	vi multiply(const vi&x,const vi&y,bool same=false){
		auto d0=sub<mint0>(x,y,same);
		auto d1=sub<mint1>(x,y,same);
		const mint1 r=mint1(mint0::mod).inv();
		int n=si(d0);
		vi res(n);
		rep(i,n){
			res[i]=d0[i].v+(r*(d1[i]-d0[i].v)).v*(ull)mint0::mod;
		}
		return res;
	}
}

//最大で 1<<mx のサイズの fft が登場！
template<class mint>
vc<mint> large_convolution(const vc<mint>&a,const vc<mint>&b,int mx){
	int n=si(a),m=si(b);
	vc<mint> c(n+m-1);
	int len=1<<(mx-1);
	for(int i=0;i<n;i+=len){
		for(int j=0;j<n;j+=len){
			int x=min(len,n-i),y=min(len,m-j);
			auto d=multiply(vc<mint>(a.bg+i,a.bg+i+x),vc<mint>(b.bg+j,b.bg+j+y));
			rep(k,si(d))
				c[i+j+k]+=d[k];
		}
	}
	return c;
}

//Poly というのは常にサイズ 1 以上であることにしよう
//low のあたりをかならずサイズ s のものを返すようにいじった
//その影響で何かが起きているかも知れないし，起きていないかも知れない
template<class mint>
struct Poly:public vc<mint>{
	template<class...Args>
	Poly(Args...args):vc<mint>(args...){}
	Poly(initializer_list<mint>init):vc<mint>(all(init)){}
	int size()const{
		return vc<mint>::size();
	}
	void ups(int s){
		if(size()<s)this->resize(s,0);
	}
	Poly low(int s)const{
		assert(s);
		Poly res(s);
		rep(i,min(s,size()))res[i]=(*this)[i];
		return res;
	}
	Poly rev()const{
		auto r=*this;
		reverse(all(r));
		return r;
	}
	Poly operator>>(int x)const{
		assert(x<size());
		Poly res(size()-x);
		rep(i,size()-x)res[i]=(*this)[i+x];
		return res;
	}
	Poly operator<<(int x)const{
		Poly res(size()+x);
		rep(i,size())res[i+x]=(*this)[i];
		return res;
	}
	mint freq(int i)const{
		return i<size()?(*this)[i]:0;
	}
	Poly operator-()const{
		Poly res=*this;
		for(auto&v:res)v=-v;
		return res;
	}
	Poly& operator+=(const Poly&r){
		ups(r.size());
		rep(i,r.size())
			(*this)[i]+=r[i];
		return *this;
	}
	template<class T>
	Poly& operator+=(T t){
		(*this)[0]+=t;
		return *this;
	}
	Poly& operator-=(const Poly&r){
		ups(r.size());
		rep(i,r.size())
			(*this)[i]-=r[i];
		return *this;
	}
	template<class T>
	Poly& operator-=(T t){
		(*this)[0]-=t;
		return *this;
	}
	template<class T>
	Poly& operator*=(T t){
		for(auto&v:*this)
			v*=t;
		return *this;
	}
	Poly& operator*=(const Poly&r){
		return *this=multiply(*this,r);
	}
	Poly square()const{
		return multiply(*this,*this,true);
	}
	#ifndef USE_GOOD_MOD
	Poly inv(int s)const{
		Poly r{mint(1)/(*this)[0]};
		for(int n=1;n<s;n*=2)
			r=r*2-(r.square()*low(2*n)).low(2*n);
		r.resize(s);
		return r;
	}
	#else
	//source: Section 4 of "Removing redundancy from high-precision Newton iteration"
	// 5/3
	Poly inv(int s)const{
		Poly r(s);
		r[0]=mint(1)/(*this)[0];
		for(int n=1;n<s;n*=2){
			vc<mint> f=low(2*n);
			f.resize(2*n);
			inplace_fmt(f,false);
			vc<mint> g=r.low(2*n);
			g.resize(2*n);
			inplace_fmt(g,false);
			rep(i,2*n)f[i]*=g[i];
			inplace_fmt(f,true);
			rep(i,n)f[i]=0;
			inplace_fmt(f,false);
			rep(i,2*n)f[i]*=g[i];
			inplace_fmt(f,true);
			rng(i,n,min(2*n,s))r[i]=-f[i];
		}
		return r;
	}
	#endif
	template<class T>
	Poly& operator/=(T t){
		return *this*=mint(1)/mint(t);
	}
	Poly quotient(const Poly&r,const Poly&rri)const{
		int m=r.size();
		assert(r[m-1].v);
		int n=size();
		int s=n-m+1;
		if(s<=0) return {0};
		return (rev().low(s)*rri.low(s)).low(s).rev();
	}
	Poly& operator/=(const Poly&r){
		return *this=quotient(r,r.rev().inv(max(size()-r.size(),int(0))+1));
	}
	Poly& operator%=(const Poly&r){
		*this-=*this/r*r;
		return *this=low(r.size()-1);
	}
	Poly operator+(const Poly&r)const{return Poly(*this)+=r;}
	template<class T>
	Poly operator+(T t)const{return Poly(*this)+=t;}
	Poly operator-(const Poly&r)const{return Poly(*this)-=r;}
	template<class T>
	Poly operator-(T t)const{return Poly(*this)-=t;}
	template<class T>
	Poly operator*(T t)const{return Poly(*this)*=t;}
	Poly operator*(const Poly&r)const{return Poly(*this)*=r;}
	template<class T>
	Poly operator/(T t)const{return Poly(*this)/=t;}
	Poly operator/(const Poly&r)const{return Poly(*this)/=r;}
	Poly operator%(const Poly&r)const{return Poly(*this)%=r;}
	Poly dif()const{
		assert(size());
		if(size()==1){
			return {0};
		}else{
			Poly r(size()-1);
			rep(i,r.size())
				r[i]=(*this)[i+1]*(i+1);
			return r;
		}
	}
	Poly inte(const mint invs[])const{
		Poly r(size()+1,0);
		rep(i,size())
			r[i+1]=(*this)[i]*invs[i+1];
		return r;
	}
	//VERIFY: yosupo
	//opencupXIII GP of Peterhof H
	Poly log(int s,const mint invs[])const{
		assert((*this)[0]==1);
		if(s==1)return {0};
		return (low(s).dif()*inv(s-1)).low(s-1).inte(invs);
	}
	//Petrozavodsk 2019w mintay1 G
	//yosupo judge
	Poly exp(int s,const mint invs[])const{
		return exp2(s,invs).a;
	}
	//2つほしいときはコメントアウトの位置ずらす
	pair<Poly,Poly> exp2(int s,const mint invs[])const{
		assert((*this)[0]==mint(0));
		Poly f{1},g{1};
		for(int n=1;;n*=2){
			if(n>=s)break;
			g=g*2-(g.square()*f).low(n);
			//if(n>=s)break;
			Poly q=low(n).dif();
			q=q+g*(f.dif()-f*q).low(2*n-1);
			f=f+(f*(low(2*n)-q.inte(invs))).low(2*n);
		}
		return make_pair(f.low(s),g.low(s));
	}
	#ifndef USE_GOOD_MOD
	//CF250 E
	Poly sqrt(int s)const{
		assert((*this)[0]==1);
		static const mint half=mint(1)/mint(2);
		Poly r{1};
		for(int n=1;n<s;n*=2)
			r=(r+(r.inv(n*2)*low(n*2)).low(n*2))*half;
		return r.low(s);
	}
	#else
	//11/6
	//VERIFY: yosupo
	Poly sqrt(int s)const{
		assert((*this)[0]==1);
		static const mint half=mint(1)/mint(2);
		vc<mint> f{1},g{1},z{1};
		for(int n=1;n<s;n*=2){
			rep(i,n)z[i]*=z[i];
			inplace_fmt(z,true);
			
			vc<mint> delta(2*n);
			rep(i,n)delta[n+i]=z[i]-freq(i)-freq(n+i);
			inplace_fmt(delta,false);
			
			vc<mint> gbuf(2*n);
			rep(i,n)gbuf[i]=g[i];
			inplace_fmt(gbuf,false);
			
			rep(i,2*n)delta[i]*=gbuf[i];
			inplace_fmt(delta,true);
			f.resize(2*n);
			rng(i,n,2*n)f[i]=-half*delta[i];
			
			if(2*n>=s)break;
			
			z=f;
			inplace_fmt(z,false);
			
			vc<mint> eps=gbuf;
			rep(i,2*n)eps[i]*=z[i];
			inplace_fmt(eps,true);
			
			rep(i,n)eps[i]=0;
			inplace_fmt(eps,false);
			
			rep(i,2*n)eps[i]*=gbuf[i];
			inplace_fmt(eps,true);
			g.resize(2*n);
			rng(i,n,2*n)g[i]=-eps[i];
		}
		f.resize(s);
		return f;
	}
	#endif
	pair<Poly,Poly> divide(const Poly&r,const Poly&rri)const{
		Poly a=quotient(r,rri);
		Poly b=*this-a*r;
		return make_pair(a,b.low(r.size()-1));
	}
	//Yukicoder No.215
	Poly pow_mod(int n,const Poly&r)const{
		Poly rri=r.rev().inv(r.size());
		Poly cur{1},x=*this%r;
		while(n){
			if(n%2)
				cur=(cur*x).divide(r,rri).b;
			x=(x*x).divide(r,rri).b;
			n/=2;
		}
		return cur;
	}
	int lowzero()const{
		rep(i,size())if((*this)[i]!=0)return i;
		return size();
	}
	//VERIFY: yosupo
	Poly pow(int s,int p,const mint invs[])const{
		assert(s>0);
		assert(p>0);
		int n=size(),z=0;
		for(;z<n&&(*this)[z]==0;z++);
		if(z*p>=s)return Poly(s,0);
		mint c=(*this)[z],cinv=c.inv();
		mint d=c.pow(p);
		int t=s-z*p;
		Poly x(t);
		rng(i,z,min(z+t,n))x[i-z]=(*this)[i]*cinv;
		x=x.log(t,invs);
		rep(i,t)x[i]*=p;
		x=x.exp(t,invs);
		rep(i,t)x[i]*=d;
		Poly y(s);
		rep(i,t)y[z*p+i]=x[i];
		return y;
	}
	mint eval(mint x)const{
		mint r=0,w=1;
		for(auto v:*this){
			r+=w*v;
			w*=x;
		}
		return r;
	}
};

//CF641 F2
//f*x^(-a)
template<class mint>
struct Laurent{
	Poly<mint> f;
	int a;
	Laurent(const Poly<mint>&num,const Poly<mint>&den,int s){
		a=den.lowzero();
		assert(a<si(den));
		f=(num*(den>>a).inv(s)).low(s);
	}
	Laurent(const Poly<mint>&ff,int aa):f(ff),a(aa){}
	Laurent dif()const{
		return Laurent(f*(-a)+(f.dif()<<1),a+1);
	}
	mint&operator[](int i){
		assert(inc(0,i+a,si(f)-1));
		return f[i+a];
	}
};

extern constexpr modinfo base{998244353,3};
//extern constexpr modinfo base{1000000007,0};
//modinfo base{1,0};
using mint=modular<base>;

const int vmax=(1<<21)+10;
mint fact[vmax],finv[vmax],invs[vmax];
void initfact(){
	fact[0]=1;
	rng(i,1,vmax){
		fact[i]=fact[i-1]*i;
	}
	finv[vmax-1]=fact[vmax-1].inv();
	for(int i=vmax-2;i>=0;i--){
		finv[i]=finv[i+1]*(i+1);
	}
	for(int i=vmax-1;i>=1;i--){
		invs[i]=finv[i]*fact[i-1];
	}
}
mint choose(int n,int k){
	return fact[n]*finv[n-k]*finv[k];
}
mint binom(int a,int b){
	return fact[a+b]*finv[a]*finv[b];
}
mint catalan(int n){
	return binom(n,n)-(n-1>=0?binom(n-1,n+1):0);
}

/*
const int vmax=110;
mint binbuf[vmax][vmax];
mint choose(int n,int k){
	return binbuf[n-k][k];
}
mint binom(int a,int b){
	return binbuf[a][b];
}
void initfact(){
	binbuf[0][0]=1;
	rep(i,vmax)rep(j,vmax){
		if(i)binbuf[i][j]+=binbuf[i-1][j];
		if(j)binbuf[i][j]+=binbuf[i][j-1];
	}
}
*/

void slv(){
	initfact();
	
	int n;cin>>n;
	Poly<mint> f(n-1);
	rng(i,1,n){
		f[i-1]=finv[i]*i*i;
	}
	auto g=f.pow(n-1,n,invs);
	mint ans=g[n-2]*fact[n-2];
	ans/=mint(n).pow(n-2);
	print(ans);
}

signed main(){
	cin.tie(0);
	ios::sync_with_stdio(0);
	cout<<fixed<<setprecision(20);
	
	//int t;cin>>t;rep(_,t)
	slv();
}
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