結果
| 問題 | No.2611 Count 01 |
| ユーザー |
👑  p-adic
|
| 提出日時 | 2024-02-04 09:01:31 |
| 言語 | C++17 (gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0) |
| 結果 |
AC
|
| 実行時間 | 973 ms / 6,000 ms |
| コード長 | 55,279 bytes |
| コンパイル時間 | 5,328 ms |
| コンパイル使用メモリ | 255,240 KB |
| 実行使用メモリ | 24,576 KB |
| 最終ジャッジ日時 | 2024-09-28 11:11:35 |
| 合計ジャッジ時間 | 24,488 ms |
|
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報） |
judge1 / judge3 |
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テストケース
テストケース表示| 入力 | 結果 | 実行時間 実行使用メモリ |
|---|---|---|
| testcase_00 | AC | 2 ms
5,248 KB |
| testcase_01 | AC | 2 ms
5,248 KB |
| testcase_02 | AC | 2 ms
5,376 KB |
| testcase_03 | AC | 932 ms
24,556 KB |
| testcase_04 | AC | 933 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_05 | AC | 928 ms
24,556 KB |
| testcase_06 | AC | 941 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_07 | AC | 936 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_08 | AC | 930 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_09 | AC | 929 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_10 | AC | 899 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_11 | AC | 911 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_12 | AC | 921 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_13 | AC | 881 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_14 | AC | 921 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_15 | AC | 898 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_16 | AC | 973 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_17 | AC | 898 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_18 | AC | 884 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_19 | AC | 881 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_20 | AC | 890 ms
24,448 KB |
| testcase_21 | AC | 918 ms
24,576 KB |
| testcase_22 | AC | 924 ms
24,576 KB |
ソースコード
#ifndef INCLUDE_MODE
#define INCLUDE_MODE
// #define REACTIVE
// #define USE_GETLINE
#endif
#ifdef INCLUDE_MAIN
IN VO Solve()
{
CIN( int , N , Q );
CIN( string , S );
// 解説における0の個数、1の個数、aの総和、bの総和、abの総和、cの総和、dの総和、cdの総和、gの値
using type = tuple<MP,MP,MP,MP,MP,MP,MP,MP,MP>;
vector<type> A( N );
type O{ 1 , 0 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 0 };
type I{ 0 , 1 , 0 , 1 , 0 , 0 , 1 , 0 , 0 };
FOR( i , 0 , N ){
A[i] = S[i] == '0' ? O : I;
}
auto ADD = [&]( const type& v1 , const type& v2 ){
auto& [O1,I1,a1,b1,ab1,c1,d1,cd1,g1] = v1;
auto& [O2,I2,a2,b2,ab2,c2,d2,cd2,g2] = v2;
return type{
O1 + O2 , I1 + I2 ,
a1 + ( O1 + I1 ) * O2 + a2 , b1 + ( O1 + I1 ) * I2 + b2 ,
ab1 + O2 * b1 + a1 * I2 + ( O1 + I1 ) * O2 * I2 + ab2 ,
c1 + O1 * ( O2 + I2 ) + c2 , d1 + I1 * ( O2 + I2 ) + d2 ,
cd1 + O1 * I1 * ( O2 + I2 ) + O1 * d2 + c2 * I1 + cd2 ,
g1 + g2 + a1 * d2 + ab1 * ( O2 + I2 ) + ( O1 + I1 ) * cd2 + b1 * c2
};
};
MonoidBIT bit( AbstractMonoid( ADD , type{} ) , A );
FOR( q , 0 , Q ){
CIN( int , type );
if( type == 1 ){
CIN( ll , x ); x--;
if( S[x] == '0' ){
S[x] = '1';
bit.Set( x , I );
} else {
S[x] = '0';
bit.Set( x , O );
}
} else if( type == 2 ){
CIN( ll , x , y ); x--; y--;
auto answer = get<8>( bit.IntervalProduct( x , y ) );
COUT( answer );
}
}
}
REPEAT_MAIN(1);
#else // INCLUDE_MAIN
#ifdef INCLUDE_SUB
// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Naive( int N , int M , int K )
{
ll answer = N + M + K;
return answer;
}
// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Answer( ll N , ll M , ll K )
{
// START_WATCH;
ll answer = N + M + K;
// // TLに準じる乱択や全探索。デフォルトの猶予は100.0[ms]。
// CEXPR( double , TL , 2000.0 );
// while( CHECK_WATCH( TL ) ){
// }
return answer;
}
// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
IN VO Experiment()
{
// CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
// FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
// FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
// FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
// COUT( N , M , K , ":" , Naive( N , M , K ) );
// }
// }
// // cout << Naive( N ) << ",\n"[N==bound];
// }
}
// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
IN VO SmallTest()
{
// CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
// FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
// FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
// FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
// COMPARE( N , M , K );
// }
// }
// // COMPARE( N );
// }
}
#define INCLUDE_MAIN
#include __FILE__
#else // INCLUDE_SUB
#ifdef INCLUDE_LIBRARY
/*
C-x 3 C-x o C-x C-fによるファイル操作用
BFS:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/BreadthFirstSearch/compress.txt
CoordinateCompress:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/CoordinateCompress/compress.txt
DFSOnTree
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/DepthFirstSearch/Tree/a.hpp
Divisor:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Prime/Divisor/compress.txt
IntervalAddBIT
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/AffineSpace/BIT/IntervalAdd/compress.txt
Polynomial
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Polynomial/compress.txt
UnionFind
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/UnionFindForest/compress.txt
*/
// VVV 常設でないライブラリは以下に挿入する。
// M.One()による初期化O(N)
// 配列による初期化O(N)
// 入力の範囲内で要件
// (1) MがUのモノイド構造である。
// を満たす場合にのみサポート。
// 一点取得O(1)
// LSB切片積取得O(1)（left:a[j-(j&-j)]*...*a[j-1]、right:a[j-1]*...*a[j+(j&-j)-1]）
// 区間積取得O(log_2 N)（a[i_start]*...*a[i_final]）
// 一点更新O((log_2 N)^2)
// 以下は入力の範囲内で要件
// (2) operator<(const U&,const U&)に関してMがUの全順序モノイド構造である。
// (3) 各成分がM.One()より小さくない。
// を満たす場合にのみサポート。
// 始切片積がu以上となる要素の添字の最小値の二分探索O(log_2 size)
// そのうちの区間積取得と一点更新は
// M. Dima, R. Ceterchi, Efficient Range Minimum Queries using Binary Indexed Trees, Olympiads in Informatics, 2015, Vol. 9, 39--44
// の手法を一般のモノイドに拡張することで実装
template <typename U , typename MONOID>
class MonoidBIT
{
private:
int m_size;
MONOID m_M;
vector<U> m_a;
vector<U> m_fenwick_0;
vector<U> m_fenwick_1;
int m_power;
public:
inline MonoidBIT( MONOID M );
inline MonoidBIT( MONOID M , vector<U> a );
inline void Set( vector<U>&& a );
void Set( const int& i , const U& u );
inline const U& operator[]( const int& i ) const;
inline const U& Get( const int& i ) const;
inline const U& LSBSegmentProduct( const int& j , const bool& left = true ) const;
U IntervalProduct( const int& i_start , const int& i_final );
// IntervalSegmentProduct( 0 , i )がt以上となるiが存在する場合にその最小値を2進法で探索。
// 存在しない場合はN以上の最小の2羃×2-1を返す（N以上であることで判定可能）。
int BinarySearch( const U& u );
};
template <typename MONOID> MonoidBIT( MONOID M ) -> MonoidBIT<inner_t<MONOID>,MONOID>;
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::MonoidBIT( MONOID M ) : MonoidBIT( move( M ) , vector<U>() ) {}
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::MonoidBIT( MONOID m_U , vector<U> a ) : m_size( a.size() ) , m_M( move( m_U ) ) , m_a( move( a ) ) , m_fenwick_0( m_size + 1 , m_M.One() ) , m_fenwick_1( m_fenwick_0 ) , m_power( 1 )
{
static_assert( is_same_v<U,inner_t<MONOID>> );
for( int i = 0 ; i < m_size ; i++ ){
int j = i + 1;
U& fenwick_0i = m_fenwick_0[j];
fenwick_0i = m_a[i];
const int j_llim = j - ( j & -j );
j--;
while( j > j_llim ){
fenwick_0i = m_M.Product( m_fenwick_0[j] , fenwick_0i );
j -= ( j & -j );
}
}
for( int i = m_size - 1 ; i >= 0 ; i-- ){
int j = i + 1;
U& fenwick_1i = m_fenwick_1[j];
fenwick_1i = m_a[i];
const int j_ulim = min( j + ( j & -j ) , m_size + 1 );
j++;
while( j < j_ulim ){
fenwick_1i = m_M.Product( fenwick_1i , m_fenwick_1[j] );
j += ( j & -j );
}
}
while( m_power < m_size ){
m_power <<= 1;
}
}
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline void MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::Set( vector<U>&& a ) { *this = MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>( move( m_M ) , move( a ) ); }
template <typename U , typename MONOID>
void MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::Set( const int& i , const U& u )
{
U& ai = m_a[i] = u;
int j = i + 1;
while( j <= m_size ){
const int lsb = ( j & -j );
// 左右の区間積を更新する方が定数倍早そうだが逆に遅くなる。
// https://yukicoder.me/submissions/947846/diff/947765
m_fenwick_0[j] = m_M.Product( m_M.Product( IntervalProduct( j - lsb , i - 1 ) , ai ) , IntervalProduct( i + 1 , j - 1 ) );
j += lsb;
}
j = i + 1;
while( j > 0 ){
const int lsb = ( j & -j );
m_fenwick_1[j] = m_M.Product( m_M.Product( IntervalProduct( j - 1 , i - 1 ) , ai ) , IntervalProduct( i + 1 , j + lsb - 2 ) );
j -= lsb;
}
return;
}
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline const U& MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::operator[]( const int& i ) const { assert( 0 <= i && i < m_size ); return m_a[i]; }
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline const U& MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::Get( const int& i ) const { return operator[]( i ); }
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline const U& MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::LSBSegmentProduct( const int& j , const bool& left ) const { assert( 0 < j && j <= m_size ); return ( left ? m_fenwick_0 : m_fenwick_1 )[j]; }
template <typename U , typename MONOID>
U MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::IntervalProduct( const int& i_start , const int& i_final )
{
const int j_min = max( i_start + 1 , 1 );
const int j_max = min( i_final + 1 , m_size );
if( j_min > j_max ){
return m_M.One();
}
U answer1 = m_M.One();
int j = j_min;
int j_next = j + ( j & -j );
while( j_next <= j_max ){
answer1 = m_M.Product( answer1 , m_fenwick_1[j] );
j = j_next;
j_next += ( j & -j );
}
answer1 = m_M.Product( answer1 , m_a[j-1] );
U answer0 = m_M.One();
j = j_max;
j_next = j - ( j & -j );
while( j_next >= j_min ){
answer0 = m_M.Product( m_fenwick_0[j] , answer0 );
j = j_next;
j_next -= ( j & -j );
}
return m_M.Product( answer1 , answer0 );
}
template <typename U , typename MONOID> inline int MonoidBIT<U,MONOID>::BinarySearch( const U& u )
{
int j = 0;
int power = m_power;
U sum = m_M.One();
U sum_next = sum;
while( power > 0 ){
int j_next = j | power;
if( j_next < m_size ){
sum_next = m_M.Product( sum_next , m_fenwick_0[j_next] );
if( sum_next < u ){
sum = sum_next;
j = j_next;
} else {
sum_next = sum;
}
}
power >>= 1;
}
// m_a[0]*...*m_a[i]がt未満となるiが存在するならばjはその最大値に1を足したものとなり、
// そのようなiが存在しないならばj=0となり、
// いずれの場合もjはm_a[0]*...*m_a[i]がu以上となる最小のiと等しい。
return j;
}
// AAA 常設でないライブラリは以上に挿入する。
#define INCLUDE_SUB
#include __FILE__
#else // INCLUDE_LIBRARY
#ifdef DEBUG
#define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
#define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; signal( SIGABRT , &AlertAbort ); AutoCheck( exec_mode , use_getline ); if( exec_mode == sample_debug_mode || exec_mode == submission_debug_mode || exec_mode == library_search_mode ){ RE 0; } else if( exec_mode == experiment_mode ){ Experiment(); RE 0; } else if( exec_mode == small_test_mode ){ SmallTest(); RE 0; }; DEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND , min( BOUND , 100 ) ); int test_case_num = 1; if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( "ランダムテストを行う回数を指定してください。" ); SET_LL( test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN
#define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE , DEBUG_VALUE ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , DEBUG_VALUE )
#define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) CERR( "ASSERTチェック： " , ( MIN ) , ( ( MIN ) <= A ? "<=" : ">" ) , A , ( A <= ( MAX ) ? "<=" : ">" ) , ( MAX ) ); AS( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
#define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ); } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( #A , " = " , ( A = GetRand( MIN , MAX ) ) ); } else { AS( false ); }
#define SOLVE_ONLY ST_AS( __FUNCTION__[0] == 'S' )
#define CERR( ... ) VariadicCout( cerr , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
#define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout << "出力： " , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
#define CERR_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cerr , A , N ) << endl
#define COUT_A( A , N ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << endl
#define CERR_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cerr , A ) << endl
#define COUT_ITR( A ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << endl
#else
#pragma GCC optimize ( "O3" )
#pragma GCC optimize ( "unroll-loops" )
#pragma GCC target ( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" )
#define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; CEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND ); int test_case_num = 1; if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN
#define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE , DEBUG_VALUE ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE )
#define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) AS( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
#define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
#define SOLVE_ONLY
#define CERR( ... )
#define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout , __VA_ARGS__ ) << ENDL
#define CERR_A( A , N )
#define COUT_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << ENDL
#define CERR_ITR( A )
#define COUT_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << ENDL
#endif
#ifdef REACTIVE
#define ENDL endl
#else
#define ENDL "\n"
#endif
#ifdef USE_GETLINE
#define SET_LL( A ) { GETLINE( A ## _str ); A = stoll( A ## _str ); }
#define GETLINE_SEPARATE( SEPARATOR , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; string __VA_ARGS__; VariadicGetline( cin , SEPARATOR , __VA_ARGS__ )
#define GETLINE( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; GETLINE_SEPARATE( '\n' , __VA_ARGS__ )
#else
#define SET_LL( A ) cin >> A
#define CIN( LL , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; LL __VA_ARGS__; VariadicCin( cin , __VA_ARGS__ )
#define SET_A( A , N ) SOLVE_ONLY; FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_A , 0 , N ){ cin >> A[VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_A]; }
#define CIN_A( LL , A , N ) VE<LL> A( N ); SET_A( A , N );
#endif
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define ATT __attribute__( ( target( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" ) ) )
#define START_MAIN int main(){ ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr )
#define FINISH_MAIN REPEAT( test_case_num ){ if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ CERR( "testcase " , VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_test_case_num , ":" ); } Solve(); CERR( "" ); } }
#define START_WATCH chrono::system_clock::time_point watch = chrono::system_clock::now()
#define CURRENT_TIME static_cast<double>( chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>( chrono::system_clock::now() - watch ).count() / 1000.0 )
#define CHECK_WATCH( TL_MS ) ( CURRENT_TIME < TL_MS - 100.0 )
#define CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE ) CE LL BOUND = VALUE
#define CIN_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) decldecay_t( MAX ) A; SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
#define FOR( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQ( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR <= FINAL ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQINV( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( INITIAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR + 1 > FINAL ; VAR -- )
#define AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) auto itr_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .BE() , end_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .EN()
#define FOR_ITR( ARRAY ) for( AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) , itr = itr_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY != end_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY ++ , itr++ )
#define REPEAT( HOW_MANY_TIMES ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_ ## HOW_MANY_TIMES , 0 , HOW_MANY_TIMES )
#define SET_PRECISION( DECIMAL_DIGITS ) cout << fixed << setprecision( DECIMAL_DIGITS )
#define OUTPUT_ARRAY( OS , A , N ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY , 0 , N ){ OS << A[VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY] << (VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY==N-1?"":" "); } OS
#define OUTPUT_ITR( OS , A ) { auto ITERATOR_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.BE() , EN_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.EN(); bool VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR; WH( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR ){ OS << *ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR; ( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ++ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR ) ? OS : OS << " "; } } OS
#define RETURN( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; COUT( __VA_ARGS__ ); RE
#define COMPARE( ... ) auto naive = Naive( __VA_ARGS__ ); auto answer = Answer( __VA_ARGS__ ); bool match = naive == answer; COUT( "(" , #__VA_ARGS__ , ") == (" , __VA_ARGS__ , ") : Naive == " , naive , match ? "==" : "!=" , answer , "== Answer" ); if( !match ){ RE; }
// 圧縮用
#define TE template
#define TY typename
#define US using
#define ST static
#define AS assert
#define IN inline
#define CL class
#define PU public
#define OP operator
#define CE constexpr
#define CO const
#define NE noexcept
#define RE return
#define WH while
#define VO void
#define VE vector
#define LI list
#define BE begin
#define EN end
#define SZ size
#define LE length
#define PW Power
#define MO move
#define TH this
#define CRI CO int&
#define CRUI CO uint&
#define CRL CO ll&
#define VI virtual
#define ST_AS static_assert
#define reMO_CO remove_const
#define is_COructible_v is_constructible_v
#define rBE rbegin
#define reSZ resize
// 型のエイリアス
#define decldecay_t( VAR ) decay_t<decltype( VAR )>
TE <TY F , TY...Args> US ret_t = decltype( declval<F>()( declval<Args>()... ) );
TE <TY T> US inner_t = TY T::type;
US uint = unsigned int;
US ll = long long;
US ull = unsigned long long;
US ld = long double;
US lld = __float128;
TE <TY INT> US T2 = pair<INT,INT>;
TE <TY INT> US T3 = tuple<INT,INT,INT>;
TE <TY INT> US T4 = tuple<INT,INT,INT,INT>;
US path = pair<int,ll>;
// 入出力用
TE <CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is ) { RE is; }
TE <CL Traits , TY Arg , TY... ARGS> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , Arg& arg , ARGS&... args ) { RE VariadicCin( is >> arg , args... ); }
TE <CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , CO char& separator ) { RE is; }
TE <CL Traits , TY Arg , TY... ARGS> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , CO char& separator , Arg& arg , ARGS&... args ) { RE VariadicGetline( getline( is , arg , separator ) , separator , args... ); }
TE <CL Traits , TY Arg> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& operator<<( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , CO VE<Arg>& arg ) { auto BE = arg.BE() , EN = arg.EN(); auto itr = BE; WH( itr != EN ){ ( itr == BE ? os : os << " " ) << *itr; itr++; } RE os; }
TE <CL Traits , TY Arg> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , CO Arg& arg ) { RE os << arg; }
TE <CL Traits , TY Arg1 , TY Arg2 , TY... ARGS> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , CO Arg1& arg1 , CO Arg2& arg2 , CO ARGS&... args ) { RE VariadicCout( os << arg1 << " " , arg2 , args... ); }
// 算術用
TE <TY T> CE T PositiveBaseResidue( CO T& a , CO T& p ){ RE a >= 0 ? a % p : p - 1 - ( ( - ( a + 1 ) ) % p ); }
TE <TY T> CE T Residue( CO T& a , CO T& p ){ RE PositiveBaseResidue( a , p < 0 ? -p : p ); }
TE <TY T> CE T PositiveBaseQuotient( CO T& a , CO T& p ){ RE ( a - PositiveBaseResidue( a , p ) ) / p; }
TE <TY T> CE T Quotient( CO T& a , CO T& p ){ RE p < 0 ? PositiveBaseQuotient( -a , -p ) : PositiveBaseQuotient( a , p ); }
#define POWER( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT ) \
ST_AS( ! is_same<decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ),int>::value && ! is_same<decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ),uint>::value ); \
decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ) ANSWER{ 1 }; \
{ \
decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ) ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT ); \
decldecay_t( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT ); \
WH( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){ \
if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){ \
ANSWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER; \
} \
ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER; \
EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2; \
} \
} \
#define POWER_MOD( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT , MODULO ) \
ll ANSWER{ 1 }; \
{ \
ll ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ( ARGUMENT ) % ( MODULO ) ) % ( MODULO ); \
ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER < 0 ? ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER += ( MODULO ) : ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER; \
decldecay_t( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT ); \
WH( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){ \
if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){ \
ANSWER = ( ANSWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
} \
ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2; \
} \
} \
#define FACTORIAL_MOD( ANSWER , ANSWER_INV , INVERSE , MAX_INDEX , CE_LENGTH , MODULO ) \
ll ANSWER[CE_LENGTH]; \
ll ANSWER_INV[CE_LENGTH]; \
ll INVERSE[CE_LENGTH]; \
{ \
ll VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1; \
ANSWER[0] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL; \
FOREQ( i , 1 , MAX_INDEX ){ \
ANSWER[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= i ) %= ( MODULO ); \
} \
ANSWER_INV[0] = ANSWER_INV[1] = INVERSE[1] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1; \
FOREQ( i , 2 , MAX_INDEX ){ \
ANSWER_INV[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= INVERSE[i] = ( MODULO ) - ( ( ( ( MODULO ) / i ) * INVERSE[ ( MODULO ) % i ] ) % ( MODULO ) ) ) %= ( MODULO ); \
} \
} \
// 二分探索用
// EXPRESSIONがANSWERの広義単調関数の時、EXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの整数解を格納。
#define BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , DESIRED_INEQUALITY , CO_TARGET , INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK , UPDATE_U , UPDATE_L , UPDATE_ANSWER ) \
ST_AS( ! is_same<decldecay_t( CO_TARGET ),uint>::value && ! is_same<decldecay_t( CO_TARGET ),ull>::value ); \
ll ANSWER = MINIMUM; \
{ \
ll L_BS = MINIMUM; \
ll U_BS = MAXIMUM; \
ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER; \
ll EXPRESSION_BS; \
CO ll CO_TARGET_BS = ( CO_TARGET ); \
ll DIFFERENCE_BS; \
WH( L_BS < U_BS ){ \
DIFFERENCE_BS = ( EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION ) ) - CO_TARGET_BS; \
CERR( "二分探索中：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #EXPRESSION , "-" , #CO_TARGET , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , "-" , CO_TARGET_BS , "=" , DIFFERENCE_BS ); \
if( DIFFERENCE_BS INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK 0 ){ \
U_BS = UPDATE_U; \
} else { \
L_BS = UPDATE_L; \
} \
ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER; \
} \
if( L_BS > U_BS ){ \
CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , ">" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1 ); \
CERR( "二分探索マクロにミスがある可能性があります。変更前の版に戻してください。" ); \
ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1; \
} else { \
CERR( "二分探索終了：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS" ); \
CERR( "二分探索が成功したかを確認するために" , #EXPRESSION , "を計算します。" ); \
CERR( "成功判定が不要な場合はこの計算を削除しても構いません。" ); \
EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION ); \
CERR( "二分探索結果：" , #EXPRESSION , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , ( EXPRESSION_BS > CO_TARGET_BS ? ">" : EXPRESSION_BS < CO_TARGET_BS ? "<" : "=" ) , CO_TARGET_BS ); \
if( EXPRESSION_BS DESIRED_INEQUALITY CO_TARGET_BS ){ \
CERR( "二分探索成功：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , ANSWER ); \
} else { \
CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1 ); \
CERR( "単調でないか、単調増加性と単調減少性を逆にしてしまったか、探索範囲内に解が存在しません。" ); \
ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1; \
} \
} \
} \
// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS1( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) \
BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CO_TARGET , >= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 ) \
// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION <= CO_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS2( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) \
BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CO_TARGET , > , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 ) \
// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS3( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) \
BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CO_TARGET , < , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 ) \
// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION <= CO_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS4( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) \
BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CO_TARGET , <= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 ) \
// t以下の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MaximumLeq( set<T>& S , CO T& t ) { CO auto EN = S.EN(); if( S.empty() ){ RE EN; } auto itr = S.upper_bound( t ); RE itr == EN ? S.find( *( S.rBE() ) ) : itr == S.BE() ? EN : --itr; }
// t未満の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MaximumLt( set<T>& S , CO T& t ) { CO auto EN = S.EN(); if( S.empty() ){ RE EN; } auto itr = S.lower_bound( t ); RE itr == EN ? S.find( *( S.rBE() ) ) : itr == S.BE() ? EN : --itr; }
// t以上の値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MinimumGeq( set<T>& S , CO T& t ) { RE S.lower_bound( t ); }
// tより大きい値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MinimumGt( set<T>& S , CO T& t ) { RE S.upper_bound( t ); }
// データ構造用
TE <TY T , TE <TY...> TY V> IN V<T> OP+( CO V<T>& a0 , CO V<T>& a1 ) { if( a0.empty() ){ RE a1; } if( a1.empty() ){ RE a0; } AS( a0.SZ() == a1.SZ() ); V<T> answer{}; for( auto itr0 = a0.BE() , itr1 = a1.BE() , EN0 = a0.EN(); itr0 != EN0 ; itr0++ , itr1++ ){ answer.push_back( *itr0 + *itr1 ); } RE answer; }
TE <TY T , TY U> IN pair<T,U> OP+( CO pair<T,U>& t0 , CO pair<T,U>& t1 ) { RE { t0.first + t1.first , t0.second + t1.second }; }
TE <TY T , TY U , TY V> IN tuple<T,U,V> OP+( CO tuple<T,U,V>& t0 , CO tuple<T,U,V>& t1 ) { RE { get<0>( t0 ) + get<0>( t1 ) , get<1>( t0 ) + get<1>( t1 ) , get<2>( t0 ) + get<2>( t1 ) }; }
TE <TY T , TY U , TY V , TY W> IN tuple<T,U,V,W> OP+( CO tuple<T,U,V,W>& t0 , CO tuple<T,U,V,W>& t1 ) { RE { get<0>( t0 ) + get<0>( t1 ) , get<1>( t0 ) + get<1>( t1 ) , get<2>( t0 ) + get<2>( t1 ) , get<3>( t0 ) + get<3>( t1 ) }; }
TE <TY T> IN T Add( CO T& t0 , CO T& t1 ) { RE t0 + t1; }
TE <TY T> IN T XorAdd( CO T& t0 , CO T& t1 ){ RE t0 ^ t1; }
TE <TY T> IN T Multiply( CO T& t0 , CO T& t1 ) { RE t0 * t1; }
TE <TY T> IN CO T& Zero() { ST CO T z{}; RE z; }
TE <TY T> IN CO T& One() { ST CO T o = 1; RE o; }\
TE <TY T> IN T AddInv( CO T& t ) { RE -t; }
TE <TY T> IN T Id( CO T& v ) { RE v; }
TE <TY T> IN T Min( CO T& a , CO T& b ){ RE a < b ? a : b; }
TE <TY T> IN T Max( CO T& a , CO T& b ){ RE a < b ? b : a; }
// グラフ用
TE <TY T , TE <TY...> TY V> IN auto Get( CO V<T>& a ) { return [&]( CRI i = 0 ){ RE a[i]; }; }
// グリッド問題用
int H , W , H_minus , W_minus , HW;
VE<VE<bool>> non_wall;
IN T2<int> EnumHW( CRI v ) { RE { v / W , v % W }; }
IN int EnumHW_inv( CRI h , CRI w ) { RE h * W + w; }
CO string direction[4] = {"U","R","D","L"};
// (i,j)->(k,h)の方向番号を取得
IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid( CRI i , CRI j , CRI k , CRI h ){RE i<k?2:i>k?0:j<h?1:j>h?3:(AS(false),-1);}
// v->wの方向番号を取得
IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid( CRI v , CRI w ){auto [i,j]=EnumHW(v);auto [k,h]=EnumHW(w);RE DirectionNumberOnGrid(i,j,k,h);}
// 方向番号の反転U<->D、R<->L
IN int ReverseDirectionNumberOnGrid( CRI n ){AS(0<=n&&n<4);RE(n+2)%4;}
IN VO SetEdgeOnGrid( CO string& Si , CRI i , LI<int> ( &e )[] , CO char& walkable = '.' ){FOR(j,0,W){if(Si[j]==walkable){int v = EnumHW_inv(i,j);if(i>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i-1,j)].push_back(v);}if(i+1<H){e[EnumHW_inv(i+1,j)].push_back(v);}if(j>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j-1)].push_back(v);}if(j+1<W){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j+1)].push_back(v);}}}}
IN VO SetEdgeOnGrid( CO string& Si , CRI i , LI<path> ( &e )[] , CO char& walkable = '.' ){FOR(j,0,W){if(Si[j]==walkable){CO int v=EnumHW_inv(i,j);if(i>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i-1,j)].push_back({v,1});}if(i+1<H){e[EnumHW_inv(i+1,j)].push_back({v,1});}if(j>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j-1)].push_back({v,1});}if(j+1<W){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j+1)].push_back({v,1});}}}}
IN VO SetWallOnGrid( CO string& Si , CRI i , VE<VE<bool>>& non_wall , CO char& walkable = '.' , CO char& unwalkable = '#' ){non_wall.push_back(VE<bool>(W));auto& non_wall_i=non_wall[i];FOR(j,0,W){non_wall_i[j]=Si[j]==walkable?true:(assert(Si[j]==unwalkable),false);}}
// デバッグ用
#ifdef DEBUG
IN VO AlertAbort( int n ) { CERR( "abort関数が呼ばれました。assertマクロのメッセージが出力されていない場合はオーバーフローの有無を確認をしてください。" ); }
VO AutoCheck( int& exec_mode , CO bool& use_getline );
IN VO Solve();
IN VO Experiment();
IN VO SmallTest();
IN VO RandomTest();
ll GetRand( CRL Rand_min , CRL Rand_max );
IN VO BreakPoint( CRI LINE ) {}
int exec_mode;
CEXPR( int , solve_mode , 0 );
CEXPR( int , sample_debug_mode , 1 );
CEXPR( int , submission_debug_mode , 2 );
CEXPR( int , library_search_mode , 3 );
CEXPR( int , experiment_mode , 4 );
CEXPR( int , small_test_mode , 5 );
CEXPR( int , random_test_mode , 6 );
#ifdef USE_GETLINE
CEXPR( bool , use_getline , true );
#else
CEXPR( bool , use_getline , false );
#endif
#else
ll GetRand( CRL Rand_min , CRL Rand_max ) { ll answer = time( NULL ); RE answer * rand() % ( Rand_max + 1 - Rand_min ) + Rand_min; }
#endif
// VVV 常設ライブラリは以下に挿入する。
// Map
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Function/Map/compress.txt
CL is_ordered{PU:is_ordered()= delete;TE <TY T> ST CE auto Check(CO T& t)-> decltype(t < t,true_type());ST CE false_type Check(...);TE <TY T> ST CE CO bool value = is_same_v< decltype(Check(declval<T>())),true_type >;};
TE <TY T , TY U>US Map = conditional_t<is_COructible_v<unordered_map<T,int>>,unordered_map<T,U>,conditional_t<is_ordered::value<T>,map<T,U>,VO>>;
// Algebra
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Algebra/compress.txt
#define DC_OF_CPOINT(POINT)IN CO U& POINT()CO NE
#define DC_OF_POINT(POINT)IN U& POINT() NE
#define DF_OF_CPOINT(POINT)TE <TY U> IN CO U& VirtualPointedSet<U>::POINT()CO NE{RE Point();}
#define DF_OF_POINT(POINT)TE <TY U> IN U& VirtualPointedSet<U>::POINT()NE{RE Point();}
TE <TY U>CL UnderlyingSet{PU:US type = U;};TE <TY U>CL VirtualPointedSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI CO U& Point()CO NE = 0;VI U& Point() NE = 0;DC_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DC_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DC_OF_CPOINT(One);DC_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DC_OF_POINT(init);DC_OF_POINT(root);};TE <TY U>CL PointedSet:VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>{PU:U m_b_U;IN PointedSet(CO U& b_u = U());IN CO U& Point()CO NE;IN U& Point() NE;};TE <TY U>CL VirtualNSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI U Transfer(CO U& u)= 0;IN U Inverse(CO U& u);};TE <TY U,TY F_U>CL AbstractNSet:VI PU VirtualNSet<U>{PU:F_U& m_f_U;IN AbstractNSet(F_U& f_U);IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE <TY U>CL VirtualMagma:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI U Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1)= 0;IN U Sum(CO U& u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:IN U Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U = ll>CL MultiplicativeMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:IN U Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U,TY M_U>CL AbstractMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:M_U& m_m_U;IN AbstractMagma(M_U& m_U);IN U Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1);};
TE <TY U> IN PointedSet<U>::PointedSet(CO U& b_U):m_b_U(b_U){}TE <TY U> IN CO U& PointedSet<U>::Point()CO NE{RE m_b_U;}TE <TY U> IN U& PointedSet<U>::Point()NE{RE m_b_U;}DF_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DF_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DF_OF_CPOINT(One);DF_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DF_OF_POINT(init);DF_OF_POINT(root);TE <TY U,TY F_U> IN AbstractNSet<U,F_U>::AbstractNSet(F_U& f_U):m_f_U(f_U){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v<U,F_U,U>);}TE <TY U,TY F_U> IN U AbstractNSet<U,F_U>::Transfer(CO U& u){RE m_f_U(u);}TE <TY U> IN U VirtualNSet<U>::Inverse(CO U& u){RE Transfer(u);}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN AbstractMagma<U,M_U>::AbstractMagma(M_U& m_U):m_m_U(m_U){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v<U,M_U,U,U>);}TE <TY U> IN U AdditiveMagma<U>::Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1){RE u0 + u1;}TE <TY U> IN U MultiplicativeMagma<U>::Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1){RE u0 * u1;}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN U AbstractMagma<U,M_U>::Product(CO U& u0,CO U& u1){RE m_m_U(u0,u1);}TE <TY U> IN U VirtualMagma<U>::Sum(CO U& u0,CO U& u1){RE Product(u0,u1);}
TE <TY U>CL VirtualMonoid:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>,VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU AdditiveMagma<U>,PU PointedSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL MultiplicativeMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU MultiplicativeMagma<U>,PU PointedSet<U>{PU:IN MultiplicativeMonoid(CO U& e_U);};TE <TY U,TY M_U>CL AbstractMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU AbstractMagma<U,M_U>,PU PointedSet<U>{PU:IN AbstractMonoid(M_U& m_U,CO U& e_U);};
TE <TY U> IN MultiplicativeMonoid<U>::MultiplicativeMonoid(CO U& e_U):PointedSet<U>(e_U){}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>::AbstractMonoid(M_U& m_U,CO U& e_U):AbstractMagma<U,M_U>(m_U),PointedSet<U>(e_U){}
TE <TY U>CL VirtualGroup:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>,VI PU VirtualNSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup<U>,PU AdditiveMonoid<U>{PU:IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE <TY U,TY M_U,TY I_U>CL AbstractGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup<U>,PU AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>,PU AbstractNSet<U,I_U>{PU:IN AbstractGroup(M_U& m_U,CO U& e_U,I_U& i_U);IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};
TE <TY U,TY M_U,TY I_U> IN AbstractGroup<U,M_U,I_U>::AbstractGroup(M_U& m_U,CO U& e_U,I_U& i_U):AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>(m_U,e_U),AbstractNSet<U,I_U>(i_U){}TE <TY U,TY M_U,TY I_U> IN U AbstractGroup<U,M_U,I_U>::Transfer(CO U& u){RE this->mf_U(u);}TE <TY U> IN U AdditiveGroup<U>::Transfer(CO U& u){RE -u;}
// Graph
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/compress.txt
TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E>CL VirtualGraph:VI PU UnderlyingSet<T>{PU:VI R1 Enumeration(CRI i)= 0;VI R2 Enumeration_inv(CO T& t)= 0;IN VO Reset();VI CRI SZ()CO NE = 0;VI E& edge()NE = 0;VI ret_t<E,T> Edge(CO T& t)= 0;};TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E>CL EdgeImplimentation:VI PU VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>{PU:int m_SZ;E m_edge;IN EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI SZ()CO NE;IN E& edge()NE;IN ret_t<E,T> Edge(CO T& t);};TE <TY E>CL Graph:PU EdgeImplimentation<int,CRI,CRI,E>{PU:IN Graph(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI Enumeration(CRI i);IN CRI Enumeration_inv(CRI t);TE <TY F> IN Graph<F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;};TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E>CL EnumerationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation<T,ret_t<Enum_T,int>,ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T>,E>{PU:Enum_T& m_enum_T;Enum_T_inv& m_enum_T_inv;IN EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T& enum_T,Enum_T_inv& enum_T_inv,E edge);IN ret_t<Enum_T,int> Enumeration(CRI i);IN ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T> Enumeration_inv(CO T& t);TE <TY F> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;};TE <TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge)-> EnumerationGraph<decldecay_t(declval<Enum_T>()(0)),Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>;TE <TY T,TY E>CL MemorisationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation<T,T,CRI,E>{PU:int m_LE;VE<T> m_memory;Map<T,int> m_memory_inv;IN MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge);IN T Enumeration(CRI i);IN CRI Enumeration_inv(CO T& t);IN VO Reset();TE <TY F> IN MemorisationGraph<T,F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;};TE <TY E> MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge)-> MemorisationGraph<decldecay_t(declval<E>()().back()),E>;TE <TY E> MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge)-> MemorisationGraph<decldecay_t(get<0>(declval<E>()().back())),E>;
TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge):m_SZ(SZ),m_edge(MO(edge)){ST_AS(is_COructible_v<T,R1> && is_COructible_v<int,R2> && is_invocable_v<E,T>);}TE <TY E> IN Graph<E>::Graph(CRI SZ,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<int,CRI,CRI,E>(SZ,MO(edge)){}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T& enum_T,Enum_T_inv& enum_T_inv,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<T,ret_t<Enum_T,int>,ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T>,E>(SZ,MO(edge)),m_enum_T(enum_T),m_enum_T_inv(enum_T_inv){}TE <TY T,TY E> IN MemorisationGraph<T,E>::MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<T,T,CRI,E>(SZ,MO(edge)),m_LE(),m_memory(),m_memory_inv(){ST_AS(is_invocable_v<E> && is_invocable_v<E,T>);}TE <TY E> IN CRI Graph<E>::Enumeration(CRI i){RE i;}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN ret_t<Enum_T,int> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::Enumeration(CRI i){RE m_enum_T(i);}TE <TY T,TY E> IN T MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Enumeration(CRI i){AS(0 <= i && i < m_LE);RE m_memory[i];}TE <TY E> IN CRI Graph<E>::Enumeration_inv(CRI i){RE i;}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::Enumeration_inv(CO T& t){RE m_enum_T_inv(t);}TE <TY T,TY E> IN CRI MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Enumeration_inv(CO T& t){if(m_memory_inv.count(t)== 0){AS(m_LE < TH->SZ());m_memory.push_back(t);RE m_memory_inv[t]= m_LE++;}RE m_memory_inv[t];}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> VO VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>::Reset(){}TE <TY T,TY E> IN VO MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Reset(){m_LE = 0;m_memory.clear();m_memory_inv.clear();}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN CRI EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::SZ()CO NE{RE m_SZ;}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN E& EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::edge()NE{RE m_edge;}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN ret_t<E,T> EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::Edge(CO T& t){RE m_edge(t);}TE <TY E> TE <TY F> IN Graph<F> Graph<E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE Graph<F>(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> TE <TY F> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE EnumerationGraph(TH->SZ(),m_enum_T,m_enum_T_inv,MO(edge));}TE <TY T,TY E> TE <TY F> IN MemorisationGraph<T,F> MemorisationGraph<T,E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE MemorisationGraph(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}
// ConstexprModulo
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Mod/ConstexprModulo/compress.txt
CEXPR(uint,P,998244353);TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT& RS(INT& n)NE{RE n < 0?((((++n)*= -1)%= M)*= -1)+= M - 1:n %= M;}TE <uint M> CE uint& RS(uint& n)NE{RE n %= M;}TE <uint M> CE ull& RS(ull& n)NE{RE n %= M;}TE <TY INT> CE INT& RSP(INT& n)NE{CE CO uint trunc =(1 << 23)- 1;INT n_u = n >> 23;n &= trunc;INT n_uq =(n_u / 7)/ 17;n_u -= n_uq * 119;n += n_u << 23;RE n < n_uq?n += P - n_uq:n -= n_uq;}TE <> CE ull& RS<P,ull>(ull& n)NE{CE CO ull Pull = P;CE CO ull Pull2 =(Pull - 1)*(Pull - 1);RE RSP(n > Pull2?n -= Pull2:n);}TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT RS(INT&& n)NE{RE MO(RS<M>(n));}TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT RS(CO INT& n)NE{RE RS<M>(INT(n));}
#define SFINAE_FOR_MOD(DEFAULT)TY T,enable_if_t<is_COructible_v<uint,decay_t<T>>>* DEFAULT
#define DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(FUNC)CE bool OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE
#define DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(FUNC)CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE;
#define DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(FUNC)TE <uint M> CE bool Mod<M>::OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE{RE m_n FUNC n.m_n;}
#define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(FUNC,FORMULA)TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)FUNC ## = n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE{RE FORMULA;}TE <uint M,SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(T&& n0,CO Mod<M>& n1)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(forward<T>(n0))FUNC ## = n1);}
TE <uint M>CL Mod{PU:uint m_n;CE Mod()NE;CE Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod(Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(CO T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(T&& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP=(Mod<M>&& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;IN Mod<M>& OP/=(CO Mod<M>& n);CE Mod<M>& OP<<=(int n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP>>=(int n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP++()NE;CE Mod<M> OP++(int)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP--()NE;CE Mod<M> OP--(int)NE;DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/);CE Mod<M> OP<<(int n)CO NE;CE Mod<M> OP>>(int n)CO NE;CE Mod<M> OP-()CO NE;CE Mod<M>& SignInvert()NE;CE Mod<M>& Double()NE;CE Mod<M>& Halve()NE;IN Mod<M>& Invert();TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& PositivePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& PW(T&& EX);CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n)NE;CE CRUI RP()CO NE;ST CE Mod<M> DeRP(CRUI n)NE;ST CE uint& Normalise(uint& n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& Inverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& Factorial(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN Mod<M> Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& zero()NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& one()NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Ref(T&& n)NE;};
#define SFINAE_FOR_MN(DEFAULT)TY T,enable_if_t<is_COructible_v<Mod<M>,decay_t<T>>>* DEFAULT
#define DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(FUNC)IN MN<M> OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> IN MN<M> OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE;
#define DF_OF_CM_FOR_MN(FUNC)TE <uint M> IN bool MN<M>::OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE{RE m_n FUNC n.m_n;}
#define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(FUNC,FORMULA)TE <uint M> IN MN<M> MN<M>::OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)FUNC ## = n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> IN MN<M> MN<M>::OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE{RE FORMULA;}TE <uint M,SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> IN MN<M> OP FUNC(T&& n0,CO MN<M>& n1)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(forward<T>(n0))FUNC ## = n1);}
TE <uint M>CL MN:PU Mod<M>{PU:CE MN()NE;CE MN(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN(MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN(MN<M>&& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN(= nullptr)> CE MN(CO T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN(= nullptr)> CE MN(T&& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP=(MN<M>&& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP+=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP-=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP*=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;IN MN<M>& OP/=(CO MN<M>& n);CE MN<M>& OP<<=(int n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP>>=(int n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP++()NE;CE MN<M> OP++(int)NE;CE MN<M>& OP--()NE;CE MN<M> OP--(int)NE;DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(+);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(-);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(*);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(/);CE MN<M> OP<<(int n)CO NE;CE MN<M> OP>>(int n)CO NE;CE MN<M> OP-()CO NE;CE MN<M>& SignInvert()NE;CE MN<M>& Double()NE;CE MN<M>& Halve()NE;CE MN<M>& Invert();TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& PositivePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& PW(T&& EX);CE uint RP()CO NE;CE Mod<M> Reduce()CO NE;ST CE MN<M> DeRP(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Formise(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Inverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Factorial(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN MN<M> Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& zero()NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& one()NE;ST CE uint Form(CRUI n)NE;ST CE ull& Reduction(ull& n)NE;ST CE ull& ReducedMU(ull& n,CRUI m)NE;ST CE uint MU(CRUI n0,CRUI n1)NE;ST CE uint BaseSquareTruncation(uint& n)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& Ref(T&& n)NE;};TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Twice(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Half(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Inverse(CO MN<M>& n);TE <uint M,TY T> CE MN<M> PW(MN<M> n,T EX);TE <TY T> CE MN<2> PW(CO MN<2>& n,CO T& p);TE <TY T> CE T Square(CO T& t);TE <> CE MN<2> Square<MN<2>>(CO MN<2>& t);TE <uint M> CE VO swap(MN<M>& n0,MN<M>& n1)NE;TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,MN<M>& n);TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO MN<M>& n);
TE <uint M>CL COantsForMod{PU:COantsForMod()= delete;ST CE CO bool g_even =((M & 1)== 0);ST CE CO uint g_memory_bound = 1000000;ST CE CO uint g_memory_LE = M < g_memory_bound?M:g_memory_bound;ST CE ull MNBasePW(ull&& EX)NE;ST CE uint g_M_minus = M - 1;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2 = M - 2;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2_neg = 2 - M;ST CE CO int g_MN_digit = 32;ST CE CO ull g_MN_base = ull(1)<< g_MN_digit;ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_minus = uint(g_MN_base - 1);ST CE CO uint g_MN_digit_half =(g_MN_digit + 1)>> 1;ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_sqrt_minus =(1 << g_MN_digit_half)- 1;ST CE CO uint g_MN_M_neg_inverse = uint((g_MN_base - MNBasePW((ull(1)<<(g_MN_digit - 1))- 1))& g_MN_base_minus);ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_mod = uint(g_MN_base % M);ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_square_mod = uint(((g_MN_base % M)*(g_MN_base % M))% M);};TE <uint M> CE ull COantsForMod<M>::MNBasePW(ull&& EX)NE{ull prod = 1;ull PW = M;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?(prod *= PW)&= g_MN_base_minus:prod;EX >>= 1;(PW *= PW)&= g_MN_base_minus;}RE prod;}
US MP = Mod<P>;US MNP = MN<P>;TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::Form(CRUI n)NE{ull n_copy = n;RE uint(MO(Reduction(n_copy *= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_square_mod)));}TE <uint M> CE ull& MN<M>::Reduction(ull& n)NE{ull n_sub = n & COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_minus;RE((n +=((n_sub *= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_M_neg_inverse)&= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_minus)*= M)>>= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_digit)< M?n:n -= M;}TE <uint M> CE ull& MN<M>::ReducedMU(ull& n,CRUI m)NE{RE Reduction(n *= m);}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::MU(CRUI n0,CRUI n1)NE{ull n0_copy = n0;RE uint(MO(ReducedMU(ReducedMU(n0_copy,n1),COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_square_mod)));}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::BaseSquareTruncation(uint& n)NE{CO uint n_u = n >> COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_digit_half;n &= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_sqrt_minus;RE n_u;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN()NE:Mod<M>(){ST_AS(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(CO MN<M>& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(MN<M>& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(MN<M>&& n)NE:Mod<M>(MO(n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN()> CE MN<M>::MN(CO T& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){ST_AS(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);Mod<M>::m_n = Form(Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN()> CE MN<M>::MN(T&& n)NE:Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)){ST_AS(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);Mod<M>::m_n = Form(Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP=(MN<M>&& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP=(MO(n)));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP+=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP+=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP-=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP-=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP*=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n = MO(ReducedMU(m_n_copy,n.m_n)));}TE <uint M> IN MN<M>& MN<M>::OP/=(CO MN<M>& n){RE OP*=(MN<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP<<=(int n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP<<=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP>>=(int n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP>>=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP++()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Normalise(Mod<M>::m_n += COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP++(int)NE{MN<M> n{*TH};OP++();RE n;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP--()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod?((Mod<M>::m_n += M)-= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod):Mod<M>::m_n -= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP--(int)NE{MN<M> n{*TH};OP--();RE n;}DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(+,MN<M>(forward<T>(n))+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(-,MN<M>(forward<T>(n)).SignInvert()+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(*,MN<M>(forward<T>(n))*= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(/,MN<M>(forward<T>(n)).Invert()*= *TH);TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP<<(int n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)<<= n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP>>(int n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)>>= n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP-()CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH).SignInvert());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::SignInvert()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n > 0?Mod<M>::m_n = M - Mod<M>::m_n:Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Double()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Double());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Halve()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Halve());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Invert(){assert(Mod<M>::m_n > 0);RE PositivePW(uint(COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{MN<M> PW{*TH};(--EX)%= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?OP*=(PW):*TH;EX >>= 1;PW *= PW;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE{RE EX == 0?Ref(Mod<M>::m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod):PositivePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::PW(T&& EX){bool neg = EX < 0;assert(!(neg && Mod<M>::m_n == 0));RE neg?PositivePW(forward<T>(EX *= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2_neg)):NonNegativePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::RP()CO NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE MO(Reduction(m_n_copy));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> MN<M>::Reduce()CO NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE Mod<M>::DeRP(MO(Reduction(m_n_copy)));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::DeRP(CRUI n)NE{RE MN<M>(Mod<M>::DeRP(n));}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Formise(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = DeRP(LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Inverse(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>(Mod<M>::Inverse(LE_curr));LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Factorial(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;ST MN<M> val_curr{one()};ST MN<M> val_last{one()};WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr++] = val_curr *= ++val_last;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;ST MN<M> val_curr{one()};ST MN<M> val_last{one()};WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = val_curr *= Inverse(LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN MN<M> MN<M>::Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE{RE i <= n?Factorial(n)*FactorialInverse(i)*FactorialInverse(n - i):zero();}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::zero()NE{ST CE CO MN<M> z{};RE z;}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::one()NE{ST CE CO MN<M> o{DeRP(1)};RE o;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Ref(T&& n)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Twice(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(n).Double());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Half(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(n).Halve());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Inverse(CO MN<M>& n){RE MO(MN<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M,TY T> CE MN<M> PW(MN<M> n,T EX){RE MO(n.PW(EX));}TE <uint M> CE VO swap(MN<M>& n0,MN<M>& n1)NE{n0.swap(n1);}TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE to_string(n.RP())+ " + MZ";}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,MN<M>& n){ll m;is >> m;n = m;RE is;}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO MN<M>& n){RE os << n.RP();}
TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod()NE:m_n(){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE:m_n(n.m_n){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(Mod<M>& n)NE:m_n(n.m_n){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE:m_n(MO(n.m_n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(CO T& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(T& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(decay_t<T>(n))){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(T&& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(forward<T>(n))){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP=(Mod<M>&& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = MO(n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Normalise(m_n += n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n < n.m_n?(m_n += M)-= n.m_n:m_n -= n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_even?RS<M>(ull(m_n)* n.m_n):MN<M>::MU(m_n,n.m_n));}TE <> CE MP& MP::OP*=(CO MP& n)NE{ull m_n_copy = m_n;RE Ref(m_n = MO((m_n_copy *= n.m_n)< P?m_n_copy:RSP(m_n_copy)));}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP/=(CO Mod<M>& n){RE OP*=(Mod<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP<<=(int n)NE{WH(n-- > 0){Normalise(m_n <<= 1);}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP>>=(int n)NE{WH(n-- > 0){((m_n & 1)== 0?m_n:m_n += M)>>= 1;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP++()NE{RE Ref(m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus?++m_n:m_n = 0);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP++(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP++();RE n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP--()NE{RE Ref(m_n == 0?m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus:--m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP--(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP--();RE n;}DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n))+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)).SignInvert()+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n))*= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)).Invert()*= *TH);TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP<<(int n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)<<= n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP>>(int n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)>>= n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP-()CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH).SignInvert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::SignInvert()NE{RE Ref(m_n > 0?m_n = M - m_n:m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Double()NE{RE Ref(Normalise(m_n <<= 1));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Halve()NE{RE Ref(((m_n & 1)== 0?m_n:m_n += M)>>= 1);}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Invert(){assert(m_n > 0);uint m_n_neg;RE m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE?Ref(m_n = Inverse(m_n).m_n):((m_n_neg = M - m_n)< COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE)?Ref(m_n = M - Inverse(m_n_neg).m_n):PositivePW(uint(COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2));}TE <> IN Mod<2>& Mod<2>::Invert(){assert(m_n > 0);RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{Mod<M> PW{*TH};EX--;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?OP*=(PW):*TH;EX >>= 1;PW *= PW;}RE *TH;}TE <> TE <TY T> CE Mod<2>& Mod<2>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE{RE EX == 0?Ref(m_n = 1):Ref(PositivePW(forward<T>(EX)));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PW(T&& EX){bool neg = EX < 0;assert(!(neg && Mod<M>::m_n == 0));RE neg?PositivePW(forward<T>(EX *= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2_neg)):NonNegativePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Inverse(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr].m_n = M - MN<M>::MU(memory[M % LE_curr].m_n,M / LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Factorial(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>::Factorial(LE_curr).Reduce();LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>::FactorialInverse(LE_curr).Reduce();LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Mod<M>::Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE{RE MN<M>::Combination(n,i).Reduce();}TE <uint M> CE VO Mod<M>::swap(Mod<M>& n)NE{std::swap(m_n,n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE CRUI Mod<M>::RP()CO NE{RE m_n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::DeRP(CRUI n)NE{Mod<M> n_copy{};n_copy.m_n = n;RE n_copy;}TE <uint M> CE uint& Mod<M>::Normalise(uint& n)NE{RE n < M?n:n -= M;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::zero()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> z{};RE z;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::one()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> o{DeRP(1)};RE o;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Ref(T&& n)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Twice(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Double());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Half(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Halve());}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Inverse(CO Mod<M>& n){RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Inverse_COrexpr(CRUI n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>::DeRP(RS<M>(n)).NonNegativePW(M - 2));}TE <uint M,TY T> CE Mod<M> PW(Mod<M> n,T EX){RE MO(n.PW(EX));}TE <TY T>CE Mod<2> PW(Mod<2> n,CO T& p){RE p == 0?Mod<2>::one():MO(n);}TE <uint M> CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n0,Mod<M>& n1)NE{n0.swap(n1);}TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE to_string(n.RP())+ " + MZ";}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,Mod<M>& n){ll m;is >> m;n = m;RE is;}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Mod<M>& n){RE os << n.RP();}
// AAA 常設ライブラリは以上に挿入する。
#define INCLUDE_LIBRARY
#include __FILE__
#endif // INCLUDE_LIBRARY
#endif // INCLUDE_SUB
#endif // INCLUDE_MAIN