#964836 (C++17) No.2697 Range LIS Query

提出ソース
結果

問題	No.2697 Range LIS Query
ユーザー	👑 p-adic
提出日時	2024-03-24 15:42:14
言語	C++17 (gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0)
結果	AC
実行時間	4,989 ms / 10,000 ms
コード長	58,045 bytes
コンパイル時間	8,079 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ	293,456 KB
実行使用メモリ	28,800 KB
最終ジャッジ日時	2024-09-30 13:51:46
合計ジャッジ時間	38,859 ms
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報）	judge3 / judge5
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力	結果	実行時間実行使用メモリ
testcase_00	AC	2 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_01	AC	2 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_02	AC	2 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_03	AC	18 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_04	AC	18 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_05	AC	18 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_06	AC	2,367 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_07	AC	2,346 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_08	AC	2,349 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_09	AC	4,989 ms 28,672 KB
testcase_10	AC	4,986 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_11	AC	4,947 ms 28,672 KB
testcase_12	AC	802 ms 25,344 KB
testcase_13	AC	861 ms 20,480 KB
testcase_14	AC	1,229 ms 20,992 KB
testcase_15	AC	1,665 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_16	AC	1,634 ms 28,800 KB
testcase_17	AC	1,652 ms 28,800 KB
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ソースコード

raw source code
#ifndef INCLUDE_MODE
  #define INCLUDE_MODE
  // #define REACTIVE
  // #define USE_GETLINE
#endif

#ifdef INCLUDE_MAIN

IN VO Solve()
{
  CIN( int , N ); CIN_A( int , A , N ); FOR( i , 0 , N ){ A[i]--; }
  CIN( int , Q );
  Trop<>::SetZero( -1e5 );
  using U = Matrix<4,4,Trop<>>;
  U E;
  FOR( i , 0 , 4 ){
    FOR( j , i , 4 ){
      E[i][j] = 0;
    }
  }
  U M[4] = { E , E , E , E };
  FOR( i , 0 , 4 ){
    FOR( j , i , 4 ){
      M[i][i][j] = 1;
    }
  }
  auto UPower = [&]( const int& i , U a ){
    int exponent = i;
    U answer{ E };
    while( exponent > 0 ){
      ( exponent & 1 ) == 1 ? answer *= a : answer;
      a *= a;
      exponent >>= 1;
    }
    return answer;
  };
  IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition sd{ AbstractModule( 0 , UPower , MultiplicativeMonoid( E ) ) };{
    vector<U> init( N );
    FOR( i , 0 , N ){
      init[i] = M[A[i]];
    }
    A.clear();
    sd.Initialise( move( init ) );
  }
  FOR( q , 0 , Q ){
    CIN( int , type );
    if( type == 1 ){
      CIN( ll , x , y ); x--; y--;
      auto a = sd.IntervalProduct( x , y );
      Trop<> answer = 0;
      FOR( i , 0 , 4 ){
	answer += a[i][3];
      }
      COUT( answer.Get() );
    } else if( type == 2 ){
      CIN( ll , x , y , n ); x--; y--;
      sd.IntervalSet( x , y , M[--n] );
    }
  }
}
REPEAT_MAIN(1);

#else // INCLUDE_MAIN

#ifdef INCLUDE_SUB

// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Naive( ll N , ll M , ll K )
{
  ll answer = N + M + K;
  return answer;
}

// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Answer( ll N , ll M , ll K )
{
  // START_WATCH;
  ll answer = N + M + K;

  // // TLに準じる乱択や全探索。デフォルトの猶予は100.0[ms]。
  // CEXPR( double , TL , 2000.0 );
  // while( CHECK_WATCH( TL ) ){

  // }
  return answer;
}

// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
IN VO Experiment()
{
  // CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
  // FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
  //   FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
  //     FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
  //   	COUT( N , M , K , ":" , Naive( N , M , K ) );
  //     }
  //   }
  //   // cout << Naive( N ) << ",\n"[N==bound];
  // }
}

// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
IN VO SmallTest()
{
  // CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
  // FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
  //   FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
  //     FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
  //   	COMPARE( N , M , K );
  //     }
  //   }
  // }
}

// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
IN VO RandomTest()
{
  // CEXPR( int , bound_N , 1e5 ); CIN_ASSERT( N , 1 , bound_N );
  // CEXPR( ll , bound_M , 1e18 ); CIN_ASSERT( M , 1 , bound_M );
  // CEXPR( ll , bound_K , 1e9 ); CIN_ASSERT( K , 1 , bound_K );
  // COMPARE( N , M , N );
}

#define INCLUDE_MAIN
#include __FILE__

#else // INCLUDE_SUB

#ifdef INCLUDE_LIBRARY

/*

C-x 3 C-x o C-x C-fによるファイル操作用

BFS (5KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/BreadthFirstSearch/compress.txt

CoordinateCompress (3KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/CoordinateCompress/compress.txt

DFSOnTree (11KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/DepthFirstSearch/Tree/a.hpp

Divisor (4KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Prime/Divisor/compress.txt

IntervalAddBIT (9KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/AffineSpace/BIT/IntervalAdd/compress.txt

Polynomial (21KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Polynomial/compress.txt

UnionFind (3KB)
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/UnionFindForest/compress.txt

*/

// VVV 常設でないライブラリは以下に挿入する。

TE <TY U> CL Trop;TE <TY U>CL ZeroForTrop{PU:ZeroForTrop()= delete;ST U g_zero;};TE <TY U = ll>CL Trop{PU:U m_n;IN Trop(CO U& n = ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero);IN Trop<U>& OP+=(CO Trop<U>& n);IN Trop<U>& OP*=(CO Trop<U>& n);IN Trop<U> OP+(CO Trop<U>& n)CO;IN Trop<U> OP*(CO Trop<U>& n)CO;IN VO Set(CO U& n)NE;IN CO U& Get()CO NE;ST IN VO SetZero(CO U& zero)NE;;};
TE <TY U> U ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero{};TE <TY U> IN Trop<U>::Trop(CO U& n):m_n(n){}TE <TY U> IN Trop<U>& Trop<U>::OP+=(CO Trop<U>& n){n.m_n == ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero?m_n:m_n =(m_n == ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero?n.m_n:max(m_n,n.m_n));RE *TH;}TE <TY U> IN Trop<U>& Trop<U>::OP*=(CO Trop<U>& n){m_n == ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero?m_n:m_n =(n.m_n == ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero?ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero:m_n + n.m_n);RE *TH;}TE <TY U> IN Trop<U> Trop<U>::OP+(CO Trop<U>& n)CO{RE MO(Trop<U>(*TH)+= n);}TE <TY U> IN Trop<U> Trop<U>::OP*(CO Trop<U>& n)CO{RE MO(Trop<U>(*TH)*= n);}TE <TY U> IN VO Trop<U>::Set(CO U& n)NE{m_n = n;}TE <TY U> IN CO U& Trop<U>::Get()CO NE{RE m_n;}TE <TY U> IN VO Trop<U>::SetZero(CO U& zero)NE{ZeroForTrop<U>::g_zero = zero;};TE <CL Traits,TY U> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& is,CO Trop<U>& n)NE{U temp;is >> temp;n.Set(temp);RE is;}TE <CL Traits,TY U> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Trop<U>& n)NE{RE os << n.Get();}

#define MA Matrix

#define SFINAE_FOR_MA(DEFAULT) TY Arg,enable_if_t<is_constructible<T,Arg>::value>* DEFAULT

TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T>CL MA{PU:T m_M[Y][X];IN MA()NE;IN MA(CO T& t)NE;IN MA(CRI t)NE;TE <TY Arg0,TY Arg1,TY... Args> IN MA(Arg0&& t0,Arg1&& t1,Args&&... args)NE;IN MA(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE;IN MA(MA<Y,X,T>&& mat)NE;TE <TY... Args> IN MA(CO T (&mat)[Y][X])NE;TE <TY... Args> IN MA(T (&&mat)[Y][X])NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP=(MA<Y,X,T>&& mat)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP=(CO T (&mat)[Y][X])NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP=(T (&&mat)[Y][X])NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP+=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP-=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP*=(CO T& scalar)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP*=(CO MA<X,X,T>& mat)NE;IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP/=(CO T& scalar);IN MA<Y,X,T>& OP%=(CO T& scalar);IN bool OP==(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat) CO NE;TE <uint Z> IN MA<Y,Z,T> OP*(CO MA<X,Z,T>& mat) CO NE;IN MA<X,Y,T> Transpose() CO NE;IN T Trace() CO NE;IN CO T(&OP[](CRUI y)CO)[X];IN T(&OP[](CRUI y))[X];ST IN CO MA<Y,X,T>& Zero()NE;ST IN CO MA<Y,X,T>& One()NE;ST IN VO SetArray(T (&M)[Y][X],T (&&array)[Y * X])NE;};

TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA()NE:m_M(){}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(CO T& t)NE:m_M(){CE CO uint minXY = Y < X?Y:X;for(uint y = 0;y < minXY;y++){m_M[y][y] = t;}}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(CRI t)NE:MA(T(t)){}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> TE <TY Arg0,TY Arg1,TY... Args> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(Arg0&& t0,Arg1&& t1,Args&&... args)NE:m_M(){T array[Y * X] ={T(forward<Arg0>(t0)),T(forward<Arg1>(t1)),T(forward<Args>(args))...};SetArray(m_M,MO(array));}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE:m_M(){OP=(mat.m_M);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(MA<Y,X,T>&& mat)NE:m_M(){swap(m_M,mat.m_M);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> TE <TY... Args> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(CO T (&mat)[Y][X])NE:m_M(){OP=(mat);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> TE <TY... Args> IN MA<Y,X,T>::MA(T (&&mat)[Y][X])NE:m_M(){swap(m_M,mat);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE{RE OP=(mat.m_M);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP=(MA<Y,X,T>&& mat)NE{RE OP=(MO(mat.m_M));}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP=(CO T (&mat)[Y][X])NE{for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];CO T (&mat_y)[X] = mat[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){m_M_y[x] = mat_y[x];}}RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP=(T (&&mat)[Y][X])NE{swap(m_M,mat);RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP+=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE{for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];T (&mat_y)[X] = mat.m_M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){m_M_y[x] += mat_y[x];}}RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP-=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE{for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];T (&mat_y)[X] = mat.m_M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){m_M_y[x] -= mat_y[x];}}RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP*=(CO T& scalar)NE{for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){m_M_y[x] *= scalar;}}RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP*=(CO MA<X,X,T>& mat)NE{RE OP=(MO(*TH * mat));}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP/=(CO T& scalar){RE OP*=(T(1) / scalar);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::OP%=(CO T& scalar){for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){m_M_y[x] %= scalar;}}RE *TH;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> TE <uint Z> IN MA<Y,Z,T> MA<Y,X,T>::OP*(CO MA<X,Z,T>& mat) CO NE{MA<Y,Z,T> prod{};for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){CO T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];T (&prod_y)[Z] = prod.m_M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){CO T &m_M_yx = m_M_y[x];CO T (&mat_x)[Z] = mat.m_M[x];for(uint z = 0;z < Z;z++){prod_y[z] += m_M_yx * mat_x[z];}}}RE prod;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN bool MA<Y,X,T>::OP==(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat) CO NE{for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){CO T (&m_M_y)[X] = m_M[y];CO T (&mat_y)[X] = mat[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){if(m_M_y[x] != mat_y[x]){RE false;}}}RE true;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<X,Y,T> MA<Y,X,T>::Transpose() CO NE{MA<X,Y,T> M_t{};for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){CO T (&M_t_x)[Y] = M_t.m_M[x];for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){M_t_x[y] = m_M[y][x];}}RE M_t;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN T MA<Y,X,T>::Trace() CO NE{CE CO uint minXY = Y < X?Y:X;T AN{};for(uint y = 0;y < minXY;y++){AN += m_M[y][y];}RE AN;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN CO T(&MA<Y,X,T>::OP[](CRUI y)CO)[X]{AS(y < Y);RE m_M[y];}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN T(&MA<Y,X,T>::OP[](CRUI y))[X]{AS(y < Y);RE m_M[y];}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN CO MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::Zero()NE{ST CO MA<Y,X,T> zero{};RE zero;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN CO MA<Y,X,T>& MA<Y,X,T>::One()NE{ST CO MA<Y,X,T> one{1};RE one;}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN VO MA<Y,X,T>::SetArray(T (&M)[Y][X],T (&&array)[Y * X])NE{uint i = 0;for(uint y = 0;y < Y;y++){T (&M_y)[X] = M[y];for(uint x = 0;x < X;x++){M_y[x] = MO(array[i + x]);}i += X;}}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP!=(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat1,CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat2)NE{RE !(mat1 == mat2);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP+(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat1,CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat2)NE{RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat1) += mat2);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP-(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat1,CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat2)NE{RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat1) -= mat2);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP*(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat,CO T& scalar)NE{RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat) *= scalar);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP*(CO T& scalar,CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat)NE{RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat) *= scalar);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP/(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat,CO T& scalar){RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat) /= scalar);}TE <uint Y,uint X,TY T> IN MA<Y,X,T> OP%(CO MA<Y,X,T>& mat,CO T& scalar){RE MO(MA<Y,X,T>(mat) %= scalar);}


TE <TY R,TY U>CL VirtualRSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI U Action(CO R& r,U u)= 0;IN U PW(U u,CO R& r);IN U ScalarProduct(CO R& r,U u);};TE <TY U,TY MAGMA>CL RegularRSet:VI PU VirtualRSet<U,U>,PU MAGMA{PU:IN RegularRSet(MAGMA magma);IN U Action(CO U& r,U u);};TE <TY MAGMA> RegularRSet(MAGMA magma)-> RegularRSet<inner_t<MAGMA>,MAGMA>;TE <TY R,TY U,TY O_U>CL AbstractRSet:VI PU VirtualRSet<R,U>{PU:O_U m_o_U;IN AbstractRSet(CO R& dummy0,CO U& dummy1,O_U o_U);IN U Action(CO R& r,U u);};TE <TY R,TY U,TY O_U,TY GROUP>CL AbstractModule:PU AbstractRSet<R,U,O_U>,PU GROUP{PU:IN AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M);};TE <TY R,TY O_U,TY GROUP> AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M)-> AbstractModule<R,inner_t<GROUP>,O_U,GROUP>;TE <TY R,TY U>CL Module:VI PU VirtualRSet<R,U>,PU AdditiveGroup<U>{PU:IN U Action(CO R& r,U u);};
TE <TY R,TY MAGMA> IN RegularRSet<R,MAGMA>::RegularRSet(MAGMA magma):MAGMA(MO(magma)){}TE <TY R,TY U,TY O_U> IN AbstractRSet<R,U,O_U>::AbstractRSet(CO R& dummy0,CO U& dummy1,O_U o_U):m_o_U(MO(o_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v<U,O_U,R,U>);}TE <TY R,TY U,TY O_U,TY GROUP> IN AbstractModule<R,U,O_U,GROUP>::AbstractModule(CO R& dummy,O_U o_U,GROUP M):AbstractRSet<R,U,O_U>(dummy,M.One(),MO(o_U)),GROUP(MO(M)){ST_AS(is_same_v<U,inner_t<GROUP>>);}TE <TY U,TY MAGMA> IN U RegularRSet<U,MAGMA>::Action(CO U& r,U u){RE TH->Product(r,MO(u));}TE <TY R,TY U,TY O_U> IN U AbstractRSet<R,U,O_U>::Action(CO R& r,U u){RE m_o_U(r,MO(u));}TE <TY R,TY U> IN U Module<R,U>::Action(CO R& r,U u){RE MO(u *= r);}TE <TY R,TY U> IN U VirtualRSet<R,U>::PW(U u,CO R& r){RE Action(r,MO(u));}TE <TY R,TY U> IN U VirtualRSet<R,U>::ScalarProduct(CO R& r,U u){RE Action(r,MO(u));}

IN CE int Sqrt(CRI N)NE{if(N <= 1){RE 1;}int left = 0;int right = N;WH(left + 1 < right){int m =(left + right)/ 2;(m <=(N - 1)/ m?left:right)= m;}RE right;}

#define SFINAE_FOR_SD_S enable_if_t<is_invocable_r_v<bool,F,U,int>>*

TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE>CL IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition{PU:NON_COMM_N_MODULE m_M;int m_N;int m_N_sqrt;int m_N_d;int m_N_m;VE<U> m_a;VE<U> m_b;VE<U> m_lazy_substitution;VE<bool> m_suspENed;IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,CRI N = 0);IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,CRI N,CRI N_sqrt);IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,VE<U> a);IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,VE<U> a,CRI N_sqrt);TE <TY...Args> IN VO Initialise(Args&&... args);IN VO Set(CRI i,CO U& u);IN VO IntervalSet(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO U& u);IN U OP[](CRI i);IN U Get(CRI i);IN U IntervalProduct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final);TE <TY F,SFINAE_FOR_SD_S = nullptr> IN int Search(CRI i_start,CO F& f);IN int Search(CRI i_start,CO U& u);IN VO IntervalSet_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO U& u);IN U IntervalProduct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim);TE <TY F> int Search_Body(CRI i_start,CO F& f,U sum_temp);};TE <TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE,TY...Args> IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,Args&&... args)-> IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<inner_t<NON_COMM_N_MODULE>,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>;
TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,CRI N):IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(MO(M),N,Sqrt(N)){}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,CRI N,CRI N_sqrt):m_M(MO(M)),m_N(N),m_N_sqrt(N_sqrt),m_N_d((m_N + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt),m_N_m(m_N_d * m_N_sqrt),m_a(m_N_m,m_M.One()),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_lazy_substitution(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_suspENed(m_N_d){ST_AS(! is_same_v<U,int> && is_same_v<U,inner_t<NON_COMM_N_MODULE>>);}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,VE<U> a):IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(MO(M),MO(a),Sqrt(a.SZ())){}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition(NON_COMM_N_MODULE M,VE<U> a,CRI N_sqrt):m_M(MO(M)),m_N(a.SZ()),m_N_sqrt(N_sqrt),m_N_d((m_N + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt),m_N_m(m_N_d * m_N_sqrt),m_a(MO(a)),m_b(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_lazy_substitution(m_N_d,m_M.One()),m_suspENed(m_N_d){ST_AS(! is_same_v<U,int> && is_same_v<U,inner_t<NON_COMM_N_MODULE>>);m_a.reSZ(m_N_m,m_M.One());int i_min = 0;int i_ulim = m_N_sqrt;for(int d = 0;d < m_N_d;d++){U& m_bd = m_b[d];for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_bd = m_M.Product(MO(m_bd),m_a[i]);}i_min = i_ulim;i_ulim += m_N_sqrt;}}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> TE <TY...Args> IN VO IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Initialise(Args&&... args){IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE> temp{m_M,forward<Args>(args)...};m_N = temp.m_N;m_N_sqrt = temp.m_N_sqrt;m_N_d = temp.m_N_d;m_N_m = temp.m_N_m;m_a = MO(temp.m_a);m_b = MO(temp.m_b);m_lazy_substitution = VE(m_N_d,m_M.One());m_suspENed = VE(m_N_d,false);}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN VO IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Set(CRI i,CO U& u){IntervalSet(i,i,u);}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN VO IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSet(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO U& u){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int d_0_N_sqrt = d_0 * m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1_N_sqrt = d_1 * m_N_sqrt;CO int i_0 = min(d_0_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1_N_sqrt);if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;CO int d_0_N_sqrt_minus = d_0_N_sqrt - m_N_sqrt;U& m_bd = m_b[d_0_minus];VE<bool>::reference m_suspENed_d = m_suspENed[d_0_minus];if(m_suspENed_d){U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus];IntervalSet_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_0,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspENed_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,m_N_sqrt -(i_0 - i_min)),m_M.PW(u,i_0 - i_min));}else{IntervalSet_Body(i_min,i_0,u);m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(IntervalProduct_Body(d_0_N_sqrt_minus,i_min),m_M.PW(u,i_0 - i_min)),IntervalProduct_Body(i_0,d_0_N_sqrt));}}CO U PW = m_M.PW(u,m_N_sqrt);for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){m_b[d]= PW;m_lazy_substitution[d]= u;m_suspENed[d]= true;}if(i_1 < i_ulim){CO int d_1_N_sqrt_plus = d_1_N_sqrt + m_N_sqrt;U& m_bd = m_b[d_1];VE<bool>::reference m_suspENed_d = m_suspENed[d_1];if(m_suspENed_d){U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_1];IntervalSet_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1,m_lazy_substitution_d);IntervalSet_Body(i_1,i_ulim,u);IntervalSet_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus,m_lazy_substitution_d);m_suspENed_d = false;m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,i_1 - d_1_N_sqrt),m_M.PW(u,i_ulim - i_1)),m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,d_1_N_sqrt_plus - i_ulim));}else{IntervalSet_Body(i_1,i_ulim,u);m_bd = m_M.Product(m_M.Product(IntervalProduct_Body(d_1_N_sqrt,i_1),m_M.PW(u,i_ulim - i_1)),IntervalProduct_Body(i_ulim,d_1_N_sqrt_plus));}}RE;}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN VO IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalSet_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim,CO U& u){for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){m_a[i]= u;}RE;}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN U IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::OP[](CRI i){AS(0 <= i && i < m_N);CO int d = i / m_N_sqrt;RE m_suspENed[d]?m_lazy_substitution[d]:m_a[i];}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN U IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Get(CRI i){RE OP[](i);}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN U IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalProduct(CRI i_start,CRI i_final){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int i_ulim = min(i_final + 1,m_N);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int d_1 = max(d_0,i_ulim / m_N_sqrt);CO int i_0 = min(d_0 * m_N_sqrt,i_ulim);CO int i_1 = max(i_0,d_1 * m_N_sqrt);U AN = m_M.One();if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;AN = m_suspENed[d_0_minus]?m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus],i_0 - i_min):IntervalProduct_Body(i_min,i_0);}for(int d = d_0;d < d_1;d++){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_b[d]);}if(i_1 < i_ulim){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_suspENed[d_1]?m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution[d_1],i_ulim - i_1):IntervalProduct_Body(i_1,i_ulim));}RE AN;}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN U IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::IntervalProduct_Body(CRI i_min,CRI i_ulim){U AN = m_M.One();for(int i = i_min;i < i_ulim;i++){AN = m_M.Product(MO(AN),m_a[i]);}RE AN;}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> TE <TY F,SFINAE_FOR_SD_S> IN int IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Search(CRI i_start,CO F& f){RE Search_Body(i_start,f,m_M.One());}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> IN int IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Search(CRI i_start,CO U& u){RE Search(i_start,[&](CO U& product,CRI){RE !(u < product);});}TE <TY U,TY NON_COMM_N_MODULE> TE <TY F> int IntervalSetSqrtDecomposition<U,NON_COMM_N_MODULE>::Search_Body(CRI i_start,CO F& f,U product_temp){CO int i_min = max(i_start,0);CO int d_0 =(i_min + m_N_sqrt - 1)/ m_N_sqrt;CO int i_0 = min(d_0 * m_N_sqrt,m_N);if(i_min < i_0){CO int d_0_minus = d_0 - 1;if(m_suspENed[d_0_minus]){CO U& m_lazy_substitution_d = m_lazy_substitution[d_0_minus];U product_next = m_M.Product(product_temp,m_lazy_substitution_d);if(f(product_next,i_min)){RE i_min;}int l = i_min,r = i_0;WH(l + 1 < r){int m =(l + r)/ 2;product_next = m_M.Product(product_temp,m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution_d,m - i_min + 1));(f(product_next,m)?r:l)= m;}if(r < i_0){RE r;}product_temp = MO(product_next);}else{for(int i = i_min;i < i_0;i++){product_temp = m_M.Product(MO(product_temp),m_a[i]);if(f(product_temp,i)){RE i;}}}}int N_sqrt_d = m_N_sqrt * d_0;for(int d = d_0;d < m_N_d;d++,N_sqrt_d += m_N_sqrt){CO int j_rest = d + 1 < m_N_d?m_N_sqrt:m_N - N_sqrt_d;U product_next = m_M.Product(product_temp,m_suspENed[d]?m_M.PW(m_lazy_substitution[d],j_rest):m_b[d]);if(f(product_next,N_sqrt_d + j_rest - 1)){RE Search_Body(N_sqrt_d,f,product_temp);}product_temp = MO(product_next);}RE -1;}

// AAA 常設でないライブラリは以上に挿入する。

#define INCLUDE_SUB
#include __FILE__

#else // INCLUDE_LIBRARY

#ifdef DEBUG
  #define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
  #define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; signal( SIGABRT , &AlertAbort ); AutoCheck( exec_mode , use_getline ); CEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND ); int test_case_num = 1; if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ CERR( "テストケースの個数を入力してください。" ); SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } } else { if( exec_mode == experiment_mode ){ Experiment(); } else if( exec_mode == small_test_mode ){ SmallTest(); } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( "ランダムテストを行う回数を指定してください。" ); SET_LL( test_case_num ); REPEAT( test_case_num ){ RandomTest(); } } RE 0; } FINISH_MAIN
  #define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE1 , VALUE2 ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE2 )
  #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) CERR( "ASSERTチェック： " , ( MIN ) , ( ( MIN ) <= A ? "<=" : ">" ) , A , ( A <= ( MAX ) ? "<=" : ">" ) , ( MAX ) ); AS( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
  #define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ); } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( #A , " = " , ( A = GetRand( MIN , MAX ) ) ); } else { AS( false ); }
  #define SOLVE_ONLY ST_AS( __FUNCTION__[0] == 'S' )
  #define CERR( ... ) VariadicCout( cerr , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
  #define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout << "出力： " , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
  #define CERR_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cerr , A , N ) << endl
  #define COUT_A( A , N ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << endl
  #define CERR_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cerr , A ) << endl
  #define COUT_ITR( A ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << endl
#else
  #pragma GCC optimize ( "O3" )
  #pragma GCC optimize ( "unroll-loops" )
  #pragma GCC target ( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" )
  #define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; CEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND ); int test_case_num = 1; if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN
  #define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE1 , VALUE2 ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE1 )
  #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) AS( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
  #define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
  #define SOLVE_ONLY 
  #define CERR( ... ) 
  #define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout , __VA_ARGS__ ) << ENDL
  #define CERR_A( A , N ) 
  #define COUT_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << ENDL
  #define CERR_ITR( A ) 
  #define COUT_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << ENDL
#endif
#ifdef REACTIVE
  #define ENDL endl
#else
  #define ENDL "\n"
#endif
#ifdef USE_GETLINE
  #define SET_LL( A ) { GETLINE( A ## _str ); A = stoll( A ## _str ); }
  #define GETLINE_SEPARATE( SEPARATOR , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; string __VA_ARGS__; VariadicGetline( cin , SEPARATOR , __VA_ARGS__ )
  #define GETLINE( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; GETLINE_SEPARATE( '\n' , __VA_ARGS__ )
#else
  #define SET_LL( A ) cin >> A
  #define CIN( LL , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; LL __VA_ARGS__; VariadicCin( cin , __VA_ARGS__ )
  #define SET_A( A , N ) SOLVE_ONLY; FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A , 0 , N ){ cin >> A[VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A]; }
  #define CIN_A( LL , A , N ) VE<LL> A( N ); SET_A( A , N );
#endif
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
#define ATT __attribute__( ( target( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" ) ) )
#define START_MAIN int main(){ ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr )
#define FINISH_MAIN REPEAT( test_case_num ){ if CE( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ CERR( "testcase " , VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_test_case_num , ":" ); } Solve(); CERR( "" ); } }
#define START_WATCH chrono::system_clock::time_point watch = chrono::system_clock::now()
#define CURRENT_TIME static_cast<double>( chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>( chrono::system_clock::now() - watch ).count() / 1000.0 )
#define CHECK_WATCH( TL_MS ) ( CURRENT_TIME < TL_MS - 100.0 )
#define CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE ) CE LL BOUND = VALUE
#define SET_A_ASSERT( A , N , MIN , MAX ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A , 0 , N ){ SET_ASSERT( A[VARIABLE_FOR_SET_A] , MIN , MAX ); }
#define CIN_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) decldecay_t( MAX ) A; SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
#define CIN_A_ASSERT( A , N , MIN , MAX ) vector<decldecay_t( MAX )> A( N ); SET_A_ASSERT( A , N , MIN , MAX )
#define FOR( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQ( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( FINAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR <= FINAL ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQINV( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( decldecay_t( INITIAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR + 1 > FINAL ; VAR -- )
#define AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) auto itr_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .BE() , end_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .EN()
#define FOR_ITR( ARRAY ) for( AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) , itr = itr_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY != end_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY ++ , itr++ )
#define REPEAT( HOW_MANY_TIMES ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_ ## HOW_MANY_TIMES , 0 , HOW_MANY_TIMES )
#define SET_PRECISION( DECIMAL_DIGITS ) cout << fixed << setprecision( DECIMAL_DIGITS )
#define OUTPUT_ARRAY( OS , A , N ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY , 0 , N ){ OS << A[VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY] << (VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY==N-1?"":" "); } OS
#define OUTPUT_ITR( OS , A ) { auto ITERATOR_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.BE() , EN_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.EN(); bool VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR; WH( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR ){ OS << *ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR; ( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ++ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR ) ? OS : OS << " "; } } OS
#define RETURN( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; COUT( __VA_ARGS__ ); RE
#define COMPARE( ... ) auto naive = Naive( __VA_ARGS__ ); auto answer = Answer( __VA_ARGS__ ); bool match = naive == answer; COUT( "(" , #__VA_ARGS__ , ") == (" , __VA_ARGS__ , ") : Naive == " , naive , match ? "==" : "!=" , answer , "== Answer" ); if( !match ){ RE; }

// 圧縮用
#define TE template
#define TY typename
#define US using
#define ST static
#define AS assert
#define IN inline
#define CL class
#define PU public
#define OP operator
#define CE constexpr
#define CO const
#define NE noexcept
#define RE return 
#define WH while
#define VO void
#define VE vector
#define LI list
#define BE begin
#define EN end
#define SZ size
#define LE length
#define PW Power
#define MO move
#define TH this
#define CRI CO int&
#define CRUI CO uint&
#define CRL CO ll&
#define VI virtual 
#define ST_AS static_assert
#define reMO_CO remove_const
#define is_COructible_v is_constructible_v
#define rBE rbegin
#define reSZ resize

// 型のエイリアス
#define decldecay_t(VAR)decay_t<decltype(VAR)>
TE <TY F,TY...Args> US ret_t = decltype(declval<F>()(declval<Args>()...));
TE <TY T> US inner_t = TY T::type;
US uint = unsigned int;
US ll = long long;
US ull = unsigned long long;
US ld = long double;
US lld = __float128;
TE <TY INT> US T2 = pair<INT,INT>;
TE <TY INT> US T3 = tuple<INT,INT,INT>;
TE <TY INT> US T4 = tuple<INT,INT,INT,INT>;
US path = pair<int,ll>;

// 入出力用
#define DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(V)TE <CL Traits,TY Arg> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO V<Arg>& arg){auto BE = arg.BE(),EN = arg.EN();auto IT = BE;WH(IT != EN){(IT == BE?os:os << " ")<< *IT;IT++;}RE os;}
TE <CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is){RE is;}
TE <CL Traits,TY Arg,TY... ARGS> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){RE VariadicCin(is >> arg,args...);}
TE <CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,CO char& separator){RE is;}
TE <CL Traits,TY Arg,TY... ARGS> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,CO char& separator,Arg& arg,ARGS&... args){RE VariadicGetline(getline(is,arg,separator),separator,args...);}
DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(VE);
DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(LI);
DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(set);
DF_OF_COUT_FOR_VE(unordered_set);
TE <CL Traits,TY Arg1,TY Arg2> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO pair<Arg1,Arg2>& arg){RE os << arg.first << " " << arg.second;}
TE <CL Traits,TY Arg> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Arg& arg){RE os << arg;}
TE <CL Traits,TY Arg1,TY Arg2,TY... ARGS> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Arg1& arg1,CO Arg2& arg2,CO ARGS&... args){RE VariadicCout(os << arg1 << " ",arg2,args...);}


// 算術用
TE <TY T> CE T PositiveBaseRS(CO T& a,CO T& p){RE a >= 0?a % p:p - 1 -((-(a + 1))% p);}
TE <TY T> CE T RS(CO T& a,CO T& p){RE PositiveBaseRS(a,p < 0?-p:p);}
TE <TY T> CE T PositiveBaseQuotient(CO T& a,CO T& p){RE(a - PositiveBaseRS(a,p))/ p;}
TE <TY T> CE T Quotient(CO T& a,CO T& p){RE p < 0?PositiveBaseQuotient(-a,-p):PositiveBaseQuotient(a,p);}

#define POWER( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT )				\
  ST_AS( ! is_same<decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ),int>::value && ! is_same<decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ),uint>::value ); \
  decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ) ANSWER{ 1 };					\
  {									\
    decldecay_t( ARGUMENT ) ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT ); \
    decldecay_t( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT ); \
    WH( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){				\
      if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){			\
	ANSWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER;			\
      }									\
      ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER;	\
      EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2;				\
    }									\
  }									\

#define POWER_MOD( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT , MODULO )		\
  ll ANSWER{ 1 };							\
  {									\
    ll ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ( ARGUMENT ) % ( MODULO ) ) % ( MODULO ); \
    ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER < 0 ? ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER += ( MODULO ) : ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER; \
    decldecay_t( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT ); \
    WH( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){				\
      if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){			\
	ANSWER = ( ANSWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
      }									\
      ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
      EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2;				\
    }									\
  }									\

#define FACTORIAL_MOD( ANSWER , ANSWER_INV , INVERSE , MAX_INDEX , CE_LENGTH , MODULO ) \
  ll ANSWER[CE_LENGTH];							\
  ll ANSWER_INV[CE_LENGTH];						\
  ll INVERSE[CE_LENGTH];						\
  {									\
    ll VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1;				\
    ANSWER[0] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL;			\
    FOREQ( i , 1 , MAX_INDEX ){						\
      ANSWER[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= i ) %= ( MODULO ); \
    }									\
    ANSWER_INV[0] = ANSWER_INV[1] = INVERSE[1] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1; \
    FOREQ( i , 2 , MAX_INDEX ){						\
      ANSWER_INV[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= INVERSE[i] = ( MODULO ) - ( ( ( ( MODULO ) / i ) * INVERSE[ ( MODULO ) % i ] ) % ( MODULO ) ) ) %= ( MODULO ); \
    }									\
  }									\

// 二分探索用
// EXPRESSIONがANSWERの広義単調関数の時、EXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの整数解を格納。
#define BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , DESIRED_INEQUALITY , CO_TARGET , INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK , UPDATE_U , UPDATE_L , UPDATE_ANSWER ) \
  ST_AS( ! is_same<decldecay_t( CO_TARGET ),uint>::value && ! is_same<decldecay_t( CO_TARGET ),ull>::value ); \
  ll ANSWER = MINIMUM;							\
  {									\
    ll L_BS = MINIMUM;							\
    ll U_BS = MAXIMUM;							\
    ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER;						\
    ll EXPRESSION_BS;							\
    CO ll CO_TARGET_BS = ( CO_TARGET );			\
    ll DIFFERENCE_BS;							\
    WH( L_BS < U_BS ){						\
      DIFFERENCE_BS = ( EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION ) ) - CO_TARGET_BS; \
      CERR( "二分探索中：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #EXPRESSION , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , DIFFERENCE_BS > 0 ? ">" : DIFFERENCE_BS < 0 ? "<" : "=" , CO_TARGET_BS , "=" , #CO_TARGET ); \
      if( DIFFERENCE_BS INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK 0 ){			\
	U_BS = UPDATE_U;						\
      } else {								\
	L_BS = UPDATE_L;						\
      }									\
      ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER;						\
    }									\
    if( L_BS > U_BS ){							\
      CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , ">" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1  ); \
      CERR( "二分探索マクロにミスがある可能性があります。変更前の版に戻してください。" ); \
      ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1;						\
    } else {								\
      CERR( "二分探索終了：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS" ); \
      CERR( "二分探索が成功したかを確認するために" , #EXPRESSION , "を計算します。" ); \
      CERR( "成功判定が不要な場合はこの計算を削除しても構いません。" );	\
      EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION );					\
      CERR( "二分探索結果：" , #EXPRESSION , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , ( EXPRESSION_BS > CO_TARGET_BS ? ">" : EXPRESSION_BS < CO_TARGET_BS ? "<" : "=" ) , CO_TARGET_BS ); \
      if( EXPRESSION_BS DESIRED_INEQUALITY CO_TARGET_BS ){		\
	CERR( "二分探索成功：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , ANSWER );		\
      } else {								\
	CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1 ); \
	CERR( "単調でないか、単調増加性と単調減少性を逆にしてしまったか、探索範囲内に解が存在しません。" ); \
	ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1;						\
      }									\
    }									\
  }									\

// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS1( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CO_TARGET , >= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 )
// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION <= CO_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS2( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CO_TARGET , > , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 )
// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION >= CO_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS3( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CO_TARGET , < , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 )
// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION <= CO_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS4( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CO_TARGET ) BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CO_TARGET , <= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 )
// t以下の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MaximumLeq(set<T>& S,CO T& t){CO auto EN = S.EN();if(S.empty()){RE EN;}auto IT = S.upper_bound(t);RE IT == EN?S.find(*(S.rBE())):IT == S.BE()?EN:--IT;}
// t未満の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MaximumLt(set<T>& S,CO T& t){CO auto EN = S.EN();if(S.empty()){RE EN;}auto IT = S.lower_bound(t);RE IT == EN?S.find(*(S.rBE())):IT == S.BE()?EN:--IT;}
// t以上の値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MinimumGeq(set<T>& S,CO T& t){RE S.lower_bound(t);}
// tより大きい値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
TE <TY T> IN TY set<T>::iterator MinimumGt(set<T>& S,CO T& t){RE S.upper_bound(t);}

// 尺取り法用
// VAR_TPA_LとVAR_TPA_RをINITで初期化し、VAR_TPA_RがCONTINUE_CONDITIONを満たす限り、
// 閉区間[VAR_TPA_L,VAR_TPA_R]が条件ON_CONDITIONを満たすか否かを判定し、
// trueになるかVAR_TAR_LがVAR_TAR_Rに追い付くまでVAR_TPA_Lの更新操作UPDATE_Lを繰り返し、
// その後VAR_TPA_Rの更新操作UPDATE_Rを行う。
// ON_CONDITIONがtrueとなる極大閉区間とその時点でのINFOをANSWERに格納する。
#define TPA( ANSWER , VAR_TPA , INIT , CONTINUE_CONDITION , UPDATE_L , UPDATE_R , ON_CONDITION , INFO ) \
  VE<tuple<decldecay_t( INIT ),decldecay_t( INIT ),decldecay_t( INFO )>> ANSWER{}; \
  {									\
    auto init_TPA = INIT;						\
    decldecay_t( ANSWER.front() ) ANSWER ## _temp = { init_TPA , init_TPA , INFO }; \
    auto ANSWER ## _prev = ANSWER ## _temp;				\
    auto& VAR_TPA ## _L = get<0>( ANSWER ## _temp );			\
    auto& VAR_TPA ## _R = get<1>( ANSWER ## _temp );			\
    auto& VAR_TPA ## _info = get<2>( ANSWER ## _temp );			\
    bool on_TPA_prev = false;						\
    WH( true ){								\
      bool continuing = CONTINUE_CONDITION;				\
      bool on_TPA = continuing && ( ON_CONDITION );			\
      CERR( continuing ? "尺取り中" : "尺取り終了" , "： [L,R] = [" , VAR_TPA ## _L , "," , VAR_TPA ## _R , "] ," , on_TPA_prev ? "on" : "off" , "->" , on_TPA ? "on" : "off" , ", info =" , VAR_TPA ## _info );	\
      if( on_TPA_prev && ! on_TPA ){					\
	ANSWER.push_back( ANSWER ## _prev );				\
      }									\
      if( continuing ){							\
	if( on_TPA || VAR_TPA ## _L == VAR_TPA ## _R ){			\
	  ANSWER ## _prev = ANSWER ## _temp;				\
	  UPDATE_R;							\
	} else {							\
	  UPDATE_L;							\
	}								\
      } else {								\
	break;								\
      }									\
      on_TPA_prev = on_TPA;						\
    }									\
  }									\

// データ構造用
TE <TY T,TE <TY...> TY V> IN auto OP+(CO V<T>& a0,CO V<T>& a1)-> decldecay_t((declval<V<T>>().push_back(declval<T>()),a0)){if(a0.empty()){RE a1;}if(a1.empty()){RE a0;}AS(a0.SZ()== a1.SZ());V<T> AN{};for(auto IT0 = a0.BE(),IT1 = a1.BE(),EN0 = a0.EN();IT0 != EN0;IT0++,IT1++){AN.push_back(*IT0 + *IT1);}RE AN;}
TE <TY T,TY U> IN pair<T,U> OP+(CO pair<T,U>& t0,CO pair<T,U>& t1){RE{t0.first + t1.first,t0.second + t1.second};}
TE <TY T,TY U,TY V> IN tuple<T,U,V> OP+(CO tuple<T,U,V>& t0,CO tuple<T,U,V>& t1){RE{get<0>(t0)+ get<0>(t1),get<1>(t0)+ get<1>(t1),get<2>(t0)+ get<2>(t1)};}
TE <TY T,TY U,TY V,TY W> IN tuple<T,U,V,W> OP+(CO tuple<T,U,V,W>& t0,CO tuple<T,U,V,W>& t1){RE{get<0>(t0)+ get<0>(t1),get<1>(t0)+ get<1>(t1),get<2>(t0)+ get<2>(t1),get<3>(t0)+ get<3>(t1)};}
TE <TY T> IN T Addition(CO T& t0,CO T& t1){RE t0 + t1;}
TE <TY T> IN T Xor(CO T& t0,CO T& t1){RE t0 ^ t1;}
TE <TY T> IN T MU(CO T& t0,CO T& t1){RE t0 * t1;}
TE <TY T> IN CO T& Zero(){ST CO T z{};RE z;}
TE <TY T> IN CO T& One(){ST CO T o = 1;RE o;}TE <TY T> IN T AdditionInv(CO T& t){RE -t;}
TE <TY T> IN T Id(CO T& v){RE v;}
TE <TY T> IN T Min(CO T& a,CO T& b){RE a < b?a:b;}
TE <TY T> IN T Max(CO T& a,CO T& b){RE a < b?b:a;}

// グラフ用
TE <TY T,TE <TY...> TY V> IN auto Get(CO V<T>& a){RE[&](CRI i = 0){RE a[i];};}
TE <TY T = int> IN VE<T> id(CRI SZ){VE<T> AN(SZ);FOR(i,0,SZ){AN[i]= i;}RE AN;}

// グリッド問題用
int H,W,H_minus,W_minus,HW;
VE<string> wall_str;VE<VE<bool> > non_wall;
char walkable = '.',unwalkable = '#';
IN T2<int> EnumHW(CRI v){RE{v / W,v % W};}
IN int EnumHW_inv(CO T2<int>& ij){auto&[i,j]= ij;RE i * W + j;}
CO string direction[4]={"U","R","D","L"};
IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI i,CRI j,CRI k,CRI h){RE i<k?2:i>k?0:j<h?1:j>h?3:(AS(false),-1);}
IN int DirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI v,CRI w){auto[i,j]=EnumHW(v);auto[k,h]=EnumHW(w);RE DirectionNumberOnGrid(i,j,k,h);}
IN int ReverseDirectionNumberOnGrid(CRI n){AS(0<=n&&n<4);RE(n+2)%4;}
IN VE<int> EdgeOnGrid(CRI v){VE<int>AN{};auto[i,j]=EnumHW(v);if(i>0&&wall_str[i-1][j]==walkable){AN.push_back(EnumHW_inv({i-1,j}));}if(i+1<H&&wall_str[i+1][j]==walkable){AN.push_back(EnumHW_inv({i+1,j}));}if(j>0&&wall_str[i][j-1]==walkable){AN.push_back(EnumHW_inv({i,j-1}));}if(j+1<W&&wall_str[i][j+1]==walkable){AN.push_back(EnumHW_inv({i,j+1}));}RE AN;}
IN VE<path> WeightedEdgeOnGrid(CRI v){VE<path>AN{};auto[i,j]=EnumHW(v);if(i>0&&wall_str[i-1][j]==walkable){AN.push_back({EnumHW_inv({i-1,j}),1});}if(i+1<H&&wall_str[i+1][j]==walkable){AN.push_back({EnumHW_inv({i+1,j}),1});}if(j>0&&wall_str[i][j-1]==walkable){AN.push_back({EnumHW_inv({i,j-1}),1});}if(j+1<W&&wall_str[i][j+1]==walkable){AN.push_back({EnumHW_inv({i,j+1}),1});}RE AN;}
IN VO SetWallStringOnGrid(CRI i,VE<string>& S){if(S.empty()){S.reSZ(H);}cin>>S[i];AS(int(S[i].SZ())==W);}
IN VO SetWallOnGrid(CRI i,VE<VE<bool>>& b){if(b.empty()){b.reSZ(H,VE<bool>(W));}auto&S_i=wall_str[i];auto&b_i=b[i];FOR(j,0,W){b_i[j]=S_i[j]==walkable?false:(AS(S_i[j]==unwalkable),true);}}

// デバッグ用
#ifdef DEBUG
  IN VO AlertAbort( int n ) { CERR( "abort関数が呼ばれました。assertマクロのメッセージが出力されていない場合はオーバーフローの有無を確認をしてください。" ); }
  VO AutoCheck( int& exec_mode , CO bool& use_getline );
  IN VO Solve();
  IN VO Experiment();
  IN VO SmallTest();
  IN VO RandomTest();
  ll GetRand( CRL Rand_min , CRL Rand_max );
  IN VO BreakPoint( CRI LINE ) {}
  int exec_mode;
  CEXPR( int , solve_mode , 0 );
  CEXPR( int , sample_debug_mode , 1 );
  CEXPR( int , submission_debug_mode , 2 );
  CEXPR( int , library_search_mode , 3 );
  CEXPR( int , experiment_mode , 4 );
  CEXPR( int , small_test_mode , 5 );
  CEXPR( int , random_test_mode , 6 );
  #ifdef USE_GETLINE
    CEXPR( bool , use_getline , true );
  #else
    CEXPR( bool , use_getline , false );
  #endif
#else
  ll GetRand( CRL Rand_min , CRL Rand_max ) { ll answer = time( NULL ); RE answer * rand() % ( Rand_max + 1 - Rand_min ) + Rand_min; }
#endif

// VVV 常設ライブラリは以下に挿入する。
// Map (1KB)
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Function/Map/compress.txt
CL is_ordered{PU:is_ordered()= delete;TE <TY T> ST CE auto Check(CO T& t)-> decltype(t < t,true_type());ST CE false_type Check(...);TE <TY T> ST CE CO bool value = is_same_v< decltype(Check(declval<T>())),true_type >;};
TE <TY T , TY U>US Map = conditional_t<is_COructible_v<unordered_map<T,int>>,unordered_map<T,U>,conditional_t<is_ordered::value<T>,map<T,U>,VO>>;

// Algebra (4KB)
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Algebra/compress.txt
#define DC_OF_CPOINT(POINT)IN CO U& POINT()CO NE
#define DC_OF_POINT(POINT)IN U& POINT()NE
#define DF_OF_CPOINT(POINT)TE <TY U> IN CO U& VirtualPointedSet<U>::POINT()CO NE{RE Point();}
#define DF_OF_POINT(POINT)TE <TY U> IN U& VirtualPointedSet<U>::POINT()NE{RE Point();}
TE <TY U>CL UnderlyingSet{PU:US type = U;};TE <TY U>CL VirtualPointedSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI CO U& Point()CO NE = 0;VI U& Point()NE = 0;DC_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DC_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DC_OF_CPOINT(One);DC_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DC_OF_POINT(init);DC_OF_POINT(root);};TE <TY U>CL PointedSet:VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>{PU:U m_b_U;IN PointedSet(U b_u = U());IN CO U& Point()CO NE;IN U& Point()NE;};TE <TY U>CL VirtualNSet:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI U Transfer(CO U& u)= 0;IN U Inverse(CO U& u);};TE <TY U,TY F_U>CL AbstractNSet:VI PU VirtualNSet<U>{PU:F_U m_f_U;IN AbstractNSet(F_U f_U);IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE <TY U>CL VirtualMagma:VI PU UnderlyingSet<U>{PU:VI U Product(U u0,CO U& u1)= 0;IN U Sum(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U = ll>CL MultiplicativeMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);};TE <TY U,TY M_U>CL AbstractMagma:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>{PU:M_U m_m_U;IN AbstractMagma(M_U m_U);IN U Product(U u0,CO U& u1);};
TE <TY U> IN PointedSet<U>::PointedSet(U b_U):m_b_U(MO(b_U)){}TE <TY U> IN CO U& PointedSet<U>::Point()CO NE{RE m_b_U;}TE <TY U> IN U& PointedSet<U>::Point()NE{RE m_b_U;}DF_OF_CPOINT(Unit);DF_OF_CPOINT(Zero);DF_OF_CPOINT(One);DF_OF_CPOINT(Infty);DF_OF_POINT(init);DF_OF_POINT(root);TE <TY U,TY F_U> IN AbstractNSet<U,F_U>::AbstractNSet(F_U f_U):m_f_U(MO(f_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v<U,F_U,U>);}TE <TY U,TY F_U> IN U AbstractNSet<U,F_U>::Transfer(CO U& u){RE m_f_U(u);}TE <TY U> IN U VirtualNSet<U>::Inverse(CO U& u){RE Transfer(u);}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN AbstractMagma<U,M_U>::AbstractMagma(M_U m_U):m_m_U(MO(m_U)){ST_AS(is_invocable_r_v<U,M_U,U,U>);}TE <TY U> IN U AdditiveMagma<U>::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE MO(u0 += u1);}TE <TY U> IN U MultiplicativeMagma<U>::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE MO(u0 *= u1);}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN U AbstractMagma<U,M_U>::Product(U u0,CO U& u1){RE m_m_U(MO(u0),u1);}TE <TY U> IN U VirtualMagma<U>::Sum(U u0,CO U& u1){RE Product(MO(u0),u1);}TE <TY U>CL VirtualMonoid:VI PU VirtualMagma<U>,VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU AdditiveMagma<U>,PU PointedSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL MultiplicativeMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU MultiplicativeMagma<U>,PU PointedSet<U>{PU:IN MultiplicativeMonoid(U e_U);};TE <TY U,TY M_U>CL AbstractMonoid:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,PU AbstractMagma<U,M_U>,PU PointedSet<U>{PU:IN AbstractMonoid(M_U m_U,U e_U);};TE <TY U> IN MultiplicativeMonoid<U>::MultiplicativeMonoid(U e_U):PointedSet<U>(MO(e_U)){}TE <TY U,TY M_U> IN AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>::AbstractMonoid(M_U m_U,U e_U):AbstractMagma<U,M_U>(MO(m_U)),PointedSet<U>(MO(e_U)){}TE <TY U>CL VirtualGroup:VI PU VirtualMonoid<U>,VI PU VirtualPointedSet<U>,VI PU VirtualNSet<U>{};TE <TY U = ll>CL AdditiveGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup<U>,PU AdditiveMonoid<U>{PU:IN U Transfer(CO U& u);};TE <TY U,TY M_U,TY I_U>CL AbstractGroup:VI PU VirtualGroup<U>,PU AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>,PU AbstractNSet<U,I_U>{PU:IN AbstractGroup(M_U m_U,U e_U,I_U i_U);};TE <TY U,TY M_U,TY I_U> IN AbstractGroup<U,M_U,I_U>::AbstractGroup(M_U m_U,U e_U,I_U i_U):AbstractMonoid<U,M_U>(MO(m_U),MO(e_U)),AbstractNSet<U,I_U>(MO(i_U)){}TE <TY U> IN U AdditiveGroup<U>::Transfer(CO U& u){RE -u;}

// Graph (5KB)
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/compress.txt
TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E>CL VirtualGraph:VI PU UnderlyingSet<T>{PU:VI R1 Enumeration(CRI i)= 0;IN R2 Enumeration_inv(CO T& t);TE <TY PATH> IN R2 Enumeration_inv(CO PATH& p);IN VO Reset();VI CRI SZ()CO NE = 0;VI E& edge()NE = 0;VI ret_t<E,T> Edge(CO T& t)= 0;VI IN R2 Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t)= 0;};TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E>CL EdgeImplimentation:VI PU VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>{PU:int m_SZ;E m_edge;IN EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI SZ()CO NE;IN E& edge()NE;IN ret_t<E,T> Edge(CO T& t);};TE <TY E>CL Graph:PU EdgeImplimentation<int,CRI,CRI,E>{PU:IN Graph(CRI SZ,E edge);IN CRI Enumeration(CRI i);TE <TY F> IN Graph<F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN CRI Enumeration_inv_Body(CRI t);};TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E>CL EnumerationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation<T,ret_t<Enum_T,int>,ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T>,E>{PU:Enum_T m_enum_T;Enum_T_inv m_enum_T_inv;IN EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge);IN ret_t<Enum_T,int> Enumeration(CRI i);TE <TY F> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T> Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t);};TE <TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge)-> EnumerationGraph<decldecay_t(declval<Enum_T>()(0)),Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>;TE <TY T,TY E>CL MemorisationGraph:PU EdgeImplimentation<T,T,CRI,E>{PU:int m_LE;VE<T> m_memory;Map<T,int> m_memory_inv;IN MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge);IN T Enumeration(CRI i);IN VO Reset();TE <TY F> IN MemorisationGraph<T,F> GetGraph(F edge)CO;IN CRI Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t);};TE <TY E> MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge)-> MemorisationGraph<decldecay_t(declval<E>()().back()),E>;TE <TY E> MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge)-> MemorisationGraph<decldecay_t(get<0>(declval<E>()().back())),E>;
TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::EdgeImplimentation(CRI SZ,E edge):m_SZ(SZ),m_edge(MO(edge)){ST_AS(is_COructible_v<T,R1> && is_COructible_v<int,R2> && is_invocable_v<E,T>);}TE <TY E> IN Graph<E>::Graph(CRI SZ,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<int,CRI,CRI,E>(SZ,MO(edge)){}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::EnumerationGraph(CRI SZ,Enum_T enum_T,Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<T,ret_t<Enum_T,int>,ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T>,E>(SZ,MO(edge)),m_enum_T(MO(enum_T)),m_enum_T_inv(MO(enum_T_inv)){}TE <TY T,TY E> IN MemorisationGraph<T,E>::MemorisationGraph(CRI SZ,E edge):EdgeImplimentation<T,T,CRI,E>(SZ,MO(edge)),m_LE(),m_memory(),m_memory_inv(){ST_AS(is_invocable_v<E> && is_invocable_v<E,T>);}TE <TY E> IN CRI Graph<E>::Enumeration(CRI i){RE i;}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN ret_t<Enum_T,int> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::Enumeration(CRI i){RE m_enum_T(i);}TE <TY T,TY E> IN T MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Enumeration(CRI i){AS(0 <= i && i < m_LE);RE m_memory[i];}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN R2 VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>::Enumeration_inv(CO T& t){RE Enumeration_inv_Body(t);}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> TE <TY PATH> IN R2 VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>::Enumeration_inv(CO PATH& p){RE Enumeration_inv_Body(get<0>(p));}TE <TY E> IN CRI Graph<E>::Enumeration_inv_Body(CRI i){RE i;}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> IN ret_t<Enum_T_inv,T> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t){RE m_enum_T_inv(t);}TE <TY T,TY E> IN CRI MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Enumeration_inv_Body(CO T& t){if(m_memory_inv.count(t)== 0){AS(m_LE < TH->SZ());m_memory.push_back(t);RE m_memory_inv[t]= m_LE++;}RE m_memory_inv[t];}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> VO VirtualGraph<T,R1,R2,E>::Reset(){}TE <TY T,TY E> IN VO MemorisationGraph<T,E>::Reset(){m_LE = 0;m_memory.clear();m_memory_inv.clear();}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN CRI EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::SZ()CO NE{RE m_SZ;}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN E& EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::edge()NE{RE m_edge;}TE <TY T,TY R1,TY R2,TY E> IN ret_t<E,T> EdgeImplimentation<T,R1,R2,E>::Edge(CO T& t){RE m_edge(t);}TE <TY E> TE <TY F> IN Graph<F> Graph<E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE Graph<F>(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}TE <TY T,TY Enum_T,TY Enum_T_inv,TY E> TE <TY F> IN EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F> EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE EnumerationGraph<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F>(TH->SZ(),m_enum_T,m_enum_T_inv,MO(edge));}TE <TY T,TY E> TE <TY F> IN MemorisationGraph<T,F> MemorisationGraph<T,E>::GetGraph(F edge)CO{RE MemorisationGraph<T,F>(TH->SZ(),MO(edge));}

// ConstexprModulo (7KB)
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Mod/ConstexprModulo/compress.txt
#define RP Represent
#define DeRP Derepresent
CEXPR(uint,P,998244353);
TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT RS(INT n)NE{RE MO(n < 0?((((++n)*= -1)%= M)*= -1)+= M - 1:n < INT(M)?n:n %= M);}TE <TY INT> CE INT& RSP(INT& n)NE{CE CO uint trunc =(1 << 23)- 1;INT n_u = n >> 23;n &= trunc;INT n_uq =(n_u / 7)/ 17;n_u -= n_uq * 119;n += n_u << 23;RE n < n_uq?n += P - n_uq:n -= n_uq;}
#define DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(OPR)CE bool OP OPR(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE
#define DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(OPR,EX)CE Mod<M> OP OPR(Mod<M> n)CO EX;
#define DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(OPR)TE <uint M> CE bool Mod<M>::OP OPR(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE{RE m_n OPR n.m_n;}
#define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(OPR,EX,LEFT,OPR2)TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP OPR(Mod<M> n)CO EX{RE MO(LEFT OPR2 ## = *TH);}TE <uint M,TY T> CE Mod<M> OP OPR(T n0,CO Mod<M>& n1)EX{RE MO(Mod<M>(MO(n0))OPR ## = n1);}
TE <uint M>CL Mod{PU:uint m_n;CE Mod()NE;CE Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod(T n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP=(Mod<M> n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;IN Mod<M>& OP/=(Mod<M> n);TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& OP<<=(INT n);TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& OP>>=(INT n);CE Mod<M>& OP++()NE;CE Mod<M> OP++(int)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP--()NE;CE Mod<M> OP--(int)NE;DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+,NE);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-,NE);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*,NE);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/,);TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> OP^(INT EX)CO;TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> OP<<(INT n)CO;TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> OP>>(INT n)CO;CE Mod<M> OP-()CO NE;CE Mod<M>& SignInvert()NE;IN Mod<M>& Invert();TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& PW(INT EX);CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n)NE;CE CO uint& RP()CO NE;ST CE Mod<M> DeRP(CO uint& n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& Inverse(CO uint& n);ST IN CO Mod<M>& Factorial(CO uint& n);ST IN CO Mod<M>& FactorialInverse(CO uint& n);ST IN Mod<M> Combination(CO uint& n,CO uint& i);ST IN CO Mod<M>& zero()NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& one()NE;TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& PositivePW(INT EX)NE;TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& NonNegativePW(INT EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Ref(T&& n)NE;ST CE uint& Normalise(uint& n)NE;};
US MP = Mod<P>;
TE <uint M> CL Mod;TE <uint M>CL COantsForMod{PU:COantsForMod()= delete;ST CE CO uint g_memory_bound =
#ifdef DEBUG
1e3;
#else
1e6;
#endif
ST CE CO uint g_memory_LE = M < g_memory_bound?M:g_memory_bound;ST CE uint g_M_minus = M - 1;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2 = M - 2;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2_neg = 2 - M;};
TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod()NE:m_n(){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE:m_n(n.m_n){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE:m_n(MO(n.m_n)){}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>::Mod(T n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(MO(n))){ST_AS(is_COructible_v<uint,decay_t<T> >);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP=(Mod<M> n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = MO(n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Normalise(m_n += n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n < n.m_n?(m_n += M)-= n.m_n:m_n -= n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = RS<M>(ull(m_n)* n.m_n));}TE <> CE MP& MP::OP*=(CO MP& n)NE{ull m_n_copy = m_n;RE Ref(m_n = MO((m_n_copy *= n.m_n)< P?m_n_copy:RSP(m_n_copy)));}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP/=(Mod<M> n){RE OP*=(n.Invert());}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP<<=(INT n){AS(n >= 0);RE *TH *= Mod<M>(2).NonNegativePW(MO(n));}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP>>=(INT n){AS(n >=0);WH(n-- > 0){((m_n & 1)== 0?m_n:m_n += M)>>= 1;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP++()NE{RE Ref(m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus?++m_n:m_n = 0);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP++(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP++();RE n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP--()NE{RE Ref(m_n == 0?m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus:--m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP--(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP--();RE n;}DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+,NE,n,+);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-,NE,n.SignInvert(),+);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*,NE,n,*);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/,,n.Invert(),*);TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP^(INT EX)CO{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH).PW(MO(EX)));}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP<<(INT n)CO{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)<<= MO(n));}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP>>(INT n)CO{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)>>= MO(n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP-()CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH).SignInvert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::SignInvert()NE{RE Ref(m_n > 0?m_n = M - m_n:m_n);}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Invert(){AS(m_n != 0);uint m_n_neg;RE m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE?Ref(m_n = Inverse(m_n).m_n):((m_n_neg = M - m_n)< COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE)?Ref(m_n = M - Inverse(m_n_neg).m_n):PositivePW(uint(COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2));}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PositivePW(INT EX)NE{Mod<M> PW{*TH};EX--;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?*TH *= PW:*TH;EX >>= 1;PW *= PW;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::NonNegativePW(INT EX)NE{RE EX == 0?Ref(m_n = 1):Ref(PositivePW(MO(EX)));}TE <uint M> TE <TY INT> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PW(INT EX){bool neg = EX < 0;AS(!(neg && m_n == 0));RE neg?PositivePW(MO(EX *= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2_neg)):NonNegativePW(MO(EX));}TE <uint M> CE VO Mod<M>::swap(Mod<M>& n)NE{std::swap(m_n,n.m_n);}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Inverse(CO uint& n){AS(n < COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE);ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE]={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr].m_n = M - memory[M % LE_curr].m_n * ull(M / LE_curr)% M;LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Factorial(CO uint& n){AS(n < COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE);ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE]={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){(memory[LE_curr]= memory[LE_curr - 1])*= LE_curr;LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::FactorialInverse(CO uint& n){ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE]={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){(memory[LE_curr]= memory[LE_curr - 1])*= Inverse(LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Mod<M>::Combination(CO uint& n,CO uint& i){RE i <= n?Factorial(n)* FactorialInverse(i)* FactorialInverse(n - i):zero();}TE <uint M> CE CO uint& Mod<M>::RP()CO NE{RE m_n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::DeRP(CO uint& n)NE{Mod<M> n_copy{};n_copy.m_n = n;RE n_copy;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::zero()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> z{};RE z;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::one()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> o{1};RE o;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Ref(T&& n)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE uint& Mod<M>::Normalise(uint& n)NE{RE n < M?n:n -= M;}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Inverse(CO Mod<M>& n){RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Inverse_CE(Mod<M> n)NE{RE MO(n.NonNegativePW(M - 2));}TE <uint M,TY INT> CE Mod<M> PW(Mod<M> n,INT EX){RE MO(n.PW(MO(EX)));}TE <uint M> CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n0,Mod<M>& n1)NE{n0.swap(n1);}TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE to_string(n.RP())+ " + " + to_string(M)+ "Z";}TE <uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,Mod<M>& n){ll m;is >> m;n = m;RE is;}TE <uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Mod<M>& n){RE os << n.RP();}
// AAA 常設ライブラリは以上に挿入する。

#define INCLUDE_LIBRARY
#include __FILE__

#endif // INCLUDE_LIBRARY

#endif // INCLUDE_SUB

#endif // INCLUDE_MAIN
yukicoder

結果

テストケース

ソースコード
