結果
| 問題 | No.1302 Random Tree Score |
| ユーザー |
👑  tute7627
|
| 提出日時 | 2022-01-02 04:58:33 |
| 言語 | C++17 (gcc 13.3.0 + boost 1.87.0) |
| 結果 |
AC
|
| 実行時間 | 206 ms / 3,000 ms |
| コード長 | 22,465 bytes |
| コンパイル時間 | 3,746 ms |
| コンパイル使用メモリ | 234,976 KB |
| 最終ジャッジ日時 | 2025-01-27 08:27:12 |
|
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報） |
judge1 / judge2 |
（要ログイン）
| ファイルパターン | 結果 |
|---|---|
| sample | AC * 3 |
| other | AC * 14 |
ソースコード
//#define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define endl '\n'
#define lfs cout<<fixed<<setprecision(10)
#define ALL(a) (a).begin(),(a).end()
#define ALLR(a) (a).rbegin(),(a).rend()
#define UNIQUE(a) (a).erase(unique((a).begin(),(a).end()),(a).end())
#define spa << " " <<
#define fi first
#define se second
#define MP make_pair
#define MT make_tuple
#define PB push_back
#define EB emplace_back
#define rep(i,n,m) for(ll i = (n); i < (ll)(m); i++)
#define rrep(i,n,m) for(ll i = (ll)(m) - 1; i >= (ll)(n); i--)
using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
const ll MOD1 = 1e9+7;
const ll MOD9 = 998244353;
const ll INF = 1e18;
using P = pair<ll, ll>;
template<typename T> using PQ = priority_queue<T>;
template<typename T> using QP = priority_queue<T,vector<T>,greater<T>>;
template<typename T1, typename T2>bool chmin(T1 &a,T2 b){if(a>b){a=b;return true;}else return false;}
template<typename T1, typename T2>bool chmax(T1 &a,T2 b){if(a<b){a=b;return true;}else return false;}
ll median(ll a,ll b, ll c){return a+b+c-max({a,b,c})-min({a,b,c});}
void ans1(bool x){if(x) cout<<"Yes"<<endl;else cout<<"No"<<endl;}
void ans2(bool x){if(x) cout<<"YES"<<endl;else cout<<"NO"<<endl;}
void ans3(bool x){if(x) cout<<"Yay!"<<endl;else cout<<":("<<endl;}
template<typename T1,typename T2>void ans(bool x,T1 y,T2 z){if(x)cout<<y<<endl;else cout<<z<<endl;}
template<typename T1,typename T2,typename T3>void anss(T1 x,T2 y,T3 z){ans(x!=y,x,z);};
template<typename T>void debug(const T &v,ll h,ll w,string sv=" "){for(ll i=0;i<h;i++){cout<<v[i][0];for(ll j=1;j<w;j++)cout<<sv<<v[i][j];cout<<endl;}};
template<typename T>void debug(const T &v,ll n,string sv=" "){if(n!=0)cout<<v[0];for(ll i=1;i<n;i++)cout<<sv<<v[i];cout<<endl;};
template<typename T>void debug(const vector<T>&v){debug(v,v.size());}
template<typename T>void debug(const vector<vector<T>>&v){for(auto &vv:v)debug(vv,vv.size());}
template<typename T>void debug(stack<T> st){while(!st.empty()){cout<<st.top()<<" ";st.pop();}cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(queue<T> st){while(!st.empty()){cout<<st.front()<<" ";st.pop();}cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(deque<T> st){while(!st.empty()){cout<<st.front()<<" ";st.pop_front();}cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(PQ<T> st){while(!st.empty()){cout<<st.top()<<" ";st.pop();}cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(QP<T> st){while(!st.empty()){cout<<st.top()<<" ";st.pop();}cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(const set<T>&v){for(auto z:v)cout<<z<<" ";cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>void debug(const multiset<T>&v){for(auto z:v)cout<<z<<" ";cout<<endl;}
template<typename T,size_t size>void debug(const array<T, size> &a){for(auto z:a)cout<<z<<" ";cout<<endl;}
template<typename T,typename V>void debug(const map<T,V>&v){for(auto z:v)cout<<"["<<z.first<<"]="<<z.second<<",";cout<<endl;}
template<typename T>vector<vector<T>>vec(ll x, ll y, T w){vector<vector<T>>v(x,vector<T>(y,w));return v;}
ll gcd(ll x,ll y){ll r;while(y!=0&&(r=x%y)!=0){x=y;y=r;}return y==0?x:y;}
vector<ll>dx={1,-1,0,0,1,1,-1,-1};vector<ll>dy={0,0,1,-1,1,-1,1,-1};
template<typename T>vector<T> make_v(size_t a,T b){return vector<T>(a,b);}
template<typename... Ts>auto make_v(size_t a,Ts... ts){return vector<decltype(make_v(ts...))>(a,make_v(ts...));}
template<typename T1, typename T2>ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const pair<T1, T2>&p){return os << p.first << " " << p.second;}
template<typename T>ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const vector<T> &v){for(auto &z:v)os << z << " ";cout<<"|"; return os;}
template<typename T>void rearrange(vector<int>&ord, vector<T>&v){
auto tmp = v;
for(int i=0;i<tmp.size();i++)v[i] = tmp[ord[i]];
}
template<typename Head, typename... Tail>void rearrange(vector<int>&ord,Head&& head, Tail&&... tail){
rearrange(ord, head);
rearrange(ord, tail...);
}
template<typename T> vector<int> ascend(const vector<T>&v){
vector<int>ord(v.size());iota(ord.begin(),ord.end(),0);
sort(ord.begin(),ord.end(),[&](int i,int j){return v[i]<v[j];});
return ord;
}
template<typename T> vector<int> descend(const vector<T>&v){
vector<int>ord(v.size());iota(ord.begin(),ord.end(),0);
sort(ord.begin(),ord.end(),[&](int i,int j){return v[i]>v[j];});
return ord;
}
ll FLOOR(ll n,ll div){assert(div>0);return n>=0?n/div:(n-div+1)/div;}
ll CEIL(ll n,ll div){assert(div>0);return n>=0?(n+div-1)/div:n/div;}
ll digitsum(ll n){ll ret=0;while(n){ret+=n%10;n/=10;}return ret;}
ll modulo(ll n,ll d){return (n%d+d)%d;};
template<typename T>T min(const vector<T>&v){return *min_element(v.begin(),v.end());}
template<typename T>T max(const vector<T>&v){return *max_element(v.begin(),v.end());}
template<typename T>T acc(const vector<T>&v){return accumulate(v.begin(),v.end(),T(0));};
template<typename T>T reverse(const T &v){return T(v.rbegin(),v.rend());};
//mt19937 mt(chrono::steady_clock::now().time_since_epoch().count());
int popcount(ll x){return __builtin_popcountll(x);};
int poplow(ll x){return __builtin_ctzll(x);};
int pophigh(ll x){return 63 - __builtin_clzll(x);};
template<typename T>T poll(queue<T> &q){auto ret=q.front();q.pop();return ret;};
template<typename T>T poll(priority_queue<T> &q){auto ret=q.top();q.pop();return ret;};
template<typename T>T poll(QP<T> &q){auto ret=q.top();q.pop();return ret;};
template<typename T>T poll(stack<T> &s){auto ret=s.top();s.pop();return ret;};
ll MULT(ll x,ll y){if(LLONG_MAX/x<=y)return LLONG_MAX;return x*y;}
ll POW2(ll x, ll k){ll ret=1,mul=x;while(k){if(mul==LLONG_MAX)return LLONG_MAX;if(k&1)ret=MULT(ret,mul);mul=MULT(mul,mul);k>>=1;}return ret;}
ll POW(ll x, ll k){ll ret=1;for(int i=0;i<k;i++){if(LLONG_MAX/x<=ret)return LLONG_MAX;ret*=x;}return ret;}
template< typename T = int >
struct edge {
int to;
T cost;
int id;
edge():id(-1){};
edge(int to, T cost = 1, int id = -1):to(to), cost(cost), id(id){}
operator int() const { return to; }
};
template<typename T>
using Graph = vector<vector<edge<T>>>;
template<typename T>
Graph<T>revgraph(const Graph<T> &g){
Graph<T>ret(g.size());
for(int i=0;i<g.size();i++){
for(auto e:g[i]){
int to = e.to;
e.to = i;
ret[to].push_back(e);
}
}
return ret;
}
template<typename T>
Graph<T> readGraph(int n,int m,int indexed=1,bool directed=false,bool weighted=false){
Graph<T> ret(n);
for(int es = 0; es < m; es++){
int u,v;
T w=1;
cin>>u>>v;u-=indexed,v-=indexed;
if(weighted)cin>>w;
ret[u].emplace_back(v,w,es);
if(!directed)ret[v].emplace_back(u,w,es);
}
return ret;
}
template<typename T>
Graph<T> readParent(int n,int indexed=1,bool directed=true){
Graph<T>ret(n);
for(int i=1;i<n;i++){
int p;cin>>p;
p-=indexed;
ret[p].emplace_back(i);
if(!directed)ret[i].emplace_back(p);
}
return ret;
}
template< int mod >
struct ModInt {
int x;
ModInt() : x(0) {}
ModInt(int64_t y) : x(y >= 0 ? y % mod : (mod - (-y) % mod) % mod) {}
ModInt &operator+=(const ModInt &p) {
if((x += p.x) >= mod) x -= mod;
return *this;
}
ModInt &operator-=(const ModInt &p) {
if((x += mod - p.x) >= mod) x -= mod;
return *this;
}
ModInt &operator*=(const ModInt &p) {
x = (int) (1LL * x * p.x % mod);
return *this;
}
ModInt &operator/=(const ModInt &p) {
*this *= p.inverse();
return *this;
}
ModInt operator-() const { return ModInt(-x); }
friend ModInt operator+(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
return ModInt(lhs) += rhs;
}
friend ModInt operator-(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
return ModInt(lhs) -= rhs;
}
friend ModInt operator*(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
return ModInt(lhs) *= rhs;
}
friend ModInt operator/(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
return ModInt(lhs) /= rhs;
}
bool operator==(const ModInt &p) const { return x == p.x; }
bool operator!=(const ModInt &p) const { return x != p.x; }
ModInt inverse() const {
int a = x, b = mod, u = 1, v = 0, t;
while(b > 0) {
t = a / b;
swap(a -= t * b, b);
swap(u -= t * v, v);
}
return ModInt(u);
}
ModInt pow(int64_t n) const {
ModInt ret(1), mul(x);
while(n > 0) {
if(n & 1) ret *= mul;
mul *= mul;
n >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &os, const ModInt &p) {
return os << p.x;
}
friend istream &operator>>(istream &is, ModInt &a) {
int64_t t;
is >> t;
a = ModInt< mod >(t);
return (is);
}
static int get_mod() { return mod; }
};
template< typename T >
struct Combination {
vector< T > _fact, _rfact, _inv;
Combination(ll sz) : _fact(sz + 1), _rfact(sz + 1), _inv(sz + 1) {
_fact[0] = _rfact[sz] = _inv[0] = 1;
for(ll i = 1; i <= sz; i++) _fact[i] = _fact[i - 1] * i;
_rfact[sz] /= _fact[sz];
for(ll i = sz - 1; i >= 0; i--) _rfact[i] = _rfact[i + 1] * (i + 1);
for(ll i = 1; i <= sz; i++) _inv[i] = _rfact[i] * _fact[i - 1];
}
inline T fact(ll k) const { return _fact[k]; }
inline T rfact(ll k) const { return _rfact[k]; }
inline T inv(ll k) const { return _inv[k]; }
T P(ll n, ll r) const {
if(r < 0 || n < r) return 0;
return fact(n) * rfact(n - r);
}
T C(ll p, ll q) const {
if(q < 0 || p < q) return 0;
return fact(p) * rfact(q) * rfact(p - q);
}
T RC(ll p, ll q) const {
if(q < 0 || p < q) return 0;
return rfact(p) * fact(q) * fact(p - q);
}
T H(ll n, ll r) const {
if(n < 0 || r < 0) return (0);
return r == 0 ? 1 : C(n + r - 1, r);
}
};
using modint = ModInt< MOD9 >;modint pow(ll n, ll x){return modint(n).pow(x);}modint pow(modint n, ll x){return n.pow(x);}
//using modint=ld;
using Comb=Combination<modint>;
template< typename Mint >
struct NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt {
vector< Mint > dw, idw;
int max_base;
Mint root;
NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt() {
const unsigned mod = Mint::get_mod();
assert(mod >= 3 && mod % 2 == 1);
auto tmp = mod - 1;
max_base = 0;
while(tmp % 2 == 0) tmp >>= 1, max_base++;
root = 2;
while(root.pow((mod - 1) >> 1) == 1) root += 1;
assert(root.pow(mod - 1) == 1);
dw.resize(max_base);
idw.resize(max_base);
for(int i = 0; i < max_base; i++) {
dw[i] = -root.pow((mod - 1) >> (i + 2));
idw[i] = Mint(1) / dw[i];
}
}
void ntt(vector< Mint > &a) {
const int n = (int) a.size();
assert((n & (n - 1)) == 0);
assert(__builtin_ctz(n) <= max_base);
for(int m = n; m >>= 1;) {
Mint w = 1;
for(int s = 0, k = 0; s < n; s += 2 * m) {
for(int i = s, j = s + m; i < s + m; ++i, ++j) {
auto x = a[i], y = a[j] * w;
a[i] = x + y, a[j] = x - y;
}
w *= dw[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
}
}
}
void intt(vector< Mint > &a, bool f = true) {
const int n = (int) a.size();
assert((n & (n - 1)) == 0);
assert(__builtin_ctz(n) <= max_base);
for(int m = 1; m < n; m *= 2) {
Mint w = 1;
for(int s = 0, k = 0; s < n; s += 2 * m) {
for(int i = s, j = s + m; i < s + m; ++i, ++j) {
auto x = a[i], y = a[j];
a[i] = x + y, a[j] = (x - y) * w;
}
w *= idw[__builtin_ctz(++k)];
}
}
if(f) {
Mint inv_sz = Mint(1) / n;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) a[i] *= inv_sz;
}
}
vector< Mint > multiply(vector< Mint > a, vector< Mint > b) {
int need = a.size() + b.size() - 1;
int nbase = 1;
while((1 << nbase) < need) nbase++;
int sz = 1 << nbase;
a.resize(sz, 0);
b.resize(sz, 0);
ntt(a);
ntt(b);
Mint inv_sz = Mint(1) / sz;
for(int i = 0; i < sz; i++) a[i] *= b[i] * inv_sz;
intt(a, false);
a.resize(need);
return a;
}
};
template< typename T >
struct FormalPowerSeries : vector< T > {
using vector< T >::vector;
using P = FormalPowerSeries;
using MULT = function< P(P, P) >;
using FFT = function< void(P &) >;
using SQRT = function< T(T) >;
static MULT &get_mult() {
static MULT mult = nullptr;
return mult;
}
static void set_mult(MULT f) {
get_mult() = f;
}
static FFT &get_fft() {
static FFT fft = nullptr;
return fft;
}
static FFT &get_ifft() {
static FFT ifft = nullptr;
return ifft;
}
static void set_fft(FFT f, FFT g) {
get_fft() = f;
get_ifft() = g;
}
static SQRT &get_sqrt() {
static SQRT sqr = nullptr;
return sqr;
}
static void set_sqrt(SQRT sqr) {
get_sqrt() = sqr;
}
void shrink() {
while(this->size() && this->back() == T(0)) this->pop_back();
}
P operator+(const P &r) const { return P(*this) += r; }
P operator+(const T &v) const { return P(*this) += v; }
P operator-(const P &r) const { return P(*this) -= r; }
P operator-(const T &v) const { return P(*this) -= v; }
P operator*(const P &r) const { return P(*this) *= r; }
P operator*(const T &v) const { return P(*this) *= v; }
P operator/(const P &r) const { return P(*this) /= r; }
P operator%(const P &r) const { return P(*this) %= r; }
P &operator+=(const P &r) {
if(r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for(int i = 0; i < r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] += r[i];
return *this;
}
P &operator+=(const T &r) {
if(this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] += r;
return *this;
}
P &operator-=(const P &r) {
if(r.size() > this->size()) this->resize(r.size());
for(int i = 0; i < r.size(); i++) (*this)[i] -= r[i];
//shrink();
return *this;
}
P &operator-=(const T &r) {
if(this->empty()) this->resize(1);
(*this)[0] -= r;
//shrink();
return *this;
}
P &operator*=(const T &v) {
const int n = (int) this->size();
for(int k = 0; k < n; k++) (*this)[k] *= v;
return *this;
}
P &operator*=(const P &r) {
if(this->empty() || r.empty()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
if(min(this->size(), r.size()) < 5 || get_mult() == nullptr){
P ret(this->size() + r.size() - 1);
for(int i = 0; i < this->size(); i++){
for(int j = 0; j < r.size(); j++){
ret[i + j] += (*this)[i] * r[j];
}
}
return *this = ret;
}
return *this = get_mult()(*this, r);
}
P &operator%=(const P &r) { return *this -= *this / r * r; }
P operator-() const {
P ret(this->size());
for(int i = 0; i < this->size(); i++) ret[i] = -(*this)[i];
return ret;
}
P &operator/=(const P &r) {
if(this->size() < r.size()) {
this->clear();
return *this;
}
int n = this->size() - r.size() + 1;
return *this = (rev().pre(n) * r.rev().inv(n)).pre(n).rev(n);
}
P dot(P r) const {
P ret(min(this->size(), r.size()));
for(int i = 0; i < ret.size(); i++) ret[i] = (*this)[i] * r[i];
return ret;
}
P pre(int sz) const { return P(begin(*this), begin(*this) + min((int) this->size(), sz)); }
P operator>>(int sz) const {
if(this->size() <= sz) return {};
P ret(*this);
ret.erase(ret.begin(), ret.begin() + sz);
return ret;
}
P operator<<(int sz) const {
P ret(*this);
ret.insert(ret.begin(), sz, T(0));
return ret;
}
P rev(int deg = -1) const {
P ret(*this);
if(deg != -1) ret.resize(deg, T(0));
reverse(begin(ret), end(ret));
return ret;
}
P diff() const {
const int n = (int) this->size();
P ret(max(0, n - 1));
for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) ret[i - 1] = (*this)[i] * T(i);
return ret;
}
P integral() const {
const int n = (int) this->size();
P ret(n + 1);
ret[0] = T(0);
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) ret[i + 1] = (*this)[i] / T(i + 1);
return ret;
}
// F(0) must not be 0
P inv(int deg = -1) const {
assert(((*this)[0]) != T(0));
const int n = (int) this->size();
if(deg == -1) deg = n;
if(get_fft() != nullptr) {
P ret(*this);
ret.resize(deg, T(0));
return ret.inv_fast();
}
P ret({T(1) / (*this)[0]});
for(int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) {
ret = (ret + ret - ret * ret * pre(i << 1)).pre(i << 1);
}
return ret.pre(deg);
}
// F(0) must be 1
P log(int deg = -1) const {
assert((*this)[0] == 1);
const int n = (int) this->size();
if(deg == -1) deg = n;
return (this->diff() * this->inv(deg)).pre(deg - 1).integral();
}
P sqrt(int deg = -1) const {
const int n = (int) this->size();
if(deg == -1) deg = n;
if((*this)[0] == T(0)) {
for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) {
if((*this)[i] != T(0)) {
if(i & 1) return {};
if(deg - i / 2 <= 0) break;
auto ret = (*this >> i).sqrt(deg - i / 2);
if(ret.empty()) return {};
ret = ret << (i / 2);
if(ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, T(0));
return ret;
}
}
return P(deg, 0);
}
P ret;
if(get_sqrt() == nullptr) {
assert((*this)[0] == T(1));
ret = {T(1)};
} else {
auto sqr = get_sqrt()((*this)[0]);
if(sqr * sqr != (*this)[0]) return {};
ret = {T(sqr)};
}
T inv2 = T(1) / T(2);
for(int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) {
ret = (ret + pre(i << 1) * ret.inv(i << 1)) * inv2;
}
return ret.pre(deg);
}
// F(0) must be 0
P exp(int deg = -1) const {
assert((*this)[0] == T(0));
const int n = (int) this->size();
if(deg == -1) deg = n;
if(get_fft() != nullptr) {
P ret(*this);
ret.resize(deg, T(0));
return ret.exp_rec();
}
P ret({T(1)});
for(int i = 1; i < deg; i <<= 1) {
ret = (ret * (pre(i << 1) + T(1) - ret.log(i << 1))).pre(i << 1);
}
return ret.pre(deg);
}
P online_convolution_exp(const P &conv_coeff) const {
const int n = (int) conv_coeff.size();
assert((n & (n - 1)) == 0);
vector< P > conv_ntt_coeff;
auto& fft = get_fft();
auto& ifft = get_ifft();
for(int i = n; i >= 1; i >>= 1) {
P g(conv_coeff.pre(i));
fft(g);
conv_ntt_coeff.emplace_back(g);
}
P conv_arg(n), conv_ret(n);
auto rec = [&](auto rec, int l, int r, int d) -> void {
if(r - l <= 16) {
for(int i = l; i < r; i++) {
T sum = 0;
for(int j = l; j < i; j++) sum += conv_arg[j] * conv_coeff[i - j];
conv_ret[i] += sum;
conv_arg[i] = i == 0 ? T(1) : conv_ret[i] / i;
}
} else {
int m = (l + r) / 2;
rec(rec, l, m, d + 1);
P pre(r - l);
for(int i = 0; i < m - l; i++) pre[i] = conv_arg[l + i];
fft(pre);
for(int i = 0; i < r - l; i++) pre[i] *= conv_ntt_coeff[d][i];
ifft(pre);
for(int i = 0; i < r - m; i++) conv_ret[m + i] += pre[m + i - l];
rec(rec, m, r, d + 1);
}
};
rec(rec, 0, n, 0);
return conv_arg;
}
P exp_rec() const {
assert((*this)[0] == T(0));
const int n = (int) this->size();
int m = 1;
while(m < n) m *= 2;
P conv_coeff(m);
for(int i = 1; i < n; i++) conv_coeff[i] = (*this)[i] * i;
return online_convolution_exp(conv_coeff).pre(n);
}
P inv_fast() const {
assert(((*this)[0]) != T(0));
const int n = (int) this->size();
P res{T(1) / (*this)[0]};
for(int d = 1; d < n; d <<= 1) {
P f(2 * d), g(2 * d);
for(int j = 0; j < min(n, 2 * d); j++) f[j] = (*this)[j];
for(int j = 0; j < d; j++) g[j] = res[j];
get_fft()(f);
get_fft()(g);
for(int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j];
get_ifft()(f);
for(int j = 0; j < d; j++) {
f[j] = 0;
f[j + d] = -f[j + d];
}
get_fft()(f);
for(int j = 0; j < 2 * d; j++) f[j] *= g[j];
get_ifft()(f);
for(int j = 0; j < d; j++) f[j] = res[j];
res = f;
}
return res.pre(n);
}
P pow(int64_t k, int deg = -1) const {
const int n = (int) this->size();
if(deg == -1) deg = n;
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
if((*this)[i] != T(0)) {
T rev = T(1) / (*this)[i];
P ret = (((*this * rev) >> i).log(deg) * k).exp(deg) * ((*this)[i].pow(k));
if(i * k > deg) return P(deg, T(0));
ret = (ret << (i * k)).pre(deg);
if(ret.size() < deg) ret.resize(deg, T(0));
return ret;
}
}
return *this;
}
T eval(T x) const {
T r = 0, w = 1;
for(auto &v : *this) {
r += w * v;
w *= x;
}
return r;
}
P pow_mod(int64_t n, P mod) const {
P modinv = mod.rev().inv();
auto get_div = [&](P base) {
if(base.size() < mod.size()) {
base.clear();
return base;
}
int n = base.size() - mod.size() + 1;
return (base.rev().pre(n) * modinv.pre(n)).pre(n).rev(n);
};
P x(*this), ret{1};
while(n > 0) {
if(n & 1) {
ret *= x;
ret -= get_div(ret) * mod;
}
x *= x;
x -= get_div(x) * mod;
n >>= 1;
}
return ret;
}
void mul(vector<pair<int, T>> g, bool extend = false){
if(extend)this->resize(this->size() + g.back().first);
int n = this->size();
int d = g[0].first;
T c = g[0].second;
if(d == 0)g.erase(g.begin());
else c = 0;
for(int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--){
(*this)[i] *= c;
for(auto z : g){
if(z.first > i)continue;
(*this)[i] += (*this)[i-z.first] * z.second;
}
}
}
void div(vector<pair<int, T>>g){//定数項は非ゼロ
int n = this->size();
int d = g[0].first;
T c = g[0].second;
c = T(1) / c;
g.erase(g.begin());
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++){
for(auto z : g){
if(z.first > i)continue;
(*this)[i] -= (*this)[i-z.first] * z.second;
}
(*this)[i] *= c;
}
}
};
/*
using FPS=FormalPowerSeries<modint>;
ArbitraryModConvolution<modint> ntt;
auto mult=[&](const FPS &x,const FPS &y){
auto ret = ntt.multiply(x,y);
return FPS(ret.begin(),ret.end());
};
FPS::set_mult(mult);
*/
int main(){
cin.tie(nullptr);
ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
ll res=0,buf=0;
bool judge = true;
using FPS=FormalPowerSeries<modint>;
NumberTheoreticTransformFriendlyModInt<modint> ntt;
auto mult=[&](const FPS &x,const FPS &y){
auto ret = ntt.multiply(x,y);
return FPS(ret.begin(),ret.end());
};
FPS::set_mult(mult);
FPS::set_fft([&](FPS &a){return ntt.ntt(a);},[&](FPS &b){return ntt.intt(b);});
ll n;cin>>n;
FPS f(n);
Comb comb(n+2);
rep(i,0,n)f[i]=(i+1)*comb.rfact(i);
f=f.pow(n,-1);
modint ret=f[n-2]*comb.fact(n-2)/pow(n,n-2);
cout<<ret<<endl;
return 0;
}