#942805 (C++17) No.2432 Flip and Move

提出ソース
結果

問題	No.2432 Flip and Move
ユーザー	👑 p-adic
提出日時	2024-01-11 17:41:46
言語	C++17 (gcc 12.3.0 + boost 1.83.0)
結果	WA
実行時間	-
コード長	54,778 bytes
コンパイル時間	3,251 ms
コンパイル使用メモリ	241,172 KB
実行使用メモリ	6,948 KB
最終ジャッジ日時	2024-09-27 20:37:46
合計ジャッジ時間	6,243 ms
ジャッジサーバーID （参考情報）	judge3 / judge2
このコードへのチャレンジ
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テストケース

テストケース表示
入力	結果	実行時間実行使用メモリ
testcase_00	AC	1 ms 5,248 KB
testcase_01	AC	2 ms 5,376 KB
testcase_02	WA	-
testcase_03	WA	-
testcase_04	WA	-
testcase_05	WA	-
testcase_06	WA	-
testcase_07	WA	-
testcase_08	WA	-
testcase_09	WA	-
testcase_10	WA	-
testcase_11	WA	-
testcase_12	WA	-
testcase_13	WA	-
testcase_14	WA	-
testcase_15	WA	-
testcase_16	WA	-
testcase_17	WA	-
testcase_18	WA	-
testcase_19	WA	-
testcase_20	WA	-
testcase_21	WA	-
testcase_22	WA	-
testcase_23	WA	-
testcase_24	WA	-
testcase_25	WA	-
testcase_26	WA	-
testcase_27	WA	-
testcase_28	WA	-
testcase_29	WA	-
testcase_30	WA	-
testcase_31	WA	-
testcase_32	WA	-
testcase_33	WA	-
testcase_34	WA	-
testcase_35	WA	-
testcase_36	AC	2 ms 5,376 KB
testcase_37	AC	1 ms 5,376 KB
testcase_38	WA	-
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ソースコード

raw source code
#ifndef INCLUDE_MODE
  #define INCLUDE_MODE
  // #define REACTIVE
  // #define USE_GETLINE
#endif

#ifdef INCLUDE_MAIN

using type = tuple<int,int,bool,bool>;
type f( const type& t ) { auto [i,j,D,R] = t; if( D ){ if( i + 1 < H ){ i++; } else { D = !D; } } else { if( i > 0 ){ i--; } else { D = !D; } } if( R ){ if( j + 1 < W ){ j++; } else { R = !R; } } else { if( j > 0 ){ j--; } else { R = !R; } } return { i , j ,D , R }; }
type enum_type( const int& t ){ auto [i,j] = EnumHW( t / 4 ); return { i , j , t % 4 / 2 , t % 2 }; }
int enum_type_inv( const type& t ){ auto&& [i,j,D,R] = t; return EnumHW_inv( i , j ) * 4 + D * 2 + R; }

inline void Solve()
{
  cin >> H >> W; H_minus = H - 1; W_minus = W - 1; HW = H * W;
  CIN( ll , K );
  EnumerationLoopDetection ld{ type( 0 , 0 , true , true ) , enum_type , enum_type_inv , f };
  const int& loop_start = ld.GetLoopStart();
  const int& loop_length = ld.GetLoopLength();

  bool b[H][W] = {};
  type t = { 0 , 0 , true , true };

  if( K < loop_start ){

    REPEAT( K ){

      auto& [i,j,D,R] = t;
      b[i][j] = !b[i][j];
      t = f( t );

    }

  } else {

    REPEAT( loop_start ){

      auto& [i,j,D,R] = t;
      b[i][j] = !b[i][j];
      t = f( t );

    }

    K -= loop_start;

    if( ( K / loop_length ) % 2 == 1 ){

      REPEAT( loop_length ){

	auto& [i,j,D,R] = t;
	b[i][j] = !b[i][j];
	t = f( t );

      }

    }

    K %= loop_length;
    
    REPEAT( K ){

      auto& [i,j,D,R] = t;
      b[i][j] = !b[i][j];
      t = f( t );

    }

  }

  FOR( i , 0 , H ){
    FOR( j , 0 , W ){
      cout << ( b[i][j] ? "#" : "." );
    }
    cout << "\n";
  }
}
REPEAT_MAIN(1);

#else // INCLUDE_MAIN

#ifdef INCLUDE_SUB

// グラフ用
template <typename T> Map<T,T> gF;
template <typename T> inline T GetgF( const T& t ){ return gF<T>[t]; }

template <typename T> vector<T> gA;
template <typename T> inline T GetgA( const int& i ){ return gA<T>[i]; }

template <typename PATH> vector<list<PATH> > gE;
template <typename PATH> list<PATH> GetgE( const int& i )
{
  // list<PATH> answer{};
  list<PATH> answer = gE<PATH>[i];
  // VVV 入力によらない処理は以下に挿入する。

  // AAA 入力によらない処理は以上に挿入する。
  return answer;
}

// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Naive( int N , int M , int K )
{
  ll answer = N + M + K;
  return answer;
}

// COMPAREに使用。圧縮時は削除する。
ll Answer( ll N , ll M , ll K )
{
  // START_WATCH;
  ll answer = N + M + K;

  // // TLに準じる乱択や全探索。デフォルトの猶予は100.0[ms]。
  // CEXPR( double , TL , 2000.0 );
  // while( CHECK_WATCH( TL ) ){

  // }
  return answer;
}

// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
inline void Experiment()
{
  // CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
  // FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
  //   FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
  //     FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
  //   	COUT( N , M , K , ":" , Naive( N , M , K ) );
  //     }
  //   }
  //   // cout << Naive( N ) << ",\n"[N==bound];
  // }
}

// 圧縮時は中身だけ削除する。
inline void SmallTest()
{
  // CEXPR( int , bound , 10 );
  // FOREQ( N , 0 , bound ){
  //   FOREQ( M , 0 , bound ){
  //     FOREQ( K , 0 , bound ){
  //   	COMPARE( N , M , K );
  //     }
  //   }
  //   // COMPARE( N );
  // }
}

#define INCLUDE_MAIN
#include __FILE__

#else // INCLUDE_SUB

#ifdef INCLUDE_LIBRARY

/*

C-x 3 C-x o C-x C-fによるファイル操作用

BFS:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/BreadthFirstSearch/compress.txt

CoordinateCompress:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/CoordinateCompress/compress.txt

DFSOnTree
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Geometry/Graph/DepthFirstSearch/Tree/a.hpp

Divisor:
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Prime/Divisor/compress.txt

Polynomial
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Polynomial/compress.txt

UnionFind
c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Utility/VLTree/UnionFindForest/compress.txt

*/

// VVV 常設でないライブラリは以下に挿入する。

// Fはf:T->U(-->T)の型。
// fのループ検出を行う。

// 反復合成O(loop_start+(n-loop_start)%loop_length)
// 像の要素数取得O(1)（ただしループ検出前の時のみO(loop_start+loop_length)）
// ループ始点取得O(1)（ただしループ検出前の時のみO(loop_start+loop_length)）
// ループ長取得O(1)（ただしループ検出前の時のみO(loop_start+loop_length)）
template <typename T , typename F>
class LoopDetection_Body
{

private:
  T m_init;
  F m_f;
  
protected:
  int m_length;
  int m_loop_start;
  int m_loop_length;

public:
  inline LoopDetection_Body( const T& init , F f );
  
  template <typename INT> T IteratedComposition( const INT& n );

  // 像の要素数取得
  inline const int& GetLength() noexcept;
  // ループ始点取得
  inline const int& GetLoopStart() noexcept;
  // ループ長取得
  inline const int& GetLoopLength() noexcept;
  
private:
  inline void SetInit();
  inline void SearchLoop();
  virtual T e( const int& i ) = 0;
  virtual int e_inv( const T& t ) = 0;
  virtual void SetValue( const int& i ) = 0;
  virtual const int& GetValue( const int& i ) = 0;

};

template <typename T , typename F>
class ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection :
  public LoopDetection_Body<T,F>
{

private:
  unordered_map<int,int> m_value;
  unordered_map<int,int> m_value_inv;

public:
  inline ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection( const T& init , F f );

private:
  void SetValue( const int& i );
  int& RefValue( const int& i );
  const int& GetValue( const int& i );
  int& RefValue_inv( const int& i );

};

template <typename F>
class LoopDetection :
  public ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<int,F>
{
  
public:
  inline LoopDetection( const int& init , F f );

private:
  inline int e( const int& i );
  inline int e_inv( const int& t );

};

template <typename T , typename F>
class MemorisationLoopDetection :
  public LoopDetection_Body<T,F>
{

private:
  Map<T,int> m_memory;
  vector<T> m_memory_inv;

public:
  inline MemorisationLoopDetection( const T& init , F f );
  inline T e( const int& i );
  inline int e_inv( const T& t );
  void SetValue( const int& i );
  const int& GetValue( const int& i );

};

template <typename T , typename Enum_T , typename Enum_T_inv , typename F>
class EnumerationLoopDetection :
  public ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>
{

private:
  Enum_T m_enum_T;
  Enum_T_inv m_enum_T_inv;

public:
  inline EnumerationLoopDetection( const T& init , Enum_T enum_T , Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv , F f );
  
private:
  inline T e( const int& i );
  inline int e_inv( const T& t );

};

template <typename T , typename F> inline LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::LoopDetection_Body( const T& init , F f ) : m_init( init ) , m_f( move( f ) ) , m_length() , m_loop_start( -1 ) , m_loop_length( -1 ) { static_assert( is_invocable_r_v<T,F,T> ); }
template <typename T , typename F> inline ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>::ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection( const T& init , F f ) : LoopDetection_Body<T,F>( init , move( f ) ) , m_value() , m_value_inv() {}
template <typename F> inline LoopDetection<F>::LoopDetection( const int& init , F f ) : ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<int,F>( init , move( f ) ) {}
template <typename T , typename F> inline MemorisationLoopDetection<T,F>::MemorisationLoopDetection( const T& init , F f ) : LoopDetection_Body<T,F>( init , move( f ) ) , m_memory() , m_memory_inv() {}
template <typename T , typename Enum_T , typename Enum_T_inv , typename F> inline EnumerationLoopDetection<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F>::EnumerationLoopDetection( const T& init , Enum_T enum_T , Enum_T_inv enum_T_inv , F f ) : ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>( init , move( f ) ) , m_enum_T( enum_T ) , m_enum_T_inv( enum_T_inv ) { static_assert( is_invocable_r_v<T,Enum_T,int> && is_invocable_r_v<int,Enum_T_inv,T> ); }

template <typename T , typename F> template <typename INT>
T LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::IteratedComposition( const INT& n )
{

  if( m_length == 0 ){

    SetInit();

  }

  if( n < m_length ){

    return e( GetValue( n ) );
    
  }

  if( m_loop_start != -1 ){

    return e( GetValue( m_loop_start + ( n - m_loop_start ) % m_loop_length ) );

  }
  
  SetValue( e_inv( m_f( e( GetValue( m_length - 1 ) ) ) ) );
  return IteratedComposition( n );

}

template <typename T , typename F> inline const int& LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::GetLength() noexcept { if( m_loop_length == -1 ){ SearchLoop(); } return m_length; }
template <typename T , typename F> inline const int& LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::GetLoopStart() noexcept { if( m_loop_start == -1 ){ SearchLoop(); } return m_loop_start; }
template <typename T , typename F> inline const int& LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::GetLoopLength() noexcept { if( m_loop_length == -1 ){ SearchLoop(); } return m_loop_length; }

template <typename T , typename F> inline void LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::SetInit() { assert( m_length == 0 ); SetValue( e_inv( m_init ) ); }

template <typename T , typename F> inline void LoopDetection_Body<T,F>::SearchLoop() { assert( m_loop_length == -1 ); int n = 0; while( m_loop_length == -1 ){ IteratedComposition( n++ ); } }

template <typename F> inline int LoopDetection<F>::e( const int& i ) { return i; }
template <typename T , typename F> inline T MemorisationLoopDetection<T,F>::e( const int& i ) { using base = LoopDetection_Body<T,F>; assert( i < base::m_length ); return m_memory_inv[i]; }
template <typename T , typename Enum_T , typename Enum_T_inv , typename F> inline T EnumerationLoopDetection<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F>::e( const int& i ) { return m_enum_T( i ); }

template <typename F> inline int LoopDetection<F>::e_inv( const int& t ) { return t; }
template <typename T , typename F> inline int MemorisationLoopDetection<T,F>::e_inv( const T& t ) { using base = LoopDetection_Body<T,F>; if( m_memory.count( t ) == 0 ){ m_memory_inv.push_back( t ); return m_memory[t] = base::m_length++; } base::m_loop_length = base::m_length - ( base::m_loop_start = m_memory[t] ); return base::m_loop_start; }
template <typename T , typename Enum_T , typename Enum_T_inv , typename F> inline int EnumerationLoopDetection<T,Enum_T,Enum_T_inv,F>::e_inv( const T& t ) { return m_enum_T_inv( t ); }

template <typename T , typename F> inline void ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>::SetValue( const int& i )
{

  using base = LoopDetection_Body<T,F>;
  int& m_value_inv_i = RefValue_inv( i );

  if( m_value_inv_i != -1 ){

    base::m_loop_length = base::m_length - ( base::m_loop_start = m_value_inv_i );

  } else {
  
    RefValue( base::m_length ) = i;
    m_value_inv_i = base::m_length++;

  }

  return;

}

template <typename T , typename F> inline void MemorisationLoopDetection<T,F>::SetValue( const int& i ) {}

template <typename T , typename F> inline int& ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>::RefValue( const int& i ) { if( m_value.count( i ) == 0 ){ return m_value[i] = i; } return m_value[i]; }
template <typename T , typename F> inline const int& ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>::GetValue( const int& i ) { return RefValue( i ); }
template <typename T , typename F> inline const int& MemorisationLoopDetection<T,F>::GetValue( const int& i ) { return i; }

template <typename T , typename F> inline int& ValueCalculatorForLoopDetection<T,F>::RefValue_inv( const int& i ) { if( m_value_inv.count( i ) == 0 ){ return m_value_inv[i] = i; } return m_value_inv[i]; }

// AAA 常設でないライブラリは以上に挿入する。

#define INCLUDE_SUB
#include __FILE__

#else // INCLUDE_LIBRARY

#ifdef DEBUG
  #define _GLIBCXX_DEBUG
  #define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; signal( SIGABRT , &AlertAbort ); AutoCheck( exec_mode , use_getline ); if( exec_mode == sample_debug_mode || exec_mode == submission_debug_mode || exec_mode == library_search_mode ){ return 0; } else if( exec_mode == experiment_mode ){ Experiment(); return 0; } else if( exec_mode == small_test_mode ){ SmallTest(); return 0; }; DEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND , min( BOUND , 100 ) ); int test_case_num = 1; if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ if constexpr( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( "ランダムテストを行う回数を指定してください。" ); SET_LL( test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN
  #define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE , DEBUG_VALUE ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , DEBUG_VALUE )
  #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) CERR( "ASSERTチェック： " , ( MIN ) , ( ( MIN ) <= A ? "<=" : ">" ) , A , ( A <= ( MAX ) ? "<=" : ">" ) , ( MAX ) ); assert( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
  #define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) if( exec_mode == solve_mode ){ SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ); } else if( exec_mode == random_test_mode ){ CERR( #A , " = " , ( A = GetRand( MIN , MAX ) ) ); } else { assert( false ); }
  #define SOLVE_ONLY static_assert( __FUNCTION__[0] == 'S' )
  #define CERR( ... ) VariadicCout( cerr , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
  #define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout << "出力： " , __VA_ARGS__ ) << endl
  #define CERR_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cerr , A , N ) << endl
  #define COUT_A( A , N ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << endl
  #define CERR_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cerr , A ) << endl
  #define COUT_ITR( A ) cout << "出力： "; OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << endl
#else
  #pragma GCC optimize ( "O3" )
  #pragma GCC optimize ( "unroll-loops" )
  #pragma GCC target ( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" )
  #define REPEAT_MAIN( BOUND ) START_MAIN; CEXPR( int , bound_test_case_num , BOUND ); int test_case_num = 1; if constexpr( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ SET_ASSERT( test_case_num , 1 , bound_test_case_num ); } FINISH_MAIN
  #define DEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE , DEBUG_VALUE ) CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE )
  #define ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) assert( ( MIN ) <= A && A <= ( MAX ) )
  #define SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) SET_LL( A ); ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
  #define SOLVE_ONLY 
  #define CERR( ... ) 
  #define COUT( ... ) VariadicCout( cout , __VA_ARGS__ ) << ENDL
  #define CERR_A( A , N ) 
  #define COUT_A( A , N ) OUTPUT_ARRAY( cout , A , N ) << ENDL
  #define CERR_ITR( A ) 
  #define COUT_ITR( A ) OUTPUT_ITR( cout , A ) << ENDL
#endif
#ifdef REACTIVE
  #define ENDL endl
#else
  #define ENDL "\n"
#endif
#ifdef USE_GETLINE
  #define SET_LL( A ) { GETLINE( A ## _str ); A = stoll( A ## _str ); }
  #define GETLINE_SEPARATE( SEPARATOR , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; string __VA_ARGS__; VariadicGetline( cin , SEPARATOR , __VA_ARGS__ )
  #define GETLINE( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; GETLINE_SEPARATE( '\n' , __VA_ARGS__ )
#else
  #define SET_LL( A ) cin >> A
  #define CIN( LL , ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; LL __VA_ARGS__; VariadicCin( cin , __VA_ARGS__ )
  #define SET_A( A , N ) SOLVE_ONLY; FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_A , 0 , N ){ cin >> A[VARIABLE_FOR_CIN_A]; }
  #define CIN_A( LL , A , N ) vector<LL> A( N ); SET_A( A , N );
#endif
#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
using uint = unsigned int;
using ll = long long;
using ull = unsigned long long;
using ld = long double;
using lld = __float128;
template <typename INT> using T2 = pair<INT,INT>;
template <typename INT> using T3 = tuple<INT,INT,INT>;
template <typename INT> using T4 = tuple<INT,INT,INT,INT>;
using path = pair<int,ll>;
#define ATT __attribute__( ( target( "sse4.2,fma,avx2,popcnt,lzcnt,bmi2" ) ) )
#define START_MAIN int main(){ ios_base::sync_with_stdio( false ); cin.tie( nullptr )
#define FINISH_MAIN REPEAT( test_case_num ){ if constexpr( bound_test_case_num > 1 ){ CERR( "testcase " , VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_test_case_num , ":" ); } Solve(); CERR( "" ); } }
#define START_WATCH chrono::system_clock::time_point watch = chrono::system_clock::now()
#define CURRENT_TIME static_cast<double>( chrono::duration_cast<chrono::microseconds>( chrono::system_clock::now() - watch ).count() / 1000.0 )
#define CHECK_WATCH( TL_MS ) ( CURRENT_TIME < TL_MS - 100.0 )
#define TYPE_OF( VAR ) decay_t<decltype( VAR )>
#define CEXPR( LL , BOUND , VALUE ) constexpr LL BOUND = VALUE
#define CIN_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX ) TYPE_OF( MAX ) A; SET_ASSERT( A , MIN , MAX )
#define FOR( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) for( TYPE_OF( FINAL_PLUS_ONE ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR < FINAL_PLUS_ONE ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQ( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( TYPE_OF( FINAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR <= FINAL ; VAR ++ )
#define FOREQINV( VAR , INITIAL , FINAL ) for( TYPE_OF( INITIAL ) VAR = INITIAL ; VAR + 1 > FINAL ; VAR -- )
#define AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) auto itr_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .begin() , end_ ## ARRAY = ARRAY .end()
#define FOR_ITR( ARRAY ) for( AUTO_ITR( ARRAY ) , itr = itr_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY != end_ ## ARRAY ; itr_ ## ARRAY ++ , itr++ )
#define REPEAT( HOW_MANY_TIMES ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_REPEAT_ ## HOW_MANY_TIMES , 0 , HOW_MANY_TIMES )
#define SET_PRECISION( DECIMAL_DIGITS ) cout << fixed << setprecision( DECIMAL_DIGITS )
#define OUTPUT_ARRAY( OS , A , N ) FOR( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY , 0 , N ){ OS << A[VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY] << (VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ARRAY==N-1?"":" "); } OS
#define OUTPUT_ITR( OS , A ) { auto ITERATOR_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.begin() , END_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = A.end(); bool VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR; while( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR ){ OS << *ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR; ( VARIABLE_FOR_OUTPUT_ITR = ++ITERATOR_FOR_COUT_ITR != END_FOR_COUT_ITR ) ? OS : OS << " "; } } OS
#define RETURN( ... ) SOLVE_ONLY; COUT( __VA_ARGS__ ); return
#define COMPARE( ... ) auto naive = Naive( __VA_ARGS__ ); auto answer = Answer( __VA_ARGS__ ); bool match = naive == answer; COUT( "(" , #__VA_ARGS__ , ") == (" , __VA_ARGS__ , ") : Naive == " , naive , match ? "==" : "!=" , answer , "== Answer" ); if( !match ){ return; }

// 入出力用
template <class Traits> inline basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is ) { return is; }
template <class Traits , typename Arg , typename... ARGS> inline basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicCin( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , Arg& arg , ARGS&... args ) { return VariadicCin( is >> arg , args... ); }
template <class Traits> inline basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , const char& separator ) { return is; }
template <class Traits , typename Arg , typename... ARGS> inline basic_istream<char,Traits>& VariadicGetline( basic_istream<char,Traits>& is , const char& separator , Arg& arg , ARGS&... args ) { return VariadicGetline( getline( is , arg , separator ) , separator , args... ); }
template <class Traits , typename Arg> inline basic_ostream<char,Traits>& operator<<( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , const vector<Arg>& arg ) { auto begin = arg.begin() , end = arg.end(); auto itr = begin; while( itr != end ){ ( itr == begin ? os : os << " " ) << *itr; itr++; } return os; }
template <class Traits , typename Arg> inline basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , const Arg& arg ) { return os << arg; }
template <class Traits , typename Arg1 , typename Arg2 , typename... ARGS> inline basic_ostream<char,Traits>& VariadicCout( basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os , const Arg1& arg1 , const Arg2& arg2 , const ARGS&... args ) { return VariadicCout( os << arg1 << " " , arg2 , args... ); }

// 算術用
template <typename T> constexpr T PositiveBaseResidue( const T& a , const T& p ){ return a >= 0 ? a % p : p - 1 - ( ( - ( a + 1 ) ) % p ); }
template <typename T> constexpr T Residue( const T& a , const T& p ){ return PositiveBaseResidue( a , p < 0 ? -p : p ); }
template <typename T> constexpr T PositiveBaseQuotient( const T& a , const T& p ){ return ( a - PositiveBaseResidue( a , p ) ) / p; }
template <typename T> constexpr T Quotient( const T& a , const T& p ){ return p < 0 ? PositiveBaseQuotient( -a , -p ) : PositiveBaseQuotient( a , p ); }

#define POWER( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT )				\
  static_assert( ! is_same<TYPE_OF( ARGUMENT ),int>::value && ! is_same<TYPE_OF( ARGUMENT ),uint>::value ); \
  TYPE_OF( ARGUMENT ) ANSWER{ 1 };					\
  {									\
    TYPE_OF( ARGUMENT ) ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT );	\
    TYPE_OF( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT );	\
    while( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){			\
      if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){			\
	ANSWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER;			\
      }									\
      ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER *= ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER;	\
      EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2;				\
    }									\
  }									\

#define POWER_MOD( ANSWER , ARGUMENT , EXPONENT , MODULO )		\
  ll ANSWER{ 1 };							\
  {									\
    ll ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ( ARGUMENT ) % ( MODULO ) ) % ( MODULO ); \
    ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER < 0 ? ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER += ( MODULO ) : ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER; \
    TYPE_OF( EXPONENT ) EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( EXPONENT );	\
    while( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER != 0 ){			\
      if( EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER % 2 == 1 ){			\
	ANSWER = ( ANSWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
      }									\
      ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER = ( ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER * ARGUMENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER ) % ( MODULO ); \
      EXPONENT_FOR_SQUARE_FOR_POWER /= 2;				\
    }									\
  }									\

#define FACTORIAL_MOD( ANSWER , ANSWER_INV , INVERSE , MAX_INDEX , CONSTEXPR_LENGTH , MODULO ) \
  ll ANSWER[CONSTEXPR_LENGTH];						\
  ll ANSWER_INV[CONSTEXPR_LENGTH];					\
  ll INVERSE[CONSTEXPR_LENGTH];						\
  {									\
    ll VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1;				\
    ANSWER[0] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL;			\
    FOREQ( i , 1 , MAX_INDEX ){						\
      ANSWER[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= i ) %= ( MODULO ); \
    }									\
    ANSWER_INV[0] = ANSWER_INV[1] = INVERSE[1] = VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL = 1; \
    FOREQ( i , 2 , MAX_INDEX ){						\
      ANSWER_INV[i] = ( VARIABLE_FOR_PRODUCT_FOR_FACTORIAL *= INVERSE[i] = ( MODULO ) - ( ( ( ( MODULO ) / i ) * INVERSE[ ( MODULO ) % i ] ) % ( MODULO ) ) ) %= ( MODULO ); \
    }									\
  }									\

// 二分探索用
// EXPRESSIONがANSWERの広義単調関数の時、EXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの整数解を格納。
#define BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , DESIRED_INEQUALITY , CONST_TARGET , INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK , UPDATE_U , UPDATE_L , UPDATE_ANSWER ) \
  static_assert( ! is_same<TYPE_OF( CONST_TARGET ),uint>::value && ! is_same<TYPE_OF( CONST_TARGET ),ull>::value ); \
  ll ANSWER = MINIMUM;							\
  {									\
    ll L_BS = MINIMUM;							\
    ll U_BS = MAXIMUM;							\
    ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER;						\
    ll EXPRESSION_BS;							\
    const ll CONST_TARGET_BS = ( CONST_TARGET );			\
    ll DIFFERENCE_BS;							\
    while( L_BS < U_BS ){						\
      DIFFERENCE_BS = ( EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION ) ) - CONST_TARGET_BS; \
      CERR( "二分探索中：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #EXPRESSION , "-" , #CONST_TARGET , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , "-" , CONST_TARGET_BS , "=" , DIFFERENCE_BS ); \
      if( DIFFERENCE_BS INEQUALITY_FOR_CHECK 0 ){			\
	U_BS = UPDATE_U;						\
      } else {								\
	L_BS = UPDATE_L;						\
      }									\
      ANSWER = UPDATE_ANSWER;						\
    }									\
    if( L_BS > U_BS ){							\
      CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , ">" , U_BS , "= U_BS :" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1  ); \
      CERR( "二分探索マクロにミスがある可能性があります。変更前の版に戻してください。" ); \
      ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1;						\
    } else {								\
      CERR( "二分探索終了：" , "L_BS =" , L_BS , "<=" , #ANSWER , "=" , ANSWER , "<=" , U_BS , "= U_BS" ); \
      CERR( "二分探索が成功したかを確認するために" , #EXPRESSION , "を計算します。" ); \
      CERR( "成功判定が不要な場合はこの計算を削除しても構いません。" );	\
      EXPRESSION_BS = ( EXPRESSION );					\
      CERR( "二分探索結果：" , #EXPRESSION , "=" , EXPRESSION_BS , ( EXPRESSION_BS > CONST_TARGET_BS ? ">" : EXPRESSION_BS < CONST_TARGET_BS ? "<" : "=" ) , CONST_TARGET_BS ); \
      if( EXPRESSION_BS DESIRED_INEQUALITY CONST_TARGET_BS ){		\
	CERR( "二分探索成功：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , ANSWER );		\
      } else {								\
	CERR( "二分探索失敗：" , #ANSWER , ":=" , #MAXIMUM , "+ 1 =" , MAXIMUM + 1 ); \
	CERR( "単調でないか、単調増加性と単調減少性を逆にしてしまったか、探索範囲内に解が存在しません。" ); \
	ANSWER = MAXIMUM + 1;						\
      }									\
    }									\
  }									\

// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS1( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CONST_TARGET )	\
  BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CONST_TARGET , >= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 ) \

// 単調増加の時にEXPRESSION <= CONST_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS2( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CONST_TARGET )	\
  BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CONST_TARGET , > , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 ) \

// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION >= CONST_TARGETの最大解を格納。
#define BS3( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CONST_TARGET )	\
  BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , >= , CONST_TARGET , < , ANSWER - 1 , ANSWER , ( L_BS + 1 + U_BS ) / 2 ) \

// 単調減少の時にEXPRESSION <= CONST_TARGETの最小解を格納。
#define BS4( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , CONST_TARGET )	\
  BS( ANSWER , MINIMUM , MAXIMUM , EXPRESSION , <= , CONST_TARGET , <= , ANSWER , ANSWER + 1 , ( L_BS + U_BS ) / 2 ) \

// t以下の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
template <typename T> inline typename set<T>::iterator MaximumLeq( set<T>& S , const T& t ) { const auto end = S.end(); if( S.empty() ){ return end; } auto itr = S.upper_bound( t ); return itr == end ? S.find( *( S.rbegin() ) ) : itr == S.begin() ? end : --itr; }
// t未満の値が存在すればその最大値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
template <typename T> inline typename set<T>::iterator MaximumLt( set<T>& S , const T& t ) { const auto end = S.end(); if( S.empty() ){ return end; } auto itr = S.lower_bound( t ); return itr == end ? S.find( *( S.rbegin() ) ) : itr == S.begin() ? end : --itr; }
// t以上の値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
template <typename T> inline typename set<T>::iterator MinimumGeq( set<T>& S , const T& t ) { return S.lower_bound( t ); }
// tより大きい値が存在すればその最小値のiterator、存在しなければend()を返す。
template <typename T> inline typename set<T>::iterator MinimumGt( set<T>& S , const T& t ) { return S.upper_bound( t ); }

// データ構造用
template <typename T , template <typename...> typename V> inline V<T> operator+( const V<T>& a0 , const V<T>& a1 ) { if( a0.empty() ){ return a1; } if( a1.empty() ){ return a0; } assert( a0.size() == a1.size() ); V<T> answer{}; for( auto itr0 = a0.begin() , itr1 = a1.begin() , end0 = a0.end(); itr0 != end0 ; itr0++ , itr1++ ){ answer.push_back( *itr0 + *itr1 ); } return answer; }
template <typename T , typename U> inline pair<T,U> operator+( const pair<T,U>& t0 , const pair<T,U>& t1 ) { return { t0.first + t1.first , t0.second + t1.second }; }
template <typename T , typename U , typename V> inline tuple<T,U,V> operator+( const tuple<T,U,V>& t0 , const tuple<T,U,V>& t1 ) { return { get<0>( t0 ) + get<0>( t1 ) , get<1>( t0 ) + get<1>( t1 ) , get<2>( t0 ) + get<2>( t1 ) }; }
template <typename T , typename U , typename V , typename W> inline tuple<T,U,V,W> operator+( const tuple<T,U,V,W>& t0 , const tuple<T,U,V,W>& t1 ) { return { get<0>( t0 ) + get<0>( t1 ) , get<1>( t0 ) + get<1>( t1 ) , get<2>( t0 ) + get<2>( t1 ) , get<3>( t0 ) + get<3>( t1 ) }; }
template <typename T> inline T Add( const T& t0 , const T& t1 ) { return t0 + t1; }
template <typename T> inline T XorAdd( const T& t0 , const T& t1 ){ return t0 ^ t1; }
template <typename T> inline T Multiply( const T& t0 , const T& t1 ) { return t0 * t1; }
template <typename T> inline const T& Zero() { static const T z{}; return z; }
template <typename T> inline const T& One() { static const T o = 1; return o; }\
template <typename T> inline T AddInv( const T& t ) { return -t; }
template <typename T> inline T Id( const T& v ) { return v; }
template <typename T> inline T Min( const T& a , const T& b ){ return a < b ? a : b; }
template <typename T> inline T Max( const T& a , const T& b ){ return a < b ? b : a; }

// グリッド問題用
int H , W , H_minus , W_minus , HW;
vector<vector<bool> > non_wall;
inline T2<int> EnumHW( const int& v ) { return { v / W , v % W }; }
inline int EnumHW_inv( const int& h , const int& w ) { return h * W + w; }
const string direction[4] = {"U","R","D","L"};
// (i,j)->(k,h)の方向番号を取得
inline int DirectionNumberOnGrid( const int& i , const int& j , const int& k , const int& h ){return i<k?2:i>k?0:j<h?1:j>h?3:(assert(false),-1);}
// v->wの方向番号を取得
inline int DirectionNumberOnGrid( const int& v , const int& w ){auto [i,j]=EnumHW(v);auto [k,h]=EnumHW(w);return DirectionNumberOnGrid(i,j,k,h);}
// 方向番号の反転U<->D、R<->L
inline int ReverseDirectionNumberOnGrid( const int& n ){assert(0<=n&&n<4);return(n+2)%4;}
inline void SetEdgeOnGrid( const string& Si , const int& i , list<int> ( &e )[] , const char& walkable = '.' ){FOR(j,0,W){if(Si[j]==walkable){int v = EnumHW_inv(i,j);if(i>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i-1,j)].push_back(v);}if(i+1<H){e[EnumHW_inv(i+1,j)].push_back(v);}if(j>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j-1)].push_back(v);}if(j+1<W){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j+1)].push_back(v);}}}}
inline void SetEdgeOnGrid( const string& Si , const int& i , list<path> ( &e )[] , const char& walkable = '.' ){FOR(j,0,W){if(Si[j]==walkable){const int v=EnumHW_inv(i,j);if(i>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i-1,j)].push_back({v,1});}if(i+1<H){e[EnumHW_inv(i+1,j)].push_back({v,1});}if(j>0){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j-1)].push_back({v,1});}if(j+1<W){e[EnumHW_inv(i,j+1)].push_back({v,1});}}}}
inline void SetWallOnGrid( const string& Si , const int& i , vector<vector<bool> >& non_wall , const char& walkable = '.'  , const char& unwalkable = '#' ){non_wall.push_back(vector<bool>(W));auto& non_wall_i=non_wall[i];FOR(j,0,W){non_wall_i[j]=Si[j]==walkable?true:(assert(Si[j]==unwalkable),false);}}

// デバッグ用
#ifdef DEBUG
  inline void AlertAbort( int n ) { CERR( "abort関数が呼ばれました。assertマクロのメッセージが出力されていない場合はオーバーフローの有無を確認をしてください。" ); }
  void AutoCheck( int& exec_mode , const bool& use_getline );
  inline void Solve();
  inline void Experiment();
  inline void SmallTest();
  inline void RandomTest();
  ll GetRand( const ll& Rand_min , const ll& Rand_max );
  int exec_mode;
  CEXPR( int , solve_mode , 0 );
  CEXPR( int , sample_debug_mode , 1 );
  CEXPR( int , submission_debug_mode , 2 );
  CEXPR( int , library_search_mode , 3 );
  CEXPR( int , experiment_mode , 4 );
  CEXPR( int , small_test_mode , 5 );
  CEXPR( int , random_test_mode , 6 );
  #ifdef USE_GETLINE
    CEXPR( bool , use_getline , true );
  #else
    CEXPR( bool , use_getline , false );
  #endif
#else
  ll GetRand( const ll& Rand_min , const ll& Rand_max ) { ll answer = time( NULL ); return answer * rand() % ( Rand_max + 1 - Rand_min ) + Rand_min; }
#endif

// 圧縮用
#define TE template
#define TY typename
#define US using
#define ST static
#define IN inline
#define CL class
#define PU public
#define OP operator
#define CE constexpr
#define CO const
#define NE noexcept
#define RE return 
#define WH while
#define VO void
#define VE vector
#define LI list
#define BE begin
#define EN end
#define SZ size
#define MO move
#define TH this
#define CRI CO int&
#define CRUI CO uint&
#define CRL CO ll&

// VVV 常設ライブラリは以下に挿入する。
// Map
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Function/Map
CL is_ordered{PU:is_ordered()= delete;TE <TY T> ST CE auto Check(CO T& t)-> decltype(t < t,true_type());ST CE false_type Check(...);TE <TY T> ST CE CO bool value = is_same_v< decltype(Check(declval<T>())),true_type >;};
TE <TY T , TY U>US Map = conditional_t<is_constructible_v<unordered_map<T,int>>,unordered_map<T,U>,conditional_t<is_ordered::value<T>,map<T,U>,void>>;

// ConstexprModulo
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/Arithmetic/Mod/ConstexprModulo/a.hpp
CEXPR(uint,P,998244353);TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT& RS(INT& n)NE{RE n < 0?((((++n)*= -1)%= M)*= -1)+= M - 1:n %= M;}TE <uint M> CE uint& RS(uint& n)NE{RE n %= M;}TE <uint M> CE ull& RS(ull& n)NE{RE n %= M;}TE <TY INT> CE INT& RSP(INT& n)NE{CE CO uint trunc =(1 << 23)- 1;INT n_u = n >> 23;n &= trunc;INT n_uq =(n_u / 7)/ 17;n_u -= n_uq * 119;n += n_u << 23;RE n < n_uq?n += P - n_uq:n -= n_uq;}TE <> CE ull& RS<P,ull>(ull& n)NE{CE CO ull Pull = P;CE CO ull Pull2 =(Pull - 1)*(Pull - 1);RE RSP(n > Pull2?n -= Pull2:n);}TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT RS(INT&& n)NE{RE MO(RS<M>(n));}TE <uint M,TY INT> CE INT RS(CO INT& n)NE{RE RS<M>(INT(n));}

#define SFINAE_FOR_MOD(DEFAULT)TY T,enable_if_t<is_constructible<uint,decay_t<T> >::value>* DEFAULT
#define DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(FUNC)CE bool OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE
#define DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(FUNC)CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE;
#define DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(FUNC)TE <uint M> CE bool Mod<M>::OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE{RE m_n FUNC n.m_n;}
#define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(FUNC,FORMULA)TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP FUNC(CO Mod<M>& n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)FUNC ## = n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE{RE FORMULA;}TE <uint M,SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod<M> OP FUNC(T&& n0,CO Mod<M>& n1)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(forward<T>(n0))FUNC ## = n1);}

TE <uint M>CL Mod{PU:uint m_n;CE Mod()NE;CE Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod(Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(CO T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> CE Mod(T&& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP=(Mod<M>&& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE;IN Mod<M>& OP/=(CO Mod<M>& n);CE Mod<M>& OP<<=(int n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP>>=(int n)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP++()NE;CE Mod<M> OP++(int)NE;CE Mod<M>& OP--()NE;CE Mod<M> OP--(int)NE;DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DC_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/);CE Mod<M> OP<<(int n)CO NE;CE Mod<M> OP>>(int n)CO NE;CE Mod<M> OP-()CO NE;CE Mod<M>& SignInvert()NE;CE Mod<M>& Double()NE;CE Mod<M>& Halve()NE;IN Mod<M>& Invert();TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& PositivePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& PW(T&& EX);CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n)NE;CE CRUI RP()CO NE;ST CE Mod<M> DeRP(CRUI n)NE;ST CE uint& Normalise(uint& n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& Inverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& Factorial(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN Mod<M> Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& zero()NE;ST IN CO Mod<M>& one()NE;TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Ref(T&& n)NE;};

#define SFINAE_FOR_MN(DEFAULT)TY T,enable_if_t<is_constructible<Mod<M>,decay_t<T> >::value>* DEFAULT
#define DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(FUNC)IN MN<M> OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> IN MN<M> OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE;
#define DF_OF_CM_FOR_MN(FUNC)TE <uint M> IN bool MN<M>::OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE{RE m_n FUNC n.m_n;}
#define DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(FUNC,FORMULA)TE <uint M> IN MN<M> MN<M>::OP FUNC(CO MN<M>& n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)FUNC ## = n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> IN MN<M> MN<M>::OP FUNC(T&& n)CO NE{RE FORMULA;}TE <uint M,SFINAE_FOR_MOD(= nullptr)> IN MN<M> OP FUNC(T&& n0,CO MN<M>& n1)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(forward<T>(n0))FUNC ## = n1);}

TE <uint M>CL MN:PU Mod<M>{PU:CE MN()NE;CE MN(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN(MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN(MN<M>&& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN(= nullptr)> CE MN(CO T& n)NE;TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN(= nullptr)> CE MN(T&& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP=(MN<M>&& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP+=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP-=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP*=(CO MN<M>& n)NE;IN MN<M>& OP/=(CO MN<M>& n);CE MN<M>& OP<<=(int n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP>>=(int n)NE;CE MN<M>& OP++()NE;CE MN<M> OP++(int)NE;CE MN<M>& OP--()NE;CE MN<M> OP--(int)NE;DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(+);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(-);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(*);DC_OF_AR_FOR_MN(/);CE MN<M> OP<<(int n)CO NE;CE MN<M> OP>>(int n)CO NE;CE MN<M> OP-()CO NE;CE MN<M>& SignInvert()NE;CE MN<M>& Double()NE;CE MN<M>& Halve()NE;CE MN<M>& Invert();TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& PositivePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& PW(T&& EX);CE uint RP()CO NE;CE Mod<M> Reduce()CO NE;ST CE MN<M> DeRP(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Formise(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Inverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& Factorial(CRUI n)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE;ST IN MN<M> Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& zero()NE;ST IN CO MN<M>& one()NE;ST CE uint Form(CRUI n)NE;ST CE ull& Reduction(ull& n)NE;ST CE ull& ReducedMU(ull& n,CRUI m)NE;ST CE uint MU(CRUI n0,CRUI n1)NE;ST CE uint BaseSquareTruncation(uint& n)NE;TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& Ref(T&& n)NE;};TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Twice(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Half(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Inverse(CO MN<M>& n);TE <uint M,TY T> CE MN<M> PW(MN<M> n,T EX);TE <TY T> CE MN<2> PW(CO MN<2>& n,CO T& p);TE <TY T> CE T Square(CO T& t);TE <> CE MN<2> Square<MN<2> >(CO MN<2>& t);TE <uint M> CE VO swap(MN<M>& n0,MN<M>& n1)NE;TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO MN<M>& n)NE;TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,MN<M>& n);TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO MN<M>& n);

TE <uint M>CL COantsForMod{PU:COantsForMod()= delete;ST CE CO bool g_even =((M & 1)== 0);ST CE CO uint g_memory_bound = 1000000;ST CE CO uint g_memory_LE = M < g_memory_bound?M:g_memory_bound;ST CE ull MNBasePW(ull&& EX)NE;ST CE uint g_M_minus = M - 1;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2 = M - 2;ST CE uint g_M_minus_2_neg = 2 - M;ST CE CO int g_MN_digit = 32;ST CE CO ull g_MN_base = ull(1)<< g_MN_digit;ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_minus = uint(g_MN_base - 1);ST CE CO uint g_MN_digit_half =(g_MN_digit + 1)>> 1;ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_sqrt_minus =(1 << g_MN_digit_half)- 1;ST CE CO uint g_MN_M_neg_inverse = uint((g_MN_base - MNBasePW((ull(1)<<(g_MN_digit - 1))- 1))& g_MN_base_minus);ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_mod = uint(g_MN_base % M);ST CE CO uint g_MN_base_square_mod = uint(((g_MN_base % M)*(g_MN_base % M))% M);};TE <uint M> CE ull COantsForMod<M>::MNBasePW(ull&& EX)NE{ull prod = 1;ull PW = M;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?(prod *= PW)&= g_MN_base_minus:prod;EX >>= 1;(PW *= PW)&= g_MN_base_minus;}RE prod;}

US MP = Mod<P>;US MNP = MN<P>;TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::Form(CRUI n)NE{ull n_copy = n;RE uint(MO(Reduction(n_copy *= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_square_mod)));}TE <uint M> CE ull& MN<M>::Reduction(ull& n)NE{ull n_sub = n & COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_minus;RE((n +=((n_sub *= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_M_neg_inverse)&= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_minus)*= M)>>= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_digit)< M?n:n -= M;}TE <uint M> CE ull& MN<M>::ReducedMU(ull& n,CRUI m)NE{RE Reduction(n *= m);}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::MU(CRUI n0,CRUI n1)NE{ull n0_copy = n0;RE uint(MO(ReducedMU(ReducedMU(n0_copy,n1),COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_square_mod)));}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::BaseSquareTruncation(uint& n)NE{CO uint n_u = n >> COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_digit_half;n &= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_sqrt_minus;RE n_u;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN()NE:Mod<M>(){static_assert(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(CO MN<M>& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(MN<M>& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>::MN(MN<M>&& n)NE:Mod<M>(MO(n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN()> CE MN<M>::MN(CO T& n)NE:Mod<M>(n){static_assert(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);Mod<M>::m_n = Form(Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MN()> CE MN<M>::MN(T&& n)NE:Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)){static_assert(! COantsForMod<M>::g_even);Mod<M>::m_n = Form(Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP=(MN<M>&& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP=(MO(n)));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP+=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP+=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP-=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP-=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP*=(CO MN<M>& n)NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n = MO(ReducedMU(m_n_copy,n.m_n)));}TE <uint M> IN MN<M>& MN<M>::OP/=(CO MN<M>& n){RE OP*=(MN<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP<<=(int n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP<<=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP>>=(int n)NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::OP>>=(n));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP++()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Normalise(Mod<M>::m_n += COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP++(int)NE{MN<M> n{*TH};OP++();RE n;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::OP--()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod?((Mod<M>::m_n += M)-= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod):Mod<M>::m_n -= COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP--(int)NE{MN<M> n{*TH};OP--();RE n;}DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(+,MN<M>(forward<T>(n))+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(-,MN<M>(forward<T>(n)).SignInvert()+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(*,MN<M>(forward<T>(n))*= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MN(/,MN<M>(forward<T>(n)).Invert()*= *TH);TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP<<(int n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)<<= n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP>>(int n)CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH)>>= n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::OP-()CO NE{RE MO(MN<M>(*TH).SignInvert());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::SignInvert()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::m_n > 0?Mod<M>::m_n = M - Mod<M>::m_n:Mod<M>::m_n);}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Double()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Double());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Halve()NE{RE Ref(Mod<M>::Halve());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Invert(){assert(Mod<M>::m_n > 0);RE PositivePW(uint(COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{MN<M> PW{*TH};(--EX)%= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?OP*=(PW):*TH;EX >>= 1;PW *= PW;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE{RE EX == 0?Ref(Mod<M>::m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_MN_base_mod):PositivePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::PW(T&& EX){bool neg = EX < 0;assert(!(neg && Mod<M>::m_n == 0));RE neg?PositivePW(forward<T>(EX *= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2_neg)):NonNegativePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> CE uint MN<M>::RP()CO NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE MO(Reduction(m_n_copy));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> MN<M>::Reduce()CO NE{ull m_n_copy = Mod<M>::m_n;RE Mod<M>::DeRP(MO(Reduction(m_n_copy)));}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> MN<M>::DeRP(CRUI n)NE{RE MN<M>(Mod<M>::DeRP(n));}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Formise(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = DeRP(LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Inverse(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>(Mod<M>::Inverse(LE_curr));LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::Factorial(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;ST MN<M> val_curr{one()};ST MN<M> val_last{one()};WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr++] = val_curr *= ++val_last;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE{ST MN<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;ST MN<M> val_curr{one()};ST MN<M> val_last{one()};WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = val_curr *= Inverse(LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN MN<M> MN<M>::Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE{RE i <= n?Factorial(n)*FactorialInverse(i)*FactorialInverse(n - i):zero();}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::zero()NE{ST CE CO MN<M> z{};RE z;}TE <uint M> IN CO MN<M>& MN<M>::one()NE{ST CE CO MN<M> o{DeRP(1)};RE o;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE MN<M>& MN<M>::Ref(T&& n)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Twice(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(n).Double());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Half(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE MO(MN<M>(n).Halve());}TE <uint M> CE MN<M> Inverse(CO MN<M>& n){RE MO(MN<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M,TY T> CE MN<M> PW(MN<M> n,T EX){RE MO(n.PW(EX));}TE <uint M> CE VO swap(MN<M>& n0,MN<M>& n1)NE{n0.swap(n1);}TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO MN<M>& n)NE{RE to_string(n.RP())+ " + MZ";}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,MN<M>& n){ll m;is >> m;n = m;RE is;}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO MN<M>& n){RE os << n.RP();}

TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod()NE:m_n(){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(CO Mod<M>& n)NE:m_n(n.m_n){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(Mod<M>& n)NE:m_n(n.m_n){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>::Mod(Mod<M>&& n)NE:m_n(MO(n.m_n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(CO T& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(n)){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(T& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(decay_t<T>(n))){}TE <uint M> TE <SFINAE_FOR_MOD()> CE Mod<M>::Mod(T&& n)NE:m_n(RS<M>(forward<T>(n))){}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP=(Mod<M>&& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = MO(n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP+=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(Normalise(m_n += n.m_n));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP-=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n < n.m_n?(m_n += M)-= n.m_n:m_n -= n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP*=(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE Ref(m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_even?RS<M>(ull(m_n)* n.m_n):MN<M>::MU(m_n,n.m_n));}TE <> CE MP& MP::OP*=(CO MP& n)NE{ull m_n_copy = m_n;RE Ref(m_n = MO((m_n_copy *= n.m_n)< P?m_n_copy:RSP(m_n_copy)));}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP/=(CO Mod<M>& n){RE OP*=(Mod<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP<<=(int n)NE{WH(n-- > 0){Normalise(m_n <<= 1);}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP>>=(int n)NE{WH(n-- > 0){((m_n & 1)== 0?m_n:m_n += M)>>= 1;}RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP++()NE{RE Ref(m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus?++m_n:m_n = 0);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP++(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP++();RE n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::OP--()NE{RE Ref(m_n == 0?m_n = COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus:--m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP--(int)NE{Mod<M> n{*TH};OP--();RE n;}DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(==);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(!=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(>=);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<);DF_OF_CM_FOR_MOD(<=);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(+,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n))+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(-,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)).SignInvert()+= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(*,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n))*= *TH);DF_OF_AR_FOR_MOD(/,Mod<M>(forward<T>(n)).Invert()*= *TH);TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP<<(int n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)<<= n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP>>(int n)CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH)>>= n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::OP-()CO NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(*TH).SignInvert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::SignInvert()NE{RE Ref(m_n > 0?m_n = M - m_n:m_n);}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Double()NE{RE Ref(Normalise(m_n <<= 1));}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Halve()NE{RE Ref(((m_n & 1)== 0?m_n:m_n += M)>>= 1);}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Invert(){assert(m_n > 0);uint m_n_neg;RE m_n < COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE?Ref(m_n = Inverse(m_n).m_n):((m_n_neg = M - m_n)< COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE)?Ref(m_n = M - Inverse(m_n_neg).m_n):PositivePW(uint(COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2));}TE <> IN Mod<2>& Mod<2>::Invert(){assert(m_n > 0);RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{Mod<M> PW{*TH};EX--;WH(EX != 0){(EX & 1)== 1?OP*=(PW):*TH;EX >>= 1;PW *= PW;}RE *TH;}TE <> TE <TY T> CE Mod<2>& Mod<2>::PositivePW(T&& EX)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::NonNegativePW(T&& EX)NE{RE EX == 0?Ref(m_n = 1):Ref(PositivePW(forward<T>(EX)));}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::PW(T&& EX){bool neg = EX < 0;assert(!(neg && Mod<M>::m_n == 0));RE neg?PositivePW(forward<T>(EX *= COantsForMod<M>::g_M_minus_2_neg)):NonNegativePW(forward<T>(EX));}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Inverse(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={zero(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr].m_n = M - MN<M>::MU(memory[M % LE_curr].m_n,M / LE_curr);LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Factorial(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>::Factorial(LE_curr).Reduce();LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::FactorialInverse(CRUI n)NE{ST Mod<M> memory[COantsForMod<M>::g_memory_LE] ={one(),one()};ST uint LE_curr = 2;WH(LE_curr <= n){memory[LE_curr] = MN<M>::FactorialInverse(LE_curr).Reduce();LE_curr++;}RE memory[n];}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Mod<M>::Combination(CRUI n,CRUI i)NE{RE MN<M>::Combination(n,i).Reduce();}TE <uint M> CE VO Mod<M>::swap(Mod<M>& n)NE{std::swap(m_n,n.m_n);}TE <uint M> CE CRUI Mod<M>::RP()CO NE{RE m_n;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Mod<M>::DeRP(CRUI n)NE{Mod<M> n_copy{};n_copy.m_n = n;RE n_copy;}TE <uint M> CE uint& Mod<M>::Normalise(uint& n)NE{RE n < M?n:n -= M;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::zero()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> z{};RE z;}TE <uint M> IN CO Mod<M>& Mod<M>::one()NE{ST CE CO Mod<M> o{DeRP(1)};RE o;}TE <uint M> TE <TY T> CE Mod<M>& Mod<M>::Ref(T&& n)NE{RE *TH;}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Twice(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Double());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Half(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Halve());}TE <uint M> IN Mod<M> Inverse(CO Mod<M>& n){RE MO(Mod<M>(n).Invert());}TE <uint M> CE Mod<M> Inverse_COrexpr(CRUI n)NE{RE MO(Mod<M>::DeRP(RS<M>(n)).NonNegativePW(M - 2));}TE <uint M,TY T> CE Mod<M> PW(Mod<M> n,T EX){RE MO(n.PW(EX));}TE <TY T>CE Mod<2> PW(Mod<2> n,const T& p){RE p == 0?Mod<2>::one():move(n);}TE <uint M> CE VO swap(Mod<M>& n0,Mod<M>& n1)NE{n0.swap(n1);}TE <uint M> IN string to_string(CO Mod<M>& n)NE{RE to_string(n.RP())+ " + MZ";}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_istream<char,Traits>& OP>>(basic_istream<char,Traits>& is,Mod<M>& n){ll m;is >> m;n = m;RE is;}TE<uint M,CL Traits> IN basic_ostream<char,Traits>& OP<<(basic_ostream<char,Traits>& os,CO Mod<M>& n){RE os << n.RP();}

// IntervalAddBIT
// c:/Users/user/Documents/Programming/Mathematics/SetTheory/DirectProduct/AffineSpace/BIT/IntervalAdd/a.hpp
TE <TY T>CL BIT{PU:int m_SZ;VE<T> m_fenwick;int m_PW;IN BIT(CRI SZ = 0);BIT(CO VE<T>& a);IN BIT<T>& OP=(BIT<T>&& a);IN T Get(CRI i)CO;IN VO Set(CRI i,CO T& n);IN VO Set(CO VE<T>& a);IN VO Initialise(CRI SZ = 0);IN BIT<T>& OP+=(CO VE<T>& a);VO Add(CRI i,CO T& n);IN CO T& LSBSegmentSum(CRI j)CO;T InitialSegmentSum(CRI i_final)CO;IN T IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final)CO;int BinarySearch(CO T& n)CO;IN int BinarySearch(CRI i_start,CO T& n)CO;};
TE <TY T> IN BIT<T>::BIT(CRI SZ):m_SZ(SZ),m_fenwick(m_SZ+1),m_PW(1){static_assert(! is_same<T,int>::value);WH(m_PW < m_SZ){m_PW <<= 1;}}TE <TY T>BIT<T>::BIT(CO VE<T>& a):BIT(a.SZ()){for(int j = 1;j <= m_SZ;j++){T& fenwick_j = m_fenwick[j];int i = j - 1;fenwick_j = a[i];int i_lim = j -(j & -j);WH(i > i_lim){fenwick_j += m_fenwick[i];i -=(i & -i);}}}TE <TY T> IN BIT<T>& BIT<T>::OP=(BIT<T>&& a){m_SZ = a.m_SZ;m_fenwick = MO(a.m_fenwick);m_PW = a.m_PW;RE *TH;}TE <TY T> IN T BIT<T>::Get(CRI i)CO{RE IntervalSum(i,i);}TE <TY T> IN VO BIT<T>::Set(CRI i,CO T& n){Add(i,n - IntervalSum(i,i));}TE <TY T> IN VO BIT<T>::Set(CO VE<T>& a){*TH = BIT<T>{a};}TE <TY T> IN VO BIT<T>::Initialise(CRI SZ){*TH = BIT<T>(SZ);}TE <TY T> IN BIT<T>& BIT<T>::OP+=(CO VE<T>&a){ BIT<T> a_copy{ a }; assert(m_SZ == a.m_SZ);for(int i = 1;i <= m_SZ;i++){m_fenwick[i] += a.m_fenwick[i];}RE *TH;}TE <TY T>VO BIT<T>::Add(CRI i,CO T& n){int j = i + 1;WH(j <= m_SZ){m_fenwick[j] += n;j +=(j & -j);}RE;}TE <TY T> IN CO T& BIT<T>::LSBSegmentSum(CRI j)CO{assert(0 < j && j <= m_SZ);RE m_fenwick[j];}TE <TY T>T BIT<T>::InitialSegmentSum(CRI i_final)CO{T sum = 0;int j =(i_final < m_SZ?i_final:m_SZ - 1)+ 1;WH(j > 0){sum += m_fenwick[j];j -= j & -j;}RE sum;}TE <TY T> IN T BIT<T>::IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final)CO{RE InitialSegmentSum(i_final)- InitialSegmentSum(i_start - 1);}TE <TY T>int BIT<T>::BinarySearch(CO T& n)CO{int PW = m_PW;int j = 0;T sum{};T sum_next{};WH(PW > 0){int j_next = j | PW;if(j_next < m_SZ){sum_next += m_fenwick[j_next];if(sum_next < n){sum = sum_next;j = j_next;}else{sum_next = sum;}}PW >>= 1;}RE j;}TE <TY T> IN int BIT<T>::BinarySearch(CRI i_start,CO T& n)CO{RE max(i_start,BinarySearch(InitialSegmentSum(i_start)+ n));}
TE <TY T>CL IntervalAddBIT{PU:BIT<T> m_bit_0;BIT<T> m_bit_1;IN IntervalAddBIT(CRI SZ = 0);IN IntervalAddBIT(CO VE<T>& a);IN IntervalAddBIT<T>& OP=(IntervalAddBIT<T>&& a);IN T Get(CRI i)CO;IN VO Set(CRI i,CO T& n);IN VO Set(CO VE<T>& a);IN VO Initialise(CRI SZ = 0);IN IntervalAddBIT<T>& OP+=(CO VE<T>& a);IN VO Add(CRI i,CO T& n);IN VO IntervalAdd(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO T& n);IN T InitialSegmentSum(CRI i_final)CO;IN T IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final)CO;};
TE <TY T> IN IntervalAddBIT<T>::IntervalAddBIT(CRI SZ):m_bit_0(SZ),m_bit_1(SZ){}TE <TY T> IN IntervalAddBIT<T>::IntervalAddBIT(CO VE<T>& a):m_bit_0(),m_bit_1(){CO int SZ = a.SZ();VE<T> diff(SZ);diff[0]= a[0];for(int i = 1;i < SZ;i++){diff[i] = a[i] - a[i-1];}m_bit_0.Set(diff);for(int i = 1;i < SZ;i++){(diff[i]*= 1 - i)-= a[i];}m_bit_1.Set(diff);}TE <TY T> IN IntervalAddBIT<T>& IntervalAddBIT<T>::OP=(IntervalAddBIT<T>&& a){m_bit_0 = MO(a.m_bit_0);m_bit_1 = MO(a.m_bit_1);}TE <TY T> IN T IntervalAddBIT<T>::Get(CRI i)CO{RE IntervalSum(i,i);}TE <TY T> IN VO IntervalAddBIT<T>::Set(CRI i,CO T& n){Add(i,n - IntervalSum(i,i));}TE <TY T> IN VO IntervalAddBIT<T>::Set(CO VE<T>& a){*TH = IntervalAddBIT<T>(a);}TE <TY T> IN VO IntervalAddBIT<T>::Initialise(CO int& SZ){m_bit_0.Initialise(SZ);m_bit_1.Initialise(SZ);}TE <TY T> IN IntervalAddBIT<T>& IntervalAddBIT<T>::OP+=(CO VE<T>& a){IntervalAddBIT<T> a_copy{a};CO int SZ = a.SZ();for(int i = 1;i < SZ;i++){m_bit_0[i] += a_copy.m_bit_0[i];m_bit_1[i] += a_copy.m_bit_1[i];}RE *TH;}TE <TY T> IN VO IntervalAddBIT<T>::Add(CRI i,CO T& n){IntervalAdd(i,i,n);}TE <TY T> IN VO IntervalAddBIT<T>::IntervalAdd(CRI i_start,CRI i_final,CO T& n){m_bit_0.Add(i_start,-(i_start - 1)* n);m_bit_0.Add(i_final + 1,i_final * n);m_bit_1.Add(i_start,n);m_bit_1.Add(i_final + 1,- n);}TE <TY T> IN T IntervalAddBIT<T>::InitialSegmentSum(CRI i_final)CO{RE m_bit_0.InitialSegmentSum(i_final)+ i_final * m_bit_1.InitialSegmentSum(i_final);}TE <TY T> IN T IntervalAddBIT<T>::IntervalSum(CRI i_start,CRI i_final)CO{RE InitialSegmentSum(i_final)- InitialSegmentSum(i_start - 1);}

// AAA 常設ライブラリは以上に挿入する。

#define INCLUDE_LIBRARY
#include __FILE__

#endif // INCLUDE_LIBRARY

#endif // INCLUDE_SUB

#endif // INCLUDE_MAIN
yukicoder

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ソースコード
