結果

問題 No.2230 Good Omen of White Lotus
ユーザー minatominato
提出日時 2023-02-24 23:16:12
言語 C++23
(gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0)
結果
AC  
実行時間 1,833 ms / 2,000 ms
コード長 20,560 bytes
コンパイル時間 3,937 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ 284,140 KB
実行使用メモリ 96,492 KB
最終ジャッジ日時 2024-09-13 06:06:11
合計ジャッジ時間 29,752 ms
ジャッジサーバーID
（参考情報） 		judge3 / judge2
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力 結果 実行時間
実行使用メモリ
testcase_00 AC 2 ms
6,816 KB
testcase_01 AC 2 ms
6,816 KB
testcase_02 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_03 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_04 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_05 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_06 AC 2 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_07 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_08 AC 2 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_09 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_10 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_11 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_12 AC 2 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_13 AC 2 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_14 AC 542 ms
48,560 KB
testcase_15 AC 3 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_16 AC 933 ms
77,192 KB
testcase_17 AC 944 ms
76,560 KB
testcase_18 AC 951 ms
76,272 KB
testcase_19 AC 945 ms
76,844 KB
testcase_20 AC 38 ms
7,684 KB
testcase_21 AC 5 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_22 AC 51 ms
9,204 KB
testcase_23 AC 56 ms
10,272 KB
testcase_24 AC 2 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_25 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_26 AC 2 ms
6,940 KB
testcase_27 AC 210 ms
57,704 KB
testcase_28 AC 220 ms
57,892 KB
testcase_29 AC 616 ms
94,692 KB
testcase_30 AC 607 ms
96,492 KB
testcase_31 AC 621 ms
95,024 KB
testcase_32 AC 592 ms
94,912 KB
testcase_33 AC 1,779 ms
92,676 KB
testcase_34 AC 1,803 ms
92,672 KB
testcase_35 AC 1,797 ms
93,432 KB
testcase_36 AC 1,826 ms
92,788 KB
testcase_37 AC 1,833 ms
94,048 KB
testcase_38 AC 1,833 ms
93,172 KB
testcase_39 AC 1,814 ms
92,876 KB
testcase_40 AC 367 ms
29,252 KB
testcase_41 AC 338 ms
29,584 KB
testcase_42 AC 865 ms
61,876 KB
testcase_43 AC 24 ms
6,944 KB
testcase_44 AC 1,337 ms
81,280 KB
testcase_45 AC 411 ms
31,984 KB
testcase_46 AC 777 ms
50,920 KB
権限があれば一括ダウンロードができます

ソースコード

diff # 

#line 1 "library-cpp/other/template.hpp"
// clang-format off
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using uint = unsigned int;
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using i128 = __int128_t;
using ld = long double;
using pii = pair<int, int>;
using pll = pair<long long, long long>;
template <class T> using maxheap = priority_queue<T>;
template <class T> using minheap = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>;
template <class T> using vec = vector<T>;
template <class T> using vvec = vector<vector<T>>;
#define OVERLOAD_REP(_1, _2, _3, name, ...) name
#define REP0(n) for (auto minato = decay_t<decltype(n)>{}; minato < (n); ++minato)
#define REP1(i, n) for (auto i = decay_t<decltype(n)>{}; (i) < (n); (i)++)
#define REP2(i, l, r) for (auto i = (l); (i) < (r); (i)++)
#define rep(...) OVERLOAD_REP(__VA_ARGS__, REP2, REP1, REP0)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define OVERLOAD_RREP(_1, _2, _3, name, ...) name
#define RREP1(i, n) for (auto i = (n) - 1; (i) >= decay_t<decltype(n)>{}; (i)--)
#define RREP2(i, l, r) for (auto i = (r) - 1; (i) >= (l); (i)--)
#define rrep(...) OVERLOAD_RREP(__VA_ARGS__, RREP2, RREP1)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define all(x) begin(x), end(x)
template <class Container> int SZ(const Container& v) { return int(v.size()); }
template <class T> void UNIQUE(vector<T>& v) { v.erase(unique(v.begin(), v.end()), v.end()); }
template <class T> T MAX(const vector<T>& v) { return *max_element(v.begin(), v.end()); }
template <class T> T MIN(const vector<T>& v) { return *min_element(v.begin(), v.end()); }
template <class T> T SUM(const vector<T>& v) { return accumulate(v.begin(), v.end(), T(0)); }
template <class T> T ABS(T x) { return max(x, -x); }
template <class T1, class T2> bool chmax(T1& a, T2 b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }
template <class T1, class T2> bool chmin(T1& a, T2 b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return true; } return false; }
int topbit(ull x) { return x == 0 ? -1 : 63 - __builtin_clzll(x); }
int botbit(ull x) { return x == 0 ? 64 : __builtin_ctzll(x); }
int popcount(ull x) { return __builtin_popcountll(x); }
int kthbit(ull x, int k) { return (x >> k) & 1; }
constexpr long long TEN(int x) { return x == 0 ? 1 : TEN(x - 1) * 10; }
template <typename S> void rearrange(const vector<S>& id) { (void)id; }
template <typename S, typename T> void rearrange_exec(const vector<S>& id, vector<T>& v) { vector<T> w(v.size()); for (size_t i = 0; i < id.size(); i++) { w[i] = v[id[i]]; } v.swap(w); }
template <typename S, typename Head, typename... Tail> void rearrange(const vector<S>& id, Head& a, Tail& ...tail) { rearrange_exec(id, a); rearrange(id, tail...); }
istream& operator>>(istream& is, __int128_t& x) {
    x = 0;
    string s;
    is >> s;
    int n = int(s.size()), it = 0;
    if (s[0] == '-') it++;
    for (; it < n; it++) x = (x * 10 + s[it] - '0');
    if (s[0] == '-') x = -x;
    return is;
}
ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, __int128_t x) {
    if (x == 0) return os << 0;
    if (x < 0) os << '-', x = -x;
    deque<int> deq;
    while (x) deq.emplace_front(x % 10), x /= 10;
    for (int e : deq) os << e;
    return os;
}
template <class T> vector<T> &operator++(vector<T>& v) { for (auto& e : v) { e++; } return v;} 
template <class T> vector<T> operator++(vector<T>& v, int) { auto res = v; for (auto& e : v) { e++; } return res; }
template <class T> vector<T> &operator--(vector<T>& v) { for (auto& e : v) { e--; } return v; }
template <class T> vector<T> operator--(vector<T>& v, int) { auto res = v; for (auto& e : v) { e--; } return res; }
template <class T1, class T2> pair<T1, T2> operator-(const pair<T1, T2>& x) { return pair<T1, T2>(-x.first, -x.second); }
template <class T1, class T2> pair<T1, T2> operator-(const pair<T1, T2>& x, const pair<T1, T2>& y) { return pair<T1, T2>(x.first - y.first, x.second - y.second); }
template <class T1, class T2> pair<T1, T2> operator+(const pair<T1, T2>& x, const pair<T1, T2>& y) { return pair<T1, T2>(x.first + y.first, x.second + y.second); }
template <class T1, class T2> pair<T1, T2> operator+=(pair<T1, T2>& l, const pair<T1, T2>& r) { return l = l + r; }
template <class T1, class T2> pair<T1, T2> operator-=(pair<T1, T2>& l, const pair<T1, T2>& r) { return l = l - r; }
constexpr char ln = '\n';
const string YESNO[2] = {"NO", "YES"};
const string YesNo[2] = {"No", "Yes"};
void YES(bool t = true) { cout << YESNO[t] << "\n"; }
void NO(bool t = 1) { YES(!t); }
void Yes(bool t = true) { cout << YesNo[t] << "\n"; }
void No(bool t = 1) { Yes(!t); }
template <class T> void drop(T x) { cout << x << "\n"; exit(0); }
#define INT(...)     \
    int __VA_ARGS__; \
    IN(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LL(...)     \
    ll __VA_ARGS__; \
    IN(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR(...)        \
    string __VA_ARGS__; \
    IN(__VA_ARGS__)
#define CHR(...)      \
    char __VA_ARGS__; \
    IN(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LDB(...)             \
    long double __VA_ARGS__; \
    IN(__VA_ARGS__)
#define VEC(type, name, size) \
    vector<type> name(size);  \
    IN(name)
#define VEC2(type, name1, name2, size)     \
    vector<type> name1(size), name2(size); \
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) IN(name1[i], name2[i])
#define VEC3(type, name1, name2, name3, size)           \
    vector<type> name1(size), name2(size), name3(size); \
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) IN(name1[i], name2[i], name3[i])
#define VEC4(type, name1, name2, name3, name4, size)                 \
    vector<type> name1(size), name2(size), name3(size), name4(size); \
    for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) IN(name1[i], name2[i], name3[i], name4[i]);
#define VV(type, name, N, M)                       \
    vector<vector<type>> name(N, vector<type>(M)); \
    IN(name)
template <class T> void scan(T& a) { cin >> a; }
template <class T> void scan(vector<T>& a) { for (auto& i : a) scan(i); }
void IN() {}
template <class Head, class... Tail> void IN(Head& head, Tail&... tail) { scan(head); IN(tail...); }
void print() { cout << "\n"; }
template <class T> void print(const vector<T>& v) { for (auto it = v.begin(); it != v.end(); ++it) { if (it != v.begin()) { cout << " "; } cout << *it; } print(); }
template <class T, class... Args> void print(const T& x, const Args& ... args) { cout << x; if (sizeof...(Args)) cout << " "; print(args...); }
#ifdef MINATO_LOCAL
template <class T1, class T2> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, pair<T1, T2> p) { return os << "(" << p.first << ", " << p.second << ")"; }
template <size_t N, class TUPLE> void debug_tuple(ostream& os, TUPLE _) { (void)os; (void)_; }
template <size_t N, class TUPLE, class T, class ...Args> void debug_tuple(ostream &os, TUPLE t) { os << (N == 0 ? "" : ", ") << get<N>(t); debug_tuple<N + 1, TUPLE, Args...>(os, t); }
template <class ...Args> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, tuple<Args...> t) { os << "("; debug_tuple<0, tuple<Args...>, Args...>(os, t); return os << ")"; }
string debug_delim(int& i) { return i++ == 0 ? "" : ", "; }
#define debug_embrace(x) { int i = 0; os << "{";  { x } return os << "}"; }
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, vector<T> v) { debug_embrace( for (T e : v) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) }
template <class T, size_t N> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, array<T, N> a) { debug_embrace( for (T e : a) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) }
template <class T, size_t N> enable_if_t<!is_same_v<char, remove_cv_t<T>>, ostream>& operator<<(ostream& os, T(&a)[N]) { debug_embrace( for (T e : a) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) }
template <class Key> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, set<Key> s) { debug_embrace( for (Key e : s) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) }
template <class Key, class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, map<Key, T> mp) { debug_embrace( for (auto e : mp) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) }
template <class Key> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, multiset<Key> s) { debug_embrace( for (Key e : s) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; }) }
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, queue<T> q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.front(); } ) }
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, deque<T> q) { debug_embrace( for (T e : q) { os << debug_delim(i) << e; } ) }
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, priority_queue<T> q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.top(); } ) }
template <class T> ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>> q) { debug_embrace( for (; !q.empty(); q.pop()) { os << debug_delim(i) << q.top(); } ) }
void debug_out() { cerr << endl; }
template <class T, class... Args> void debug_out(const T& x, const Args& ... args) { cerr << " " << x; debug_out(args...); }
#define debug(...) cerr << __LINE__ << " : [" << #__VA_ARGS__ << "] =", debug_out(__VA_ARGS__)
#else
#define debug(...) (void(0))
#endif
struct fast_ios { fast_ios() { cin.tie(nullptr); ios::sync_with_stdio(false); cout << fixed << setprecision(20); cerr << fixed << setprecision(7); }; } fast_ios_;
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// clang-format on
#line 1 "library-cpp/mod/ModInt.hpp"
template <int m> struct ModInt {
  public:
    static constexpr int mod() {
        return m;
    }
    static ModInt raw(int v) {
        ModInt x;
        x._v = v;
        return x;
    }

    ModInt() : _v(0) {
    }
    ModInt(long long v) {
        long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod()));
        if (x < 0) x += umod();
        _v = (unsigned int)(x);
    }

    unsigned int val() const {
        return _v;
    }

    ModInt& operator++() {
        _v++;
        if (_v == umod()) _v = 0;
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt& operator--() {
        if (_v == 0) _v = umod();
        _v--;
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt operator++(int) {
        ModInt result = *this;
        ++*this;
        return result;
    }
    ModInt operator--(int) {
        ModInt result = *this;
        --*this;
        return result;
    }

    ModInt& operator+=(const ModInt& rhs) {
        _v += rhs._v;
        if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod();
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt& operator-=(const ModInt& rhs) {
        _v -= rhs._v;
        if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod();
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt& operator*=(const ModInt& rhs) {
        unsigned long long z = _v;
        z *= rhs._v;
        _v = (unsigned int)(z % umod());
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt& operator^=(long long n) {
        ModInt x = *this;
        *this = 1;
        if (n < 0) x = x.inv(), n = -n;
        while (n) {
            if (n & 1) *this *= x;
            x *= x;
            n >>= 1;
        }
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt& operator/=(const ModInt& rhs) {
        return *this = *this * rhs.inv();
    }

    ModInt operator+() const {
        return *this;
    }
    ModInt operator-() const {
        return ModInt() - *this;
    }
    explicit operator bool() const {
        return _v != 0;
    }

    ModInt pow(long long n) const {
        ModInt r = *this;
        r ^= n;
        return r;
    }
    ModInt inv() const {
        int a = _v, b = umod(), y = 1, z = 0, t;
        for (;;) {
            t = a / b;
            a -= t * b;
            if (a == 0) {
                assert(b == 1 || b == -1);
                return ModInt(b * z);
            }
            y -= t * z;
            t = b / a;
            b -= t * a;
            if (b == 0) {
                assert(a == 1 || a == -1);
                return ModInt(a * y);
            }
            z -= t * y;
        }
    }

    friend ModInt operator+(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return ModInt(lhs) += rhs;
    }
    friend ModInt operator-(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return ModInt(lhs) -= rhs;
    }
    friend ModInt operator*(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return ModInt(lhs) *= rhs;
    }
    friend ModInt operator/(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return ModInt(lhs) /= rhs;
    }
    friend ModInt operator^(const ModInt& lhs, long long rhs) {
        return ModInt(lhs) ^= rhs;
    }
    friend bool operator==(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return lhs._v == rhs._v;
    }
    friend bool operator!=(const ModInt& lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return lhs._v != rhs._v;
    }
    friend ModInt operator+(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return (ModInt(lhs) += rhs);
    }
    friend ModInt operator-(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return (ModInt(lhs) -= rhs);
    }
    friend ModInt operator*(long long lhs, const ModInt& rhs) {
        return (ModInt(lhs) *= rhs);
    }
    friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const ModInt& M) {
        return os << M._v;
    }
    friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, ModInt& M) {
        long long x;
        is >> x;
        M = x;
        return is;
    }

  private:
    unsigned int _v;
    static constexpr unsigned int umod() {
        return m;
    }
};
#line 1 "library-cpp/mod/ModCombination.hpp"
template <class M> struct ModCombination {
  public:
    ModCombination() {
    }
    ModCombination(int n) : n_(n), fac_(n + 1), facinv_(n + 1) {
        assert(1 <= n);
        fac_[0] = 1;
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) fac_[i] = fac_[i - 1] * i;
        facinv_[n] = M(1) / fac_[n];
        for (int i = n; i >= 1; i--) facinv_[i - 1] = facinv_[i] * i;
    }

    M fac(int k) const {
        assert(0 <= k and k <= n_);
        return fac_[k];
    }
    M facinv(int k) const {
        assert(0 <= k and k <= n_);
        return facinv_[k];
    }
    M inv(int k) const {
        assert(1 <= k and k <= n_);
        return facinv_[k] * fac_[k - 1];
    }

    M P(int n, int k) const {
        if (k < 0 or k > n) return M(0);
        assert(n <= n_);
        return fac_[n] * facinv_[n - k];
    }
    M C(int n, int k) const {
        if (k < 0 or k > n) return M(0);
        assert(n <= n_);
        return fac_[n] * facinv_[n - k] * facinv_[k];
    }
    M H(int n, int k) const {
        if (n == 0 and k == 0) return M(1);
        return C(n + k - 1, n);
    }
    M catalan(int n) const {
        if (n == 0) return M(1);
        return C(2 * n, n) - C(2 * n, n - 1);
    }

  private:
    int n_;
    vector<M> fac_, facinv_;
};
#line 4 "G.cpp"
using mint = ModInt<998244353>;
// using mint = ModInt<1000000007>;

template <typename T, typename F> struct SegmentTree {
    int N;
    int size;
    vector<T> seg;
    const F f;
    const T I;

    SegmentTree(F _f, const T& I_) : N(0), size(0), f(_f), I(I_) {
    }

    SegmentTree(int _N, F _f, const T& I_) : f(_f), I(I_) {
        init(_N);
    }

    SegmentTree(const vector<T>& v, F _f, T I_) : f(_f), I(I_) {
        init(v.size());
        for (int i = 0; i < (int)v.size(); i++) {
            seg[i + size] = v[i];
        }
        build();
    }

    void init(int _N) {
        N = _N;
        size = 1;
        while (size < N) size <<= 1;
        seg.assign(2 * size, I);
    }

    void set(int k, T x) {
        seg[k + size] = x;
    }

    void build() {
        for (int k = size - 1; k > 0; k--) {
            seg[k] = f(seg[2 * k], seg[2 * k + 1]);
        }
    }

    void update(int k, T x) {
        k += size;
        seg[k] = x;
        while (k >>= 1) {
            seg[k] = f(seg[2 * k], seg[2 * k + 1]);
        }
    }

    void add(int k, T x) {
        k += size;
        seg[k] = x;
        while (k >>= 1) {
            seg[k] = f(seg[2 * k], seg[2 * k + 1]);
        }
    }

    // query to [a, b)
    T query(int a, int b) {
        T L = I, R = I;
        for (a += size, b += size; a < b; a >>= 1, b >>= 1) {
            if (a & 1) L = f(L, seg[a++]);
            if (b & 1) R = f(seg[--b], R);
        }
        return f(L, R);
    }

    T& operator[](const int& k) {
        return seg[k + size];
    }

    // check(a[l] * ...  * a[r-1]) が true となる最大の r
    // (右端まですべて true なら N を返す)
    template <class C> int max_right(int l, C check) {
        assert(0 <= l && l <= N);
        assert(check(I) == true);
        if (l == N) return N;
        l += size;
        T sm = I;
        do {
            while (l % 2 == 0) l >>= 1;
            if (!check(f(sm, seg[l]))) {
                while (l < size) {
                    l = (2 * l);
                    if (check(f(sm, seg[l]))) {
                        sm = f(sm, seg[l]);
                        l++;
                    }
                }
                return l - size;
            }
            sm = f(sm, seg[l]);
            l++;
        } while ((l & -l) != l);
        return N;
    }

    // check(a[l] * ... * a[r-1]) が true となる最小の l
    // (左端まで true なら 0 を返す)
    template <typename C> int min_left(int r, C check) {
        assert(0 <= r && r <= N);
        assert(check(I) == true);
        if (r == 0) return 0;
        r += size;
        T sm = I;
        do {
            r--;
            while (r > 1 && (r % 2)) r >>= 1;
            if (!check(f(seg[r], sm))) {
                while (r < size) {
                    r = (2 * r + 1);
                    if (check(f(seg[r], sm))) {
                        sm = f(seg[r], sm);
                        r--;
                    }
                }
                return r + 1 - size;
            }
            sm = f(seg[r], sm);
        } while ((r & -r) != r);
        return 0;
    }
};
#line 6 "data-structure-2d/segment-tree-on-range-tree.hpp"

// S ... index_type
// T ... value_type
// F ... function_type
template <typename S, typename T, typename F> struct RangeTree {
    using Seg = SegmentTree<T, F>;
    using P = pair<S, S>;

    S N, M;
    const F f;
    T ti;
    vector<SegmentTree<T, F>> seg;
    vector<vector<S>> ys;
    vector<P> ps;

    RangeTree(const F& f_, const T& ti_) : f(f_), ti(ti_) {
    }

    void add_point(S x, S y) {
        ps.push_back(make_pair(x, y));
    }

    void build() {
        sort(begin(ps), end(ps));
        ps.erase(unique(begin(ps), end(ps)), end(ps));
        N = ps.size();
        for (int i = 0; i < 2 * N; ++i) seg.push_back(Seg{f, ti});
        ys.resize(2 * N);
        for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
            ys[i + N].push_back(ps[i].second);
            seg[i + N].init(1);
        }
        for (int i = N - 1; i > 0; --i) {
            ys[i].resize(ys[i << 1].size() + ys[(i << 1) | 1].size());
            merge(begin(ys[(i << 1) | 0]), end(ys[(i << 1) | 0]),
                  begin(ys[(i << 1) | 1]), end(ys[(i << 1) | 1]), begin(ys[i]));
            ys[i].erase(unique(begin(ys[i]), end(ys[i])), end(ys[i]));
            seg[i].init(ys[i].size());
        }
    }

    int id(S x) const {
        return lower_bound(
                   begin(ps), end(ps), make_pair(x, S()),
                   [](const P& a, const P& b) { return a.first < b.first; }) -
               begin(ps);
    }

    int id(int i, S y) const {
        return lower_bound(begin(ys[i]), end(ys[i]), y) - begin(ys[i]);
    }

    void add(S x, S y, T a) {
        int i = lower_bound(begin(ps), end(ps), make_pair(x, y)) - begin(ps);
        assert(ps[i] == make_pair(x, y));
        for (i += N; i; i >>= 1) seg[i].add(id(i, y), a);
    }

    T sum(S xl, S yl, S xr, S yr) {
        T L = ti, R = ti;
        int a = id(xl), b = id(xr);
        for (a += N, b += N; a < b; a >>= 1, b >>= 1) {
            if (a & 1) L = f(L, seg[a].query(id(a, yl), id(a, yr))), ++a;
            if (b & 1) --b, R = f(seg[b].query(id(b, yl), id(b, yr)), R);
        }
        return f(L, R);
    }
};

/*
 * @brief 領域木(Segment Tree)
 */
void solve() {
    auto f = [](int a, int b) { return max(a, b); };

    RangeTree<int, int, decltype(f)> rtree(f, -1000000);
    INT(H, W, N, P);
    VEC2(int, X, Y, N);
    X--;
    Y--;
    vec<int> id(N);
    iota(all(id), 0);
    sort(all(id), [&](int i, int j) { return X[i] + Y[i] < X[j] + Y[j]; });
    rearrange(id, X, Y);
    rtree.add_point(0, 0);
    rep(i, N) rtree.add_point(X[i], Y[i]);
    rtree.build();

    rtree.add(0, 0, 0);
    rep(i, N) {
        int v = rtree.sum(0, 0, X[i] + 1, Y[i] + 1);
        debug(X[i], Y[i], v);
        rtree.add(X[i], Y[i], v + 1);
        debug(rtree.sum(0, 0, H, W));
    }
    int cnt = rtree.sum(0, 0, H, W);
    debug(cnt);
    mint ans = mint(1) - ((mint(P - 2) / P).pow(cnt) *
                          (mint(P - 1) / P).pow(H + W - 3 - cnt));
    print(ans);
}

int main() {
    int T = 1;
    // cin >> T;
    for (int i = 0; i < T; i++) {
        solve();
    }
}
0