結果
| 問題 | No.2214 Products on Tree |
| ユーザー |
 otera
|
| 提出日時 | 2023-02-14 23:30:03 |
| 言語 | C++17 (gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0) |
| 結果 |
AC
|
| 実行時間 | 207 ms / 3,000 ms |
| コード長 | 23,754 bytes |
| コンパイル時間 | 2,804 ms |
| コンパイル使用メモリ | 217,352 KB |
| 実行使用メモリ | 75,112 KB |
| 最終ジャッジ日時 | 2024-07-17 11:09:41 |
| 合計ジャッジ時間 | 8,995 ms |
|
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報） |
judge1 / judge4 |
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テストケース
テストケース表示| 入力 | 結果 | 実行時間 実行使用メモリ |
|---|---|---|
| testcase_00 | AC | 2 ms
6,812 KB |
| testcase_01 | AC | 2 ms
6,940 KB |
| testcase_02 | AC | 2 ms
6,940 KB |
| testcase_03 | AC | 193 ms
25,980 KB |
| testcase_04 | AC | 197 ms
26,308 KB |
| testcase_05 | AC | 187 ms
25,116 KB |
| testcase_06 | AC | 124 ms
18,588 KB |
| testcase_07 | AC | 27 ms
7,808 KB |
| testcase_08 | AC | 15 ms
6,944 KB |
| testcase_09 | AC | 37 ms
9,216 KB |
| testcase_10 | AC | 118 ms
17,792 KB |
| testcase_11 | AC | 52 ms
11,008 KB |
| testcase_12 | AC | 62 ms
12,544 KB |
| testcase_13 | AC | 201 ms
27,184 KB |
| testcase_14 | AC | 206 ms
27,180 KB |
| testcase_15 | AC | 201 ms
27,120 KB |
| testcase_16 | AC | 207 ms
27,172 KB |
| testcase_17 | AC | 201 ms
27,116 KB |
| testcase_18 | AC | 98 ms
20,544 KB |
| testcase_19 | AC | 108 ms
22,032 KB |
| testcase_20 | AC | 93 ms
19,900 KB |
| testcase_21 | AC | 71 ms
16,584 KB |
| testcase_22 | AC | 135 ms
26,600 KB |
| testcase_23 | AC | 2 ms
6,940 KB |
| testcase_24 | AC | 2 ms
6,940 KB |
| testcase_25 | AC | 2 ms
6,944 KB |
| testcase_26 | AC | 2 ms
6,944 KB |
| testcase_27 | AC | 2 ms
6,940 KB |
| testcase_28 | AC | 99 ms
55,668 KB |
| testcase_29 | AC | 24 ms
8,704 KB |
| testcase_30 | AC | 76 ms
27,464 KB |
| testcase_31 | AC | 146 ms
27,464 KB |
| testcase_32 | AC | 140 ms
27,428 KB |
| testcase_33 | AC | 135 ms
75,052 KB |
| testcase_34 | AC | 135 ms
75,112 KB |
| testcase_35 | AC | 178 ms
51,576 KB |
| testcase_36 | AC | 179 ms
51,392 KB |
| testcase_37 | AC | 94 ms
28,100 KB |
ソースコード
/**
* author: otera
**/
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
#ifndef OTERA_MODINT
#define OTERA_MODINT 1
#include <cassert>
#include <numeric>
#include <type_traits>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <intrin.h>
#endif
#include <utility>
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <intrin.h>
#endif
namespace atcoder {
namespace internal {
constexpr long long safe_mod(long long x, long long m) {
x %= m;
if (x < 0) x += m;
return x;
}
struct barrett {
unsigned int _m;
unsigned long long im;
explicit barrett(unsigned int m) : _m(m), im((unsigned long long)(-1) / m + 1) {}
unsigned int umod() const { return _m; }
unsigned int mul(unsigned int a, unsigned int b) const {
unsigned long long z = a;
z *= b;
#ifdef _MSC_VER
unsigned long long x;
_umul128(z, im, &x);
#else
unsigned long long x =
(unsigned long long)(((unsigned __int128)(z)*im) >> 64);
#endif
unsigned int v = (unsigned int)(z - x * _m);
if (_m <= v) v += _m;
return v;
}
};
constexpr long long pow_mod_constexpr(long long x, long long n, int m) {
if (m == 1) return 0;
unsigned int _m = (unsigned int)(m);
unsigned long long r = 1;
unsigned long long y = safe_mod(x, m);
while (n) {
if (n & 1) r = (r * y) % _m;
y = (y * y) % _m;
n >>= 1;
}
return r;
}
constexpr bool is_prime_constexpr(int n) {
if (n <= 1) return false;
if (n == 2 || n == 7 || n == 61) return true;
if (n % 2 == 0) return false;
long long d = n - 1;
while (d % 2 == 0) d /= 2;
constexpr long long bases[3] = {2, 7, 61};
for (long long a : bases) {
long long t = d;
long long y = pow_mod_constexpr(a, t, n);
while (t != n - 1 && y != 1 && y != n - 1) {
y = y * y % n;
t <<= 1;
}
if (y != n - 1 && t % 2 == 0) {
return false;
}
}
return true;
}
template <int n> constexpr bool is_prime = is_prime_constexpr(n);
constexpr std::pair<long long, long long> inv_gcd(long long a, long long b) {
a = safe_mod(a, b);
if (a == 0) return {b, 0};
long long s = b, t = a;
long long m0 = 0, m1 = 1;
while (t) {
long long u = s / t;
s -= t * u;
m0 -= m1 * u; // |m1 * u| <= |m1| * s <= b
auto tmp = s;
s = t;
t = tmp;
tmp = m0;
m0 = m1;
m1 = tmp;
}
if (m0 < 0) m0 += b / s;
return {s, m0};
}
constexpr int primitive_root_constexpr(int m) {
if (m == 2) return 1;
if (m == 167772161) return 3;
if (m == 469762049) return 3;
if (m == 754974721) return 11;
if (m == 998244353) return 3;
int divs[20] = {};
divs[0] = 2;
int cnt = 1;
int x = (m - 1) / 2;
while (x % 2 == 0) x /= 2;
for (int i = 3; (long long)(i)*i <= x; i += 2) {
if (x % i == 0) {
divs[cnt++] = i;
while (x % i == 0) {
x /= i;
}
}
}
if (x > 1) {
divs[cnt++] = x;
}
for (int g = 2;; g++) {
bool ok = true;
for (int i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
if (pow_mod_constexpr(g, (m - 1) / divs[i], m) == 1) {
ok = false;
break;
}
}
if (ok) return g;
}
}
template <int m> constexpr int primitive_root = primitive_root_constexpr(m);
unsigned long long floor_sum_unsigned(unsigned long long n,
unsigned long long m,
unsigned long long a,
unsigned long long b) {
unsigned long long ans = 0;
while (true) {
if (a >= m) {
ans += n * (n - 1) / 2 * (a / m);
a %= m;
}
if (b >= m) {
ans += n * (b / m);
b %= m;
}
unsigned long long y_max = a * n + b;
if (y_max < m) break;
n = (unsigned long long)(y_max / m);
b = (unsigned long long)(y_max % m);
std::swap(m, a);
}
return ans;
}
} // namespace internal
} // namespace atcoder
#include <cassert>
#include <numeric>
#include <type_traits>
namespace atcoder {
namespace internal {
#ifndef _MSC_VER
template <class T>
using is_signed_int128 =
typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __int128_t>::value ||
std::is_same<T, __int128>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int128 =
typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __uint128_t>::value ||
std::is_same<T, unsigned __int128>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using make_unsigned_int128 =
typename std::conditional<std::is_same<T, __int128_t>::value,
__uint128_t,
unsigned __int128>;
template <class T>
using is_integral = typename std::conditional<std::is_integral<T>::value ||
is_signed_int128<T>::value ||
is_unsigned_int128<T>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using is_signed_int = typename std::conditional<(is_integral<T>::value &&
std::is_signed<T>::value) ||
is_signed_int128<T>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int =
typename std::conditional<(is_integral<T>::value &&
std::is_unsigned<T>::value) ||
is_unsigned_int128<T>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional<
is_signed_int128<T>::value,
make_unsigned_int128<T>,
typename std::conditional<std::is_signed<T>::value,
std::make_unsigned<T>,
std::common_type<T>>::type>::type;
#else
template <class T> using is_integral = typename std::is_integral<T>;
template <class T>
using is_signed_int =
typename std::conditional<is_integral<T>::value && std::is_signed<T>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int =
typename std::conditional<is_integral<T>::value &&
std::is_unsigned<T>::value,
std::true_type,
std::false_type>::type;
template <class T>
using to_unsigned = typename std::conditional<is_signed_int<T>::value,
std::make_unsigned<T>,
std::common_type<T>>::type;
#endif
template <class T>
using is_signed_int_t = std::enable_if_t<is_signed_int<T>::value>;
template <class T>
using is_unsigned_int_t = std::enable_if_t<is_unsigned_int<T>::value>;
template <class T> using to_unsigned_t = typename to_unsigned<T>::type;
} // namespace internal
} // namespace atcoder
namespace atcoder {
namespace internal {
struct modint_base {};
struct static_modint_base : modint_base {};
template <class T> using is_modint = std::is_base_of<modint_base, T>;
template <class T> using is_modint_t = std::enable_if_t<is_modint<T>::value>;
} // namespace internal
template <int m, std::enable_if_t<(1 <= m)>* = nullptr>
struct static_modint : internal::static_modint_base {
using mint = static_modint;
public:
static constexpr int mod() { return m; }
static mint raw(int v) {
mint x;
x._v = v;
return x;
}
static_modint() : _v(0) {}
template <class T, internal::is_signed_int_t<T>* = nullptr>
static_modint(T v) {
long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(umod()));
if (x < 0) x += umod();
_v = (unsigned int)(x);
}
template <class T, internal::is_unsigned_int_t<T>* = nullptr>
static_modint(T v) {
_v = (unsigned int)(v % umod());
}
unsigned int val() const { return _v; }
mint& operator++() {
_v++;
if (_v == umod()) _v = 0;
return *this;
}
mint& operator--() {
if (_v == 0) _v = umod();
_v--;
return *this;
}
mint operator++(int) {
mint result = *this;
++*this;
return result;
}
mint operator--(int) {
mint result = *this;
--*this;
return result;
}
mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) {
_v += rhs._v;
if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod();
return *this;
}
mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) {
_v -= rhs._v;
if (_v >= umod()) _v += umod();
return *this;
}
mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) {
unsigned long long z = _v;
z *= rhs._v;
_v = (unsigned int)(z % umod());
return *this;
}
mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); }
mint operator+() const { return *this; }
mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; }
mint pow(long long n) const {
assert(0 <= n);
mint x = *this, r = 1;
while (n) {
if (n & 1) r *= x;
x *= x;
n >>= 1;
}
return r;
}
mint inv() const {
if (prime) {
assert(_v);
return pow(umod() - 2);
} else {
auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, m);
assert(eg.first == 1);
return eg.second;
}
}
friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) += rhs;
}
friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) -= rhs;
}
friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) *= rhs;
}
friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) /= rhs;
}
friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return lhs._v == rhs._v;
}
friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return lhs._v != rhs._v;
}
private:
unsigned int _v;
static constexpr unsigned int umod() { return m; }
static constexpr bool prime = internal::is_prime<m>;
};
template <int id> struct dynamic_modint : internal::modint_base {
using mint = dynamic_modint;
public:
static int mod() { return (int)(bt.umod()); }
static void set_mod(int m) {
assert(1 <= m);
bt = internal::barrett(m);
}
static mint raw(int v) {
mint x;
x._v = v;
return x;
}
dynamic_modint() : _v(0) {}
template <class T, internal::is_signed_int_t<T>* = nullptr>
dynamic_modint(T v) {
long long x = (long long)(v % (long long)(mod()));
if (x < 0) x += mod();
_v = (unsigned int)(x);
}
template <class T, internal::is_unsigned_int_t<T>* = nullptr>
dynamic_modint(T v) {
_v = (unsigned int)(v % mod());
}
unsigned int val() const { return _v; }
mint& operator++() {
_v++;
if (_v == umod()) _v = 0;
return *this;
}
mint& operator--() {
if (_v == 0) _v = umod();
_v--;
return *this;
}
mint operator++(int) {
mint result = *this;
++*this;
return result;
}
mint operator--(int) {
mint result = *this;
--*this;
return result;
}
mint& operator+=(const mint& rhs) {
_v += rhs._v;
if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod();
return *this;
}
mint& operator-=(const mint& rhs) {
_v += mod() - rhs._v;
if (_v >= umod()) _v -= umod();
return *this;
}
mint& operator*=(const mint& rhs) {
_v = bt.mul(_v, rhs._v);
return *this;
}
mint& operator/=(const mint& rhs) { return *this = *this * rhs.inv(); }
mint operator+() const { return *this; }
mint operator-() const { return mint() - *this; }
mint pow(long long n) const {
assert(0 <= n);
mint x = *this, r = 1;
while (n) {
if (n & 1) r *= x;
x *= x;
n >>= 1;
}
return r;
}
mint inv() const {
auto eg = internal::inv_gcd(_v, mod());
assert(eg.first == 1);
return eg.second;
}
friend mint operator+(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) += rhs;
}
friend mint operator-(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) -= rhs;
}
friend mint operator*(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) *= rhs;
}
friend mint operator/(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return mint(lhs) /= rhs;
}
friend bool operator==(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return lhs._v == rhs._v;
}
friend bool operator!=(const mint& lhs, const mint& rhs) {
return lhs._v != rhs._v;
}
private:
unsigned int _v;
static internal::barrett bt;
static unsigned int umod() { return bt.umod(); }
};
template <int id> internal::barrett dynamic_modint<id>::bt(998244353);
using modint998244353 = static_modint<998244353>;
using modint1000000007 = static_modint<1000000007>;
using modint = dynamic_modint<-1>;
namespace internal {
template <class T>
using is_static_modint = std::is_base_of<internal::static_modint_base, T>;
template <class T>
using is_static_modint_t = std::enable_if_t<is_static_modint<T>::value>;
template <class> struct is_dynamic_modint : public std::false_type {};
template <int id>
struct is_dynamic_modint<dynamic_modint<id>> : public std::true_type {};
template <class T>
using is_dynamic_modint_t = std::enable_if_t<is_dynamic_modint<T>::value>;
} // namespace internal
} // namespace atcoder
namespace otera {
using modint107 = atcoder::modint1000000007;
using modint998 = atcoder::modint998244353;
using modint = atcoder::modint;
}; //namespace otera
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const atcoder::modint1000000007 &e) {
out << e.val();
return out;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const atcoder::modint998244353 &e) {
out << e.val();
return out;
}
std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream& out, const atcoder::modint &e) {
out << e.val();
return out;
}
#endif // OTERA_MODINT
namespace otera {
template<typename T>
struct edge {
int to;
T cost;
int id;
edge(int to, T cost, int id) : to(to), cost(cost), id(id) {}
};
template<typename T = int>
struct graph : std::vector<std::vector<edge<T>>> {
int _n, _m;
bool is_directed;
using cost_type = T;
using edge_type = edge<T>;
graph() : _n(0), _m(0), is_directed(false) {}
graph(int n, bool is_directed = false) : _n(n), _m(0), is_directed(is_directed) {
(*this).assign(n, std::vector<edge<T>>());
}
void add_edge(int frm, int to, T cost = 1, int id = -1) {
assert(0 <= frm and frm < _n and 0 <= to and to < _n);
if(id == -1) id = _m;
(*this)[frm].emplace_back(to, cost, id);
(*this)[to].emplace_back(frm, cost, id);
++ _m;
}
void add_directed_edge(int frm, int to, T cost = 1, int id = -1) {
assert(0 <= frm and frm < _n and 0 <= to and to < _n);
assert(is_directed);
if(id == -1) id = _m;
(*this)[frm].emplace_back(to, cost, id);
++ _m;
}
void read_tree(bool wt = false, int off = 1) {
read_graph(_n - 1, wt, off);
}
void read_graph(int m, bool wt = false, int off = 1) {
assert(!is_directed);
for(int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) {
int a, b; std::cin >> a >> b;
a -= off, b -= off;
assert(0 <= a and a < _n and 0 <= b and b < _n);
if(!wt) {
add_edge(a, b);
} else {
T c; std::cin >> c;
add_edge(a, b, c);
}
}
}
void read_directed_graph(int m, bool wt = false, int off = 1) {
assert(is_directed);
for(int i = 0; i < m; ++ i) {
int a, b; std::cin >> a >> b;
a -= off, b -= off;
assert(0 <= a and a < _n and 0 <= b and b < _n);
if(!wt) {
add_directed_edge(a, b);
} else {
T c; std::cin >> c;
add_directed_edge(a, b, c);
}
}
}
void read_parent(int off = 1) {
for(int v = 1; v < _n; ++ v) {
int p; std::cin >> p;
p -= off;
add_edge(p, v);
}
}
int deg(int v) {
return (int)size((*this)[v]);
}
};
} // namespace otera
namespace otera {}
using namespace std;
using namespace otera;
struct io_setup {
io_setup(int precision = 20) {
ios::sync_with_stdio(false);
cin.tie(0);
cout << fixed << setprecision(precision);
}
} io_setup_ {};
#define int long long
using ll = long long;
using ld = long double;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using i128 = __int128_t;
using u128 = __uint128_t;
#define repa(i, n) for(int i = 0; i < (n); ++ i)
#define repb(i, a, b) for(int i = (a); i < (b); ++ i)
#define repc(i, a, b, c) for(int i = (a); i < (b); i += (c))
#define overload4(a, b, c, d, e, ...) e
#define overload3(a, b, c, d, ...) d
#define rep(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, repc, repb, repa)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define rep1a(i, n) for(int i = 0; i <= (n); ++ i)
#define rep1b(i, a, b) for(int i = (a); i <= (b); ++ i)
#define rep1c(i, a, b, c) for(int i = (a); i <= (b); i += (c))
#define rep1(...) overload4(__VA_ARGS__, rep1c, rep1b, rep1a)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define rev_repa(i, n) for(int i=(n)-1;i>=0;i--)
#define rev_repb(i, a, b) assert((a) > (b));for(int i=(a);i>(b);i--)
#define rev_rep(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, rev_repb, rev_repa)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define rev_rep1a(i, n) for(int i=(n);i>=1;i--)
#define rev_rep1b(i, a, b) assert((a) >= (b));for(int i=(a);i>=(b);i--)
#define rev_rep1(...) overload3(__VA_ARGS__, rev_rep1b, rev_rep1a)(__VA_ARGS__)
#define for_subset(t, s) for(ll t = (s); t >= 0; t = (t == 0 ? -1 : (t - 1) & (s)))
typedef pair<int, int> P;
typedef pair<ll, ll> LP;
#define pb push_back
#define pf push_front
#define ppb pop_back
#define ppf pop_front
#define eb emplace_back
#define mkp make_pair
#define mkt make_tuple
#define fr first
#define sc second
#define all(c) std::begin(c), std::end(c)
#define rall(c) std::rbegin(c), std::rend(c)
#define lb(c, x) distance(std::begin(c), lower_bound(all(c), (x)))
#define ub(c, x) distance(std::begin(c), upper_bound(all(c), (x)))
#define Sort(a) sort(all(a))
#define Rev(a) reverse(all(a))
#define Uniq(a) sort(all(a));(a).erase(unique(all(a)),std::end(a))
#define si(c) (int)(c).size()
inline ll popcnt(ull a){ return __builtin_popcountll(a); }
#define kth_bit(x, k) ((x>>k)&1)
#define unless(A) if(!(A))
#define elif else if
ll modulo(ll n, ll d){ return (n % d + d) % d; };
ll intpow(ll a, ll b){ ll ans = 1; while(b){ if(b & 1) ans *= a; a *= a; b /= 2; } return ans; }
ll intpow(ll a, ll b, ll m) {ll ans = 1; while(b){ if(b & 1) (ans *= a) %= m; (a *= a) %= m; b /= 2; } return ans; }
template<class T> inline bool chmax(T& a, T b) { if (a < b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
template<class T> inline bool chmin(T& a, T b) { if (a > b) { a = b; return 1; } return 0; }
#define INT(...) int __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LL(...) ll __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define ULL(...) ull __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define STR(...) string __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define CHR(...) char __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define DBL(...) double __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define LD(...) ld __VA_ARGS__;in(__VA_ARGS__)
#define vec(type,name,...) vector<type>name(__VA_ARGS__)
#define VEC(type,name,size) vector<type>name(size);in(name)
#define vv(type,name,h,...) vector<vector<type>>name(h,vector<type>(__VA_ARGS__))
#define VV(type,name,h,w) vector<vector<type>>name(h,vector<type>(w));in(name)
#define vvv(type,name,h,w,...) vector<vector<vector<type>>>name(h,vector<vector<type>>(w,vector<type>(__VA_ARGS__)))
template <class T> using vc = vector<T>;
template <class T> using vvc = vector<vc<T>>;
template <class T> using vvvc = vector<vvc<T>>;
template <class T> using vvvvc = vector<vvvc<T>>;
template <class T> using pq = priority_queue<T>;
template <class T> using pqg = priority_queue<T, vector<T>, greater<T>>;
template <class T, class U> using umap = unordered_map<T, U>;
template<class T> void scan(T& a){ cin >> a; }
template<class T> void scan(vector<T>& a){ for(auto&& i : a) scan(i); }
void in(){}
template <class Head, class... Tail> void in(Head& head, Tail&... tail){ scan(head); in(tail...); }
void print(){ cout << ' '; }
template<class T> void print(const T& a){ cout << a; }
template<class T> void print(const vector<T>& a){ if(a.empty()) return; print(a[0]); for(auto i = a.begin(); ++i != a.end(); ){ cout << ' '; print(*i); } }
int out(){ cout << '\n'; return 0; }
template<class T> int out(const T& t){ print(t); cout << '\n'; return 0; }
template<class Head, class... Tail> int out(const Head& head, const Tail&... tail){ print(head); cout << ' '; out(tail...); return 0; }
#define CHOOSE(a) CHOOSE2 a
#define CHOOSE2(a0,a1,a2,a3,a4,x,...) x
#define debug_1(x1) cout<<#x1<<": "<<x1<<endl
#define debug_2(x1,x2) cout<<#x1<<": "<<x1<<", "#x2<<": "<<x2<<endl
#define debug_3(x1,x2,x3) cout<<#x1<<": "<<x1<<", "#x2<<": "<<x2<<", "#x3<<": "<<x3<<endl
#define debug_4(x1,x2,x3,x4) cout<<#x1<<": "<<x1<<", "#x2<<": "<<x2<<", "#x3<<": "<<x3<<", "#x4<<": "<<x4<<endl
#define debug_5(x1,x2,x3,x4,x5) cout<<#x1<<": "<<x1<<", "#x2<<": "<<x2<<", "#x3<<": "<<x3<<", "#x4<<": "<<x4<<", "#x5<<": "<<x5<<endl
#ifdef DEBUG
#define debug(...) CHOOSE((__VA_ARGS__,debug_5,debug_4,debug_3,debug_2,debug_1,~))(__VA_ARGS__)
#define dump(...) { print(#__VA_ARGS__); print(":"); out(__VA_ARGS__); }
#else
#define debug(...)
#define dump(...)
#endif
using mint = modint998;
void solve() {
INT(n);
graph g(n);
g.read_tree();
vvc<mint> dp(n, vc<mint>(2, 0));
auto dfs = [&](auto&&dfs, int v, int p) -> void {
vc<mint> sdp(2, 1);
vc<mint> ndp = sdp;
for(auto e: g[v]) {
int nv = e.to;
if(e.to == p) continue;
dfs(dfs, nv, v);
ndp.assign(2, 0);
// cut
{
ndp[0] += sdp[0] * dp[nv][1];
ndp[1] += sdp[1] * dp[nv][1];
}
// not cut
{
ndp[0] += sdp[0] * dp[nv][0];
ndp[1] += sdp[0] * dp[nv][1];
ndp[1] += sdp[1] * dp[nv][0];
}
swap(sdp, ndp);
}
rep(f, 2) {
debug(v, f, sdp[f]);
dp[v][f] = sdp[f];
}
};
dfs(dfs, 0, -1);
mint ans = dp[0][1];
out(ans);
}
signed main() {
int testcase = 1;
// in(testcase);
while(testcase--) solve();
return 0;
}